MCQ Questions

Primary Activities Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers

Primary Activities Class 12 MCQs Chapter 5 Question 1.

The practice of nurturing the animals for food and for other human uses is known as :

(A) professional livestock rearing
(B) commercial livestock rearing
(C) social livestock rearing
(D) Subsistence Gathering
Answer:
(B) commercial livestock rearing

Explanation:
Commercial livestock rearing is a specialized activity in which only one type of animal is reared.

Primary Activities Class 12 MCQ Chapter 5 Question 2.

Primitive societies depended on :

(A) wild animals
(B) domesticated animals
(C) zoo animals
(D) Pet animals
Answer:
(A) wild animals

Explanation:
Primitive human society was completely dependent on wild animals because at this time level of human development and technology was very low. Due to less f knowledge and without development of g agriculture main food of human were related to wild animals, roots and fruits.

Primary Activities MCQ Chapter 5 Question 3.

In modern times gathering has become :

(A) primitive
(B) disintegrative
(C) commercial
(D) social
Answer:
(C) commercial

Explanation:
Modern time gatherers collect valuable plants such as leaves, barks of trees and medicinal plants and after simple processing sell the products in the market.

MCQ Of Primary Activities Class 12 Question 4.

Nomadic herding or pastoral nomadism is a:

(A) primitive subsistence activity
(B) secondary subsistence activity
(C) non- existent subsistence activity
(D) tertiary activity
Answer:
(A) primitive subsistence activity

Explanation:
Nomadic herding or pastoral nomadism is a primitive subsistence activity, J in which the herders rely on animals for food, clothing, shelter, tools and transport. They f move from one place to another along with I their livestock, depending on the amount and I quality of pastures and water.

Primary Activity MCQ Class 12 Chapter 5 Question 5.

Subsistence agriculture can be grouped into:

(A) extensive subsistence agriculture and intensive agriculture
(B) primitive subsistence agriculture and intensive subsistence agriculture.
(C) modern subsistence agriculture and intensive subsistence agriculture
(D) non- existent subsistence activity and primitive subsistence agriculture
Answer:
(B) primitive subsistence agriculture and intensive subsistence agriculture.

Class 12 Geography Primary Activities MCQ Question 6.

Intensive subsistence agriculture is largely practiced in densely populated regions of:

(A) monsoon Asia
(B) South Africa
(C) Australia
(D) North America
Answer:
(A) monsoon Asia

Explanation:
This type of agriculture mentioned requires a lot of water as source for optimal growth of crop.

Class 12 Geography Chapter 5 MCQ Question 7.

An important crop of commercial grain cultivation is:

(A) wheat
(B) sugarcane
(C) cotton
(D) jute
Answer:
(A) wheat

Explanation:
Wheat crops are grown for commercial purpose in many countries.

Primary Activities MCQ Class 12 Question 8.

Mixed farming is practiced in:

(A) developing countries
(B) under developed countries
(C) highly developed countries
(D) undeveloped countries
Answer:
(C) highly developed countries

Explanation:
Mixed farming requires high capital expenditure on farm machinery and skilled and expertised farmers.

Class 12 Primary Activities MCQ Chapter 5 Question 9.

An important plantation crop is :

(A) maize
(B) barley
(C) coffee
(D) wheat
Answer:
(C) coffee

MCQs Of Primary Activities Class 12 Question 10.

The actual development of mining began with the:

(A) Industrial Revolution
(B) Civil War
(C) World Wars
(D) all of the above
Answer:
(A) Industrial Revolution

Explanation:
The Industrial Revolution created a huge demand for coal to power new machines such as the steam-engine.

Class 12 Geography Chapter 5 Primary Activities Question 11.

The open-cast mining is the easiest and the …………….. way of mining minerals.

(A) useless
(B) expensive
(C) cheapest
(D) admirable
Answer:
(C) cheapest

Explanation:
Opencast mining occurs on the surface and does not require heavy and expensive machinery or equipments.

MCQ On Primary Activities Class 12 Question 12.

aims for the large-scale production of ………….. milk or milk products.

(A) Horticulture
(B) Dairy farming
(C) Vermiculture
(D) Sericulture
Answer:
(B) Dairy farming

Explanation:
Dairy farming is a class of agriculture for long-term production of milk, which is processed for eventual sale of a dairy  product.

MCQ Primary Activities Class 12 Chapter 5 Question 13.

The scientific study, cultivation and harvesting of grapes is known as:

(A) Viticulture
(B) Viniculture
(C) Viviculture
(D) Vivuculture
Answer:
(A) Viticulture

Explanation:
Viticulture is the scientific study 1 of grapes, most often with a focus on growth and production.
Note: Viticulture refers to the science, study and production of grapes; whereas viniculture involves the cultivation of grapevines for wine making.

Primary Activities MCQs Chapter 5 Question 14.

In …………. agriculture the vegetation is usually cleared by fire and the ashes add to the fertility of the soil.

(A) slash and burn
(B) burn and leave
(C) commercial
(D) homegrown
Answer:
(A) slash and burn

Explanation:
By this method the farmers can increase the soil’s fertility as the ash of burned 1 vegetation is rich in nutrient.

MCQ Questions For Class 12 Geography Chapter 5 Question 15.

Hunting, agriculture, fishing and mining are:

(A) Primary activities
(B) Secondary activities
(C) Tertiary activities
(D) Quintenary activities
Answer:
(A) Primary activities

Explanation:
Primary activity includes those occupations which are closely related to man’s natural environment. Gathering, hunting, fishing, lumbering, animal rearing, farming and mining are some of important examples of primary activities.

Chapter 5 Geography Class 12 MCQ Question 16.

Why products of gathering cannot compete in the world market?

(A) Close market concept
(B) Availability of less price synthetic products
(C) Use of old technology
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) Availability of less price synthetic products

Explanation:
Synthetic products of better quality and lower prices have replaced many items supplied by gatherers in the tropical forests, unable to face competition. As it is a low technology subsistence activity not much surplus is there.

Geography Class 12 Chapter 5 MCQ Question 17.

Name any area of high latitudes where hunting and food gathering is practiced.

(A) Siachen
(B) Alps
(C) Scandinavian countries
(D) Andies
Answer:
(C) Scandinavian countries

Explanation:
Gathering and hunting are the oldest economic activity known. Gathering is practised in regions with harsh climatic conditions.

Question 18.

The process of migration from plain areas to pastures or mountains during summers and again from mountain pastures to
plain areas during winters is known as:

(A) Transhumance
(B) Transrace
(C) Trans Vance
(D) Transfer
Answer:
(A) Transhumance

Explanation:
Transhumance is the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer.

Question 19.

Mention one factor on which the profitability of mining depends on.

(A) Social factors
(B) Political factors
(C) Physical factors
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(C) Physical factors

Explanation:
The profitability of mining depends on the physical factors include the size, grade and the mode of occurrence of the deposits.

Question 20.

The use of minerals in ancient times was largely confined to the making of:

(A) Tools
(B) utensils
(C) Weapons
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
Option
(D) All of the Above

Question 21.

Overhead costs such as safety precautions and equipment are relatively low in:

(A) Open cast mining
(B) Underground mining
(C) Underwater mining
(D) Digging down mining
Answer:
(A) Open cast mining

Explanation:
The overhead cost is low because the mining happens at the surface level only.

Question 22.

In …………….. mining method vertical shafts have to be sunk, from where under ground galleries radiate to reach the minerals.

(A) Underwater
(B) Underground
(C) Surface
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Underwater

Explanation:
Underground mining is used to extract ore from below the surface of the earth safely. The entry from the surface to an underground mine may be through a horizontal or vertical tunnel, known as a shaft or decline.

Question 23.

Several countries of Africa and few of south America and Asia have over fifty percent of the earnings from alone.

(A) labour
(B) migrant money
(C) minerals
(D) dairy farming
Answer:
(C) minerals

Explanation:
Several countries of Africa, few of South America and Asia extract an immense wealth of minerals, of which its mineral fuels coal, petroleum, and natural gas are of greatest value. These areas are rich in minerals.

Assertion and Reason Based MCQs

Directions : In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the corred explanation of A.
(C) A is true hut R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true.

Question 1.

Assertion (A): People engaged in pr mary activities are called red-collar workers.
Reason (R): This is due to the outdoor nature of their work,

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: Red collar workers activities § include activities such as hunting of animals, gathering of plant products such as fruits and nuts, obtaining minerals, etc.

Question 2.

Assertion (A): The people in the coastal areas still catch fish though fishing has experienced modernisation due to technological progress. Reason (R): Many species, now have become extinct or endangered due to illegal hunting (poaching).

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the corred explanation of A.

Explanation:
The main source of food for people living in coastal area is fish which was abundant there as less of land is available for farming.

Question 3.

Assertion (A): Gathering is the oldest economic activity known.
Reason (R): This type of activity requires a small amount of capital investment and operates at very low level of technology.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
The yield per person is very low and little or no surplus is produced. The I activity is carried out for family need and for commercial purpose.

Question 4.

Assertion (A): In modern times some gathering is market-oriented and has become commercial.
Reason (R): Gatherers collect valuable plants such as leaves, barks of trees and medicinal plants and after simple processing they collect and store the products in the house

Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false.

Explanation:
In modern times some gathering is market-oriented and has become commercial this is because it is helping in generating income and broadening the horizon by interaction with the outside world.

Question 5.

Assertion (A): Agri-business farms are large farms where large scale production takes place.
Reason (R): Therefore, these farms are mechanised as per the latest scientific technology.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
The production in these farms is done for commercial purposes.

Question 6.

Assertion (A): It is true that dairy farming is the most advanced and efficient type of rearing of animals for milk in the world.
Reason (R): This is because it is highly capital as well as labour intensive.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: This is because it is highly capital as well as labour intensive. Special emphasis is laid on cattle breeding, health care and veterinary services. Animal sheds, storage § facilities for fodder, feeding and mulching 1 machines also add to the cost of dairy farming.

Question 7.

Assertion (A): Nomadic herding is also called pastoral nomadism.
Reason (R): It is basically a modern intensive activity, in which herders depend upon animals for food, clothing, shelter, tools and transport.

Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false.

Explanation:
They move from one place to other places with their livestock for the quality of pastures and water. Movement in search of pastures is undertaken either over vast grassland or mountainous regions.

Question 8.

Assertion (A): Market gardening and horticulture specialise in the cultivation of high value crops such as vegetables, fruits and flowers, solely for the urban markets.
Reason (R): It is both labour and capital intensive and lays emphasis on the use of irrigation, HYV seeds, fertilisers, insecticides, greenhouses and artificial heating in colder regions.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the corred explanation of A.

Explanation:
A market gardening and horticulture are the relatively small-scale production of fruits, vegetables and flowers, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants. These farms are located where there are good transportation links with the 1 I urban centre where high-income group of consumers are located.

Question 9.

Assertion (A): A group of farmers forms a cooperative society by pooling in their resources voluntarily for more efficient and profitable farming.
Reason (R): Co-operative societies help farmers, to procure all important inputs of farming, sell the products at the most favorable terms and help in processing quality products at cheaper rates.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Co-operative societies enable farmers to improve product and service quality 1 and reduce risks. In other words, each member cultivates his own land. However, they co-operate with each other for pre-sowing and post-harvesting operation. For instance, they i purchase various agricultural inputs like seeds, fertilizers, insecticides, services of machinery etc. on cooperative basis.

Question 10.

Assertion (A): Mediterranean agriculture is that type found in the areas surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.
Reason(R): These areas have mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers which is suitable for cultivating grapes, olives and other cash crops which are exported to other countries.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Mediterranean agriculture is commercial in nature. Mediterranean agriculture is unique because it is a mixture of diverse bio- cultural activities; both animal husbandry and crop farming.

Question 11.

Assertion (A): Collective farming takes place when there is collective labour and there is social ownership of means of production.
Reason (R): In collective farming, all farm inputs are provided by the rich landlords.

Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false.

Explanation:
In collective farming, all farm inputs are provided by the government. collective farming, farmers pool all their resources though they are allowed to keep a very small plot of land for their own use.

Question 12.

Assertion (A): Commercial livestock rearing is totally opposite to the nomadic herding.
Reason (R): It is more organised and capital intensive, the livestock rearing is practised on permanent ranches.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Explanation:
This kind of rearing fulfills the demands of milk, meat, wool, etc in worldwide. Animal products are traded at a national and 1 international level to earn money.

Case-Based MCQs

I. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow.
Depending on the mode of occurrence and the nature of the ore, mining is of two types: surface and underground mining. The surface mining also known as open-cast mining is the easiest and the cheapest way of mining minerals that occur close to the surface. Overhead costs such as safety precautions and equipment are relatively low in this method. The output is both large and rapid. When the ore lies deep below the surface, underground mining method (shaft method) has to be used.

In this method, vertical shafts have to be sunk, from where underground galleries radiate to reach the minerals. Minerals are extracted and transported to the surface through these passages. It requires specially designed lifts, drills, haulage vehicles, ventilation system for safety and efficient movement of people and material. This method is risky. Poisonous gases, fires, floods and caving in lead to fatal accidents.

The developed economies are retreating from mining, processing and refining stages of production due to high labour costs, while the developing countries with large labour force and striving for higher standard of living are becoming more important. Several countries of Africa and few of south America and Asia have over fifty per cent of the earnings from minerals alone.

Question 1.

What is the other name of surface mining?

(A) Close-cast mining
(B) Open-cast milting
(C) Loose-cast mining
(D) Free-cast mining
Answer:
(B) Open-cast milting

Explanation:
Opencast mining technique is that which extracts minerals from an open pit 1 in the ground.

Question 2.

Which type of mining uses the method of excavating a vertical or near-vertical tunnel from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom?

(A) Shaft mining
(B) Cast mining
(C) Surface mining
(D) Underground mining
Answer:
(A) Shaft mining

Explanation:
The shaft is excavated, or sunk, from the surface downward to a depth somewhat below the deepest planned mining horizon.

Question 3.

Why developed economies are retreating from mining, processing and refining stages of production?

(A) Time consuming
(B) Old and outdated method
(C) High labour cost
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(C) High labour cost

Explanation:
Specialized and skilled labour is required in mining, processing and refining stages of production which is very expensive to hire.

Question 4.

Which type of mining is cheaper, can recover more of the resource, is safer and can use larger-scale mining equipment offering higher production rates.

(A) Surface mining
(B) Underground mining
(C) Shaft mining
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(A) Surface mining

Explanation:
Surface mining is less expensive as there are fewer complications with electricity, 1 machinery, water and labour involved.

II. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Each nomadic community occupies a well-identified territory as a matter of tradition. Pastoral nomadism is associated with three important regions. The core region extends from the Atlantic shores of North Africa east wards across the Arabian Peninsula into Mongolia and Central China. The second region extends over the tundra region of Eurasia. In the southern hemisphere, there are small areas in South-west Africa and on the island of Madagascar.

Movement in search of pastures is undertaken either over vast horizontal distances or vertically from one elevation to another in the mountainous regions. The process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during summers and again from mountain pastures to plain are as during winters is known as transhumance. In mountain

regions, such as Himalayas, Gujjars, Bakarwals, Gaddis and Bhotiyas migrate from plains to the mountains in summers and to the plains from the high altitude pastures in winters. Similarly, in the tundra regions, the nomadic herders move from south to north in summers and from north to south in winters.

Question 1.

Why each nomadic community occupies a well- identified territory?

(A) As a matter of tradition
(B) As a matter of division
(C) As a matter of enmity
(D) As a matter of segregation
Answer:
(A) As a matter of tradition

Question 2.

Why do nomadic communities move from one place to another?

(A) Due to change in season
(B) As a part of their traditional habits
(C) Due to terrorist threat
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(A) Due to change in season

Explanation:
Nomads move from one area to another to earn their living. Their main occupation is cattle rearing for which they need availability of water and pastures for grazing their animals. When the water and pasture get depleted they move again and keep repeating the cycle.

Question 3.

Where are Gaddi tribe found?

(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Jammu and Kashmir
(C) Uttarakhand
(D) Uttar Pradesh
Answer:
(B) Jammu and Kashmir

Explanation:
The Gaddi tribe have been living in various parts of J&K since the time of partition.

Question 4.

In which region the nomadic herders move from south to north in summers and from north to south in winters?

(A) Taiga
(B) Tundra
(C) Equatorial
(D) Polar
Answer:
(B) Tundra

Explanation:
The movement from south to north in summers and north to south in winters happens due to change in season and in search of greener pastures.

III. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:

Subsistence agriculture dominated by wet paddy cultivation:
This type of agriculture is characterised by dominance of the rice crop. Land holdings are very small due to the high density of population. Farmers work with the help of family labour leading to intensive use of land. Use of machinery is limited and most of the agricultural operations are done by manual labour. Farm yard manure is used to maintain the fertility of the soil. In this type of agriculture, the yield per unit area is high but per labour productivity is low.

Question 1.

Intensive subsistence agriculture dominated by wet paddy is practiced in which area?

(A) Southeast Asia
(B) Africa
(C) Antarctica
(D) Russia
Answer:
(A) Southeast Asia

Explanation:
Southeast Asia experiences good amount of rainfall which is required for paddy cultivation.

Question 2.

Why is wet paddy farming subsistence?

(A) Historically communities grew rice for themselves
(B) Less market demands
(C) Low consumption globally
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Historically communities grew rice for themselves

Explanation:
Wet paddy farming is subsistence because historically communities grew rice for themselves and this lead to a way of life that has lasted more many years.

Question 3.

State one advantage of wet paddy farming.

(A) Saves time
(B) Helps to promote water percolation
(C) Only grown for family
(D) Does not need Sun
Answer:
(B) Helps to promote water percolation

Explanation:
Water requirement of paddy fields is around 3000 mm. Seepage from irrigation canals and deep percolation from paddy fields 1 raise local groundwater table, and it functions 1 as water source for upland fields surrounding the paddy fields.

Question 4.

……………. is a decomposed mixture of Cattle dung and urine with straw and litter.

(A) Organic manure
(B) Inorganic manure
(C) Farm yard manure
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(C) Farm yard manure

Explanation:
Farmyard manure refers to the decomposed mixture of dung and urine of farm animals along with litter and left-over material from roughages or fodder fed to the a cattle.

MCQ Questions for Class 12 Geography with Answers