Secondary Activities Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Secondary Activities Class 12 MCQ Chapter 6 Question 1.
Under the …………….. method, factories produce only a few pieces which are made-to-order
(A) cast
(B) craft
(C) cut
(D) cost
Answer:
(B) craft
Explanation:
The craft method is the manufacturing process of making products, one by one, by hands or with or without the aid of tools, usually in a job shop manufacturing setting. Craft production was the most common method of manufacturing pre-industrialization, such as when making pottery by hand.
Secondary Activities Class 12 MCQs Chapter 6 Question 2.
Aircraft and arms industry have a:
(A) local market
(B) defence market
(C) global market
(D) rural market
Answer:
(C) global market
Explanation:
The arms industry, is a global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology, and is a 8 major component of the military-industrial complex. Similarly aircraft industry provides the only rapid worldwide transportation g network, which makes it essential for global business. It generates economic growth, creates jobs, and facilitates international trade and tourism.
Class 12 Geography Chapter 6 MCQ Question 3.
……………… add value to natural resources by transforming raw materials into valuable products.
(A) Primary activities
(B) Secondary activities
(C) Tertiary activities
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer:
(B) Secondary activities
Explanation:
For instance cotton in the ball has limited use but after it is transformed into yarn it becomes more valuable and can be used for making clothes. Thus by various processes, secondary activities add value to natural products.
MCQ Questions For Class 12 Geography Chapter 6 Question 4.
Industries which use more power are located close to the source of the:
(A) energy supply
(B) communication supply
(C) labour supply
(D) All of these
Answer:
(A) energy supply
Explanation:
Today hydroelectricity and petroleum are some of the important sources of energy for many industries. Industries which use more power are located near such sources so that there is an uninterrupted supply of energy and the production process is not hampered.
Secondary Activities MCQ Chapter 6 Class 12 Question 5.
The smallest unit of manufacturing is the:
(A) cottage industry
(B) agricultural industry
(C) chemical industry
(D) IT industry
Answer:
(A) cottage industry
Explanation:
The household industry is the smallest unit of manufacturing, also known as a cottage industry. It is basically run by creative individuals or craftsmen who are assisted by their family members in their home.
Secondary Activities MCQ Class 12 Chapter 6 Question 6.
Paper and medicine are industries based on:
(A) mining
(B) extracting
(C) forest
(D) rain
Answer:
(C) forest
Explanation:
All industries which derive their raw materials from the forests or plant life are called forests-based industries.
Question 7.
Computer and chemicals are examples of:
(A) high -tech industries
(B) agriculture based industries
(C) private sector industries
(D) small scale industry
Answer:
(C) private sector industries
Explanation:
Computer and chemical industries are characterized by neatly spaced, low, modern, dispersed, office-plant-lab type buildings rather than massive assembly structures, factories and storage areas. This marks them as the high-tech industrial . These industries also make use of the latest technology, mathematics and science.
Question 8.
Small-scale industries uses:
(A) local raw materials
(B) no raw materials
(C) imported raw materials
(D) high technology
Answer:
(A) local raw materials
Explanation:
Small-scale industries generally restrict their operation to local areas in order to meet the local and regional demands of the people. They cannot enlarge their business activities due to limited resources.
Question 9.
Why are the large integrated steel industries located close to the source of raw material?
(A) Labour is easily available
(B) Saves on the transportation cost
(C) The raw materials are weight losing
(D) Both (B) and (C)
Answer:
(D) Both (B) and (C)
Explanation:
The raw materials essential for Iron and Steel Industry are iron-ore, coking coal, limestone, dolomite, manganese and fire clay. Because all these raw materials are weight losing, therefore, the Iron and Steel industry should be located near the source of raw materials. Moreover, nearness to the sources of raw materials would reduce the cost of transportation of the industry. For most of 1 the major industries, the cost of raw materials forms the bulk of the total cost.
Question 10.
What are the characteristics of modern large-scale manufacturing?
(A) Mechanization
(B) Technological innovations
(C) Uneven geographic distribution
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(D) All of the Above
Question 11.
How does transport and communication play an important role in the development of industries?
(A) Carry raw material to the factory
(B) Move finished goods to the market
(C) Access to local and international markets
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(D) All of the Above
Explanation:
Without physical access to resources and markets, economic growth and development of industries would not be possible. Transport facilitates the movement of people, goods, services and resources. Communication improves access to local and international markets which gives a boost to the trade between the countries.
Question 12.
Which industry is known as foot loose industry?
(A) Sugarcane
(B) Cotton
(C) Petroleum
(D) Packaging
Answer:
(B) Cotton
Explanation:
In the cotton industry ginning, the thread whirling, and weaving was controlled and maintained by diverse states and masters. Henceforth it is called the footloose industry.
Question 13.
How are industries characterised on the basis raw material?
(A) Agro based industries
(B) Mineral based industries
(C) IT based industries
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer:
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Explanation:
Agro based industries draw their raw materials from agricultural products while Mineral based draw their raw material from minerals.
Question 14.
Why agri-business farms are mechanised and large in size?
(A) They are commercial in nature
(B) They are meant for small community
(C) They are primitive in nature
(D) They are non- profitable
Answer:
(A) They are commercial in nature
Explanation:
Agri-business farms are large farms where large scale production takes place. Therefore, these farms are mechanised as per the latest scientific technology. The production in these farms is done for commercial purposes,
Question 15.
What problems did the Ruhr Industrial Region face?
(A) Decline in demand of coal
(B) Industrial waste
(C) Pollution
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(D) All of the Above
Explanation:
Changes in ………….. the industrial structure as the demand for coal declined, led to the decay of this region. This area also faced other problems related to industrial waste g disposal and pollution.
Question 16.
Give examples of animal-based industries.
(A) Flower industry
(B) Dairy industry
(C) Leather industry
(D) Both (B) and (C)
Answer:
(D) Both (B) and (C)
Explanation:
Dairy industry is associated with the production of milk, which is processed for eventual sale of a dairy product. The raw material used in leather industry is derived from the waste product of food industry, specifically from meat processing.
Assertion and Reason Based MCQs
Directions: In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true.
Question 1.
Assertion (A): The household industry is the smallest unit of manufacturing, also known as a cottage industry.
Reason (R): It is basically run by creative individuals or craftsmen who are assisted by their family members in their home.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
The household industry is run by 3 the head of the household himself herself and or by the members of the household at home 1 or within the village in rural areas, and only 3 within the precincts of the house where the household lived in urban areas.
Question 2.
Assertion (A): High technology is the latest generation of manufacturing activities.
Reason (R): High technology industries are regionally concentrated, self- sustained and highly specialised.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
High technology is best understood as the application of intensive research and development efforts leading to the manufacturing products of an advanced scientific and engineering character.
Question 3.
Assertion (A): Industries should be located at points where the production costs are minimum
Reason (R): Industries maximise profits by reducing costs.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
If an industry can reduce costs by optimizing the supply chain of market, labour, raw material , manufacturing operations and facilities without having an impact on quality, sales price or sales volume, that provides a 1 path to higher profitability.
Question 4.
Assertion (A): Foot loose industries can be located in a wide variety of places.
Reason (R): Gatherers collect valuable plants such as leaves, barks of trees and medicinal plants and after simple processing they collect and store the products in the house.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Footloose industries can be established at any place. These industries are affected by component parts and they are available at all places. These industries produce their products in small numbers and they do f I not require a large labour force.
Question 5.
Assertion (A): Public Sector Industries are owned and managed by governments.
Reason (R): Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) , etc are public sector industries.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Public sector organisations are owned by the government. They provide goods and services for the benefit of the community. They are run by the government.
Question 6.
Assertion (A): Joint sector industries are managed by joint stock companies.
Reason (R): Sometimes only the public sectors establish and manage the industries.
Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
Joint sector industries are owned jointly by the government and private individuals who have contributed to the capital. In joint sector, both public sector and private sector join hands to establish new enterprise. It combines merits of both public and private sector.
Question 7.
Assertion (A): The Ruhr region is one of the major industrial regions of Europe for a long time.
Reason (R): The Ruhr region is responsible for 80 percent of Germany’s total steel production.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
The Ruhr valley is a major industrial and mining region. The Ruhr coalfield is one of the world’s largest, and, although production had been curtailed sharply by the 21st century, it holds the bulk of Germany’s proven bituminous a coal reserves.
Question 8.
Assertion (A): A smoke stack industry is a traditional heavy manufacturing industry that produces large items or inputs into other industries.
Reason (R): Examples include cars, shipbuilding, steel and other metals, chemicals, and heavy machinery.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Smokestack industries are based
on heavy industry, often located near coal fields and engaged in metals melting, heavy engineering, chemical manufacture or textile production.
Case-Based MCQs
I. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Small scale manufacturing is distinguished from household industries by its production techniques and place of manufacture (a workshop outside the home/cottage of the producer). This type of manufacturing uses local raw material, simple power-driven machines and semi-skilled labour. It provides employment and raises local purchasing power. Therefore, countries like India, China, Indonesia and Brazil, etc. have developed labour-intensive small-scale manufacturing in order to provide employment to their population.
Question 1.
How are small scale industries distinguished from household industries?
(A) On the basis of production techniques
(B) On the basis of place of manufacturing
(C) On the basis of market demand
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Answer:
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Explanation:
While small-scale industries produce goods with mechanised equipment employing outside labour, the cottage industries involve operations mostly by hand which are carried on primarily with the help of the members of the family. A cottage industry is one which is carried on wholly or primarily with the help of members of the family either, as a whole or part- time occupation. A small-scale industry, on the other hand, is one which is operated mainly with hired labour, usually employing 10 to 50 persons.
Question 2.
In small scale industries the manufacturing is done on :
(A) Large scale
(B) Micro scale
(C) Macro scale
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) Micro scale
Explanation:
The investment in small scale industries is done one time on machinery, plant, and equipment, but it does not exceed Rs. 10 crore.
Question 3.
Which is the correct example of small-scale industry?
(A) Leather industry
(B) Pickle making
(C) Beverages
(D) Computer making
Answer:
(B) Pickle making
Explanation:
The pickle making business does not require much investment since the demands of the business are minimal. The man power employed is not as high as large scale industry and not much specialised skill is required.
Question 4.
What type of raw material is used in small -scale industries?
(A) High cost
(B) locally available
(C) Skilled material
(D) Imported material
Answer:
(B) locally available
Explanation:
Small scale industries use local and readily available resources which helps the economy fully utilise natural resources with minimum wastage.
II. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Cotton textile industry has three sub-sectors i.e. handloom, power loom and mill sectors. Handloom sector is labour-intensive and provides employment to semi-skilled workers. It requires small capital investment. The power loom sector introduces machines and becomes less labour intensive and the volume of production increases.
Cotton textile mill sector is highly capital intensive and produces fine clothes in bulk. Cotton textile manufacturing requires good quality cotton as raw material. India, China, U.S.A, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Egypt produces more than half of tire world’s raw cotton. The U.K, NW European countries and Japan also produce cotton textile made from imported yarn.
Europe alone accounts for nearly half of the world’s cotton imports. The industry has to face very stiff competition with synthetic fibres hence it has now shown a declining trend in many countries. With the scientific advancement and technological improvements, the structure of industries changes. For example, Germany recorded constant growth in cotton textile industry since Second World War till the seventies but now it has declined. It has shifted to less developed countries where labour costs are low.
Question 1.
How many sub sectors does the cotton industry have?
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) Five
Answer:
(A) Two
Explanation:
Cotton cloth is produced in three different sectors viz., Mills, Power-looms and Handlooms. The mill sector played a dominant role in cotton textile industry at the 1 initial stage. But its importance was reduced drastically with the growth of powerlooms and handloom.
The production of cloth as well as generation of employment has been rapidly increasing in powerloom sector. This sector not only contributes significantly to the cloth production in the country but also provides employment to millions of people. The handloom sector provides employment to over 65 lakh persons engaged in weaving and allied activities.
Question 2.
The cotton sector in India is considered the most developed sector in the textile industry.
(A) second
(B) third
(C) fourth
(D) fifth
Answer:
(A) second
Explanation:
At present, cotton sector is largest organised and second most developed industry of India. There has been a phenomenal growth of this industry during the last four decades. About 16 per cent of the industrial capital and over 20 per cent of the industrial labour of the country is engaged in this industry. The total employment in this industry is well over 15 million workers.
Question 3.
State one major requirement for the establishment of cotton industry.
(A) Foreign investment
(B) Imported machinery
(C) Skilled labour
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(C) Skilled labour
Explanation: Skilled labours will enable the 1 cotton industry to improve its efficiency, quality and ultimately increase its output.
Question 4.
Why has cotton textile industry shifted to less developed countries?
(A) Due to less demand
(B) Due to low cost of labour
(C) Due to surplus electricity
(D) Due to constant water supply
Ans.
(B) Due to low cost of labour
Explanation:
Cotton textile industry has been shifted to less developed countries due to availability of low cost labour .
III. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Household industries are the smallest manufacturing units. The artisans use local raw materials and simple tools to produce everyday goods in their homes with the help of their family members or part-time labour. Finished products may be for consumption in the same household or, for sale in local (village) markets, or, for barter. Capital and transportation do not wield much influence as this type of manufacturing has low commercial significance and most of the tools are devised locally.
Some common everyday products produced in this sector of manufacturing include foodstuffs, fabrics, mats, containers, tools, furniture, shoes, and figurines from woodlot and forest, shoes, thongs and other articles from leather; pottery and bricks from clays and stones. Goldsmiths make jewellery of gold, silver and bronze. Some artefacts and crafts are made out of bamboo, wood obtained locally from the forests.
Question 1.
What is other name of household industries?
(A) Hut industries
(B) Cottage industries
(C) Export industries
(D) Electrical industries
Answer:
(B) Cottage industries
Explanation:
These are also known as cottage industries and are organised by individuals with private resources and with the help of household members. They use locally available resources and skills.
Question 2.
Household industries are conducted by:
(A) Entire community
(B) One or two members of the household
(C) Skilled professionals
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) One or two members of the household
Explanation:
Household industry is conducted by the head of household himself and or mainly by members of the house-hold at home.
Question 3.
Which one is the example of household industries?
(A) Electrical appliances
(B) Shoe manufacturing
(C) Basket weaving
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(C) Basket weaving
Explanation:
In basket weaving the items are produced by hand, by the craftsmen operating from their own house.
Question 4.
Production in household industries takes place in:
(A) Small quantities
(B) Big quantities
(C) Exponentially large quantities
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Small quantities
Explanation:
Household industries produce in small quantity with small labour force as the f demand and capital investment is relatively low