Population Composition Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Human Development Class 12 MCQ Questions Question 1.
Development means:
(A) a qualitative change which is always value positive.
(B) a qualitative change which is always value negative.
(C) a quantitative change which is always value positive.
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) a qualitative change which is always value positive.
Explanation:
Development is basically a concept that has positive connotations .It involves the application of certain economic and technical measures to utilize available resources to instigate economic growth and improve people’s quality of life.
Human Development MCQ Chapter 4 Question 2.
A country’s level of development is measured only in terms of its:
(A) medical growth
(B) economic growth
(C) human growth
(D) migratory growth
Answer:
(B) economic growth
Explanation:
A country’s level of development is measured by its income per capita income, the level of industrialization, the general standard g of living, and the amount of technological infrastructure that has developed there.
Human Development MCQ Class 12 Question 3.
Both growth and …………. refer to changes over a period of time.
(A) prosperity
(B) happiness
(C) development
(D) progress
Answer:
(C) development
Human Development Class 12 MCQ Chapter 4 Question 4.
Access to …………… health and education are the key areas in human development.
(A) resources
(B) transport
(C) politics
(D) ministers
Answer:
(A) resources
Explanation:
The key areas of human development are health, housing and access to resources.
MCQ Of Human Development Class 12 Question 5.
Income Approach …………. is:
(A) one of the oldest approaches to human development.
(B) one of the recent approaches to human development.
(C) one of the latest approaches to human development.
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(A) one of the oldest approaches to human development.
Explanation:
Income approach is one of the oldest approaches to human development. Human development is seen as being linked to income. refers to making equal access to opportunities available to everybody.
Class 12 Geography Chapter 4 MCQ Question 6.
………….. refers to making equal access to opportunifies available to everybody.
(A) Empowerment
(B) Equity
(C) sustainability
(D) Development
Answer:
(B) Equity
Explanation:
The opportunities available to people should be equal irrespective of their caste, colour, creed, race or income.
Class 12 Geography Chapter 4 Human Development MCQ Questions Question 7.
means continuity in the availability of opportunities.
(A) Productivity
(B) Empowerment
(C) Sustainability
(D) Security
Answer:
(C) Sustainability
Explanation:
To have sustainable human development each generation must have equal opportunities.
Class 12 Geography Human Development MCQ Question 8.
Higher the level of income:
(A) the higher is the level of human development.
(B) the lower is the level of human development.
(C) the stagnant is the level of human development.
(D) The high the level of immigration flow.
Answer:
(A) the higher is the level of human development.
Explanation:
The idea is that the level of income reflects the level of freedom an individual enjoys. Higher the level of income, the higher is the level of human development.
Class 12 Human Development MCQ Question 9.
…………. here means human labour productivity or productivity in terms of human work.
(A) Empowerment
(B) Productivity
(C) Equity
(D) Employment
Answer:
(B) Productivity
Human Development MCQ Class 12th Question 10.
……………. measures the shortfall in human development.
(A) Poverty index
(B) Human development index
(C) GDP
(D) Happiness Index
Answer:
(A) Poverty index
Human Development MCQs Chapter 4 Class 12 Question 11.
The human poverty index is related to the:
(A) GDP
(B) human development index
(C) human growth index
(D) human immigration index
Answer:
(B) human development index
Explanation:
Human poverty index is related to the HDI as it is a composite index which assesses three elements of deprivation in a country – longevity, knowledge and a decent standard of living.
Human Development MCQs Class 12 Question 12.
Countries with high human development index are those which have a score of:
(A) about 0.8
(B) below 0.8
(C) over 0.8
(D) not even close to 0.8
Answer:
(C) over 0.8
Explanation:
Countries with higher scores on the index are said to be better developed than those with lower scores. These countries have better standards of living.
MCQ Questions For Class 12 Geography Chapter 4 Question 13.
Countries with medium development have:
(A) 90 countries in it
(B) 41 countries in it
(C) 100 countries in it
(D) 51 countries in it
Answer:
(B) 41 countries in it
Explanation:
Countries with medium levels of human development means that these countries have higher life expectancy.
MCQ On Human Development Class 12 Question 14.
The concept of human development was introduced by:
(A) Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq
(B) Nelson Mandela
(C) Mao Zedong
(D) Winston Churchill
Answer:
(A) Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq
Human Development Class 12 MCQs Chapter 4 Question 15.
Growth is:
(A) Quantitative
(B) Qualitative
(C) Selective
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(A) Quantitative
Explanation:
Growth is the expansion of population which is measurable and is always quantitative.
Human Development Chapter 4 Class 12 MCQ Question 16.
Development is :
(A) Quantitative
(B) negative
(C ) Qualitative
(D) Not preferable
Answer:
(C ) Qualitative
Explanation:
Development means a qualitative improvement which is always value positive,
Human Development Geography Class 12 MCQ Question 17.
Leading a long and healthy life, being able to gain knowledge and having enough means to be able to live a decent life are the
most important aspects of:
(A) human development
(B) human acceptance
(C) human care
(D) human nature
Answer:
(A) is correct.
Explanation:
Physical, intellectual, emotional and social aspects are the areas of human development. mean to have the power to make choices and such power comes from increasing freedom and capability.
Human Development Class 12th MCQ Question 18.
……………. mean o have the power to make choices and such power cornes from increasing freedom and capability. ti.
(A) Empowerment
(B) Enrolment
(C) Enrichment
(D) Enlightenment
Answer:
(A) Empowerment
Explanation:
Empowerment is a process and an outcome. The process through which people attain knowledge and skills that will allow them to first acknowledge the need for a change, and then change something about their lives.
Geography Chapter 4 Class 12 MCQ Question 19.
Match and arrange column II with Column I.
| Column I HDI | Column I Percentage |
| (i) Very High | 1. Between 0.550 up to 0.700 |
| (ii) High | 2. Above 0.800 |
| (iii) Medium | 3. Between 0.701 up to 0.799 |
| (iv) Low | 4. BeLow 0.549 |
Options :
(A) (i)-2, (ii)-3, (iii)-l, (iv)-4
(B) (i)-4,(ii)-l,(iii)-2,(iv)-3
(C) (i)-2,(ii)-3, (iii)-4, (iv)-l
(D) (i)-l, (ii)-2, (iii)-3, (iv)-4
Answer:
(A) (i)-2, (ii)-3, (iii)-l, (iv)-4
MCQ Of Chapter 4 Human Development Class 12 Question 20.
approach looks at human beings as beneficiaries or targets of all development activities.
(A) Welfare
(B) Capability
(C) Income
(D) Basic needs
Answer:
(B) Capability
Explanation:
This approach argues for higher j government expenditure on education, health, social secondary and amenities. People are not participants in development but only passive recipients.
Question 21.
The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year is known as:
(A) Total life lived
(B) Life expectancy
(C) Life span
(D) Life limit
Answer:
(B) Life expectancy
Explanation:
Life expectancy is based on an estimate of the average age that members of a particular population group will be when they die
Question 22.
Arrange the countries from highest to lowest in terms of Gross National Happiness Index:
(i) Iceland
(ii) Denmark
(iii) Finland
(iv) Switzerland Options:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) iii, ii, iv, i
(C) iv, ii, iii, i
(D) iii, iv, i, ii
Answer:
(B) iii, ii, iv, i
Explanation:
Finland has low crime rate and people feel safe, secure, and happier. Finland % also has a universal health care system which a significant factor in how happy its citizens feel.
Question 23.
Arrange the countries from highest HDI to lowest HDI.
(i) Norway
(ii) Ireland
(iii) Switzerland
(iv) Hongkong
Options:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) ii, iii, i, iv
(C) iv, i, ii, iii
(D) ii, iv, ii, i
Answer:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
Explanation:
A well-functioning and relatively uncorrupted state. A high level of economic development, good medical facilities have helped Norway have the highest HDI.
Question 24.
The adult literacy rate and the gross enrolment ratio represent access to:
(A) knowledge
(B) resources
(C) world
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) knowledge
Explanation:
The number of adults who are able to read and write and the number of children enrolled in schools show how easy or difficult it is to access knowledge in a particular country.
Assertion and Reason Based MCQs
Directions: In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true.
Question 1.
Assertion (A): Development occurs when positive growth takes place.
Reason (R): Development occurs when there is a positive change in quality.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Development occurs when there is a positive change in quality over a time frame. Although development is always influenced by growth but only in the case of positive and qualitative growth.
Question 2.
Assertion (A): The basic goal of development is to create conditions where people can live meaningful lives.
Reason (R): People are central to all development.
Answer
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Human development is defined as the process of enlarging people’s freedoms f and opportunities and improving their well being. The main aim of development is to create a situation and environment where people get meaningful lives.
Question 3.
Assertion (A): The term ‘development’ refers to a qualitative growth that is always value positive.
Reason (R): It occurs when there is a positive change in quality over a time frame. IBJ
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Although development is always influenced by growth but only in the case of positive and qualitative growth, e.g. if a child grows by height but is not mentally able, then growth is not accompanied with development.
Question 4.
Assertion (A): Development refers to qualitative changes and its value is always positive.
Reason (R): This is because development cannot take place unless there is an increase or a rise in existing conditions thus
leading to positive changes.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Question 5.
Assertion (A): A meaningful life is not just a long one.
Reason (R): It must be a life with some purpose.
Answer
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
This means that people must be healthy, be able to develop their talents, participate in society and be free to achieve their goals.
Question 6.
Assertion (A): To have sustainable human development, each generation must have the same opportunities.
Reason (R): Misuse of any of these resources will lead to fewer opportunities for future generations.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
All environmental, financial and j human resources must be used keeping in mind the future.
Question 7.
Assertion (A): Efforts should be made to increase people’s knowledge, provide better health facilities ultimately leading to better work efficiency.
Reason (R): It is people who are the real wealth of nations.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Question 8.
Assertion (A): Equity refers to making equal access to opportunities available to everybody.
Reason (R): The opportunities available to people must not be equal irrespective of their gender, race, income and in the Indian case, caste.
Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
The basic idea is to ensure equitable distribution of opportunity to every individual, so they can exercise their choice without any hindrance.
Question 9.
Assertion (A): The human poverty index is related to the human development index.
Reason (R): This index measures the shortfall in human development.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Question 10.
Assertion (A): Level of income reflects the level of freedom an individual enjoys.
Reason(R): Higher the level of income, the higher is the level of human development.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Strong income growth advances if human development, which, in turn, promotes economic growth.
Question 11.
Assertion (A): People are not participants in development but only passive recipients in welfare approach.
Reason (R): The government is responsible for increasing levels of human development by maximising expenditure on welfare.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Question 12.
Assertion (A): Size of the territory and per capita income are not directly related to human development.
Reason (R): Often smaller countries have done better than larger ones in human development.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
For example, Sri Lanka, Trinidad and Tobago have a higher rank than India in the human development index despite having smaller economies.
Case-Based MCQs
I. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
The concept of human development was introduced by Dr. Mahbub-ul-HaQuestion Dr Haq has described human development as development that enlarges people’s choices and improves their lives. People are central to all development under this concept. These choices are not fixed but keep on changing.
The basic goal of development is to create conditions where people can live meaningful lives. A meaningful life is not just a long one. It must be a life with some purpose. This means that people must be healthy, be able to develop their talents, participate in society and be free to achieve their goals.
Question 1.
According to Dr. Haq’s concept of human development, who is central to all development?
(A) Countries
(B) Continents
(C) People
(D) Policies
Answer:
(C) People
Question 2.
How does HDI help the United Nations?
(A) Helps to determine which country needs assistance
(B) Helps to determine which country is economical strong
(C) Helps to determine which country has dictatorship
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Helps to determine which country needs assistance
Explanation:
The HDI is a measurement system used by the United Nations to evaluate the level of individual human development in each country.
Question 3.
Why is Human Development information important?
(A) Measure’s development of a country
(B) Measure’s the progress made in terms of government policies
(C) Measure death rate
(D) Measure countries import and export
Answer:
(A) Measure’s development of a country
Explanation:
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical tool used to measure a country’s overall achievement in its social and economic dimensions.
Question 4.
State one important means to Human Development rather an end in itself?
(A) Income growth
(B) Emigration
(C) Migration
(D) Birth rate
Answer:
(A) Measure’s development of a country
Explanation:
Income growth is seen as a means i to development, rather than an end in itself. Human development is about giving people more freedom and opportunities to live lives they value.
II. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
The human development index (HDI) ranks the countries based on their performance in the key areas of health, education and access to resources. These rankings are based on a score between 0 to 1 that a country earns from its record in the key areas of human development. The indicator chosen to assess health is the life expectancy at birth. A higher life expectancy means that people have a greater chance of living longer and healthier lives. The adult literacy rate and the gross enrolment ratio represent access to knowledge.
The number of adults who are able to read and write and the number of children enrolled in schools show how easy or difficult it is to access knowledge in a particular country. Access to resources is measured in terms of purchasing power (in U.S. dollars). Each of these dimensions is given a weightage of 1/3. The human development index is a sum total of the weights assigned to all these dimensions. The closer a score is to one, the greater is the level of human development.
Therefore, a score of 0.983 would be considered very high while 0.268 would mean a very low level of human development. The human development index measures attainments in human development. It reflects what has been achieved in the key areas of human development. Yet it is not the most reliable measure. This is because it does not say anything about the distribution. The human poverty index is related to the human development index. This index measures the shortfall in human development.
Question 1.
The ranks the countries based on their performance in the key areas of health, education and access to resources.
(A) HDI
(B) HMI
(C) GDP
(D) GHI
Answer:
(A) HDI
Explanation:
The human development approach focuses on improving the lives people lead rather than assuming that g economic growth will lead, automatically, to greater opportunities for all.
Question 2.
A …………… life expectancy means that people have a greater chance of living longer and healthier lives.
(A) Lower
(B) Higher
(C) Medium
(D) Stagnant
Answer:
(B) Higher
Explanation:
The higher the life expectancy, the better shape a country is in.
Question 3.
How is access to resources measured?
(A) In terms of selling power
(B) In terms of purchasing power
(C) In terms of government control
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) In terms of purchasing power
Question 4.
What is the indicator of the poverty of community in a country?
(A) Individual Poverty Index
(B) Human Poverty Index
(C) Country Poverty Index
(D) Personal Poverty Index
Answer:
(B) Human Poverty Index
Explanation:
Human Poverty Index was developed by the United Nations to complement the Human Development Index.
III. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Equity refers to making equal access to opportunities available to everybody. The opportunities available to people must be equal irrespective of their gender, race, income and in the Indian case, caste. Yet this is very often not the case and happens in almost every society. For example, in any country, it is interesting to see which group the most of the school dropouts belong to. This should then lead to an understanding of the reasons for such behaviour.
In India, a large number of women and persons belonging to socially and economically backward groups drop out of school. This shows that the choices of these groups get limited by not having access to knowledge. Sustainability means continuity in the availability of opportunities. To have sustainable human development, each generation must have the same opportunities. All environmental, financial and human resources must be used keeping in mind the future.
Misuse of any of these resources will lead to fewer opportunities for future generations. A good example is about the importance of sending girls to school. If a community does not stress the importance of sending its girlchildren to school, many opportunities will be lost to these young women when they grow up. Their career choices will be severely curtailed and this would affect other aspects of their lives. So, each generation must ensure the availability of choices and opportunities to its future generations.
Productivity here means human labour productivity or productivity in terms of human work. Such productivity must be constantly enriched by building capabilities in people. Ultimately, it is people who are the real wealth of nations. Therefore, efforts to increase their knowledge, or provide better health facilities ultimately leads to better work efficiency.
Question 1.
comes from the idea of moral equality.
(A) Morality
(B) Equity
(C) Opportunities
(D) Curtesy
Answer:
(B) Equity
Question 2.
Why do we need equity?
(A) To create true equality of opportunity
(B) To create education opportunity
(C) To create sustainability opportunity
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) To create true equality of opportunity
Explanation:
In order to create true equality of opportunity, equity is needed to ensure that everyone has the same chance of getting there.
Question 3.
What are the goals of sustainable development?
(A) economic growth
(B) environmental stewardship
(C) social inclusion
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(D) All of the Above
Explanation:
Eradicate poverty and hunger, Universal access to basic services such as water, sanitation and sustainable energy. Supporting the generation of development opportunities through inclusive education and decent work are the various goals of sustainable development.
Question 4.
What does productivity refer to within the concept of Human Development?
(A) Power to make choices
(B) Human labour productivity
(C) Environmental growth
(D) Educational opportunities
Answer:
(B) Human labour productivity
Explanation: Productivity within the concept of Human Development means human labour productivity or productivity in terms of human work.
