CBSE Class 6

In the Earliest Cities Class 6 History Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science SST History Chapter 4 In the Earliest Cities.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 6 History Chapter 4 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 6 History Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers In the Earliest Cities

In the Earliest Cities Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer History Chapter 3 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Where is Harappa situated in present-day?
Answer:
At Present, Harappa is situated in Pakistan.

Question 2.
When was the first time railway lines was laid down in Punjab?
Answer:
About 150 years ago.

Question 3.
What material was used for the making the walls of Harappa?
Answer:
Ready-made high-quality bricks were used in the walls of Harappa.

Question 4.
What did archaeologists realize about the Harappa?
Answer:
Archaeologists realized that Harappa is one of the oldest cities in the subcontinent.

Question 5.
When were Harappan cities developed?
Answer:
Harappan cities were developed about 4700 years ago.

Question 6.
Where were Harappan cities found, gives the names of places.
Answer:
Harappan cities were found in the Punjab and Sind in Pakistan, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana and in Punjab (India).

Question 7.
In how many parts Harappan cities have been divided into?
Answer:
These have been divided into two or more parts.

Question 8.
What was the west part called?
Answer:
West part was known as “citadel”. This part was smaller but higher.

Question 9.
How was eastern part described?
Answer:
It was larger but lower.

Question 10.
What was used in the walls of cities?
Answer:
Baked bricks were used in the walls of the Harappan cities.

Question 11.
What was the pattern adopted in the use of bricks and why?
Answer:
In the use of bricks, interlocking pattern was adopted and because of interlocking pattern, the walls were strong.

Question 12.
In which city was the special tank (Great Bath) found?
Answer:
A special tank which is called the Great Bath was found in Mohenjodaro.

Question 13.
What was the use of tank found in Mohenjodaro?
Answer:
The tank found in Mohenjodaro was perhaps used by the important people and they took a dip on the special occasions.

Question 14.
Where were sacrifices performed?
Answer:
In Lothal and Kalibangan sacrifices may have been performed.

Question 15.
Where did we find elaborated storehouses?
Answer:
Some cities like Mohenjodaro, Harappa and Lothal had elaborate storehouses.

Question 16.
Who planned the Harappan cities?
Answer:
It was likely that rulers planned the city.

Question 17.
Why were people sent to distant places and who sent them?
Answer:
People were sent to distant places to get metal, precious stones and other things. Rulers sent them for their own purposes.

Question 18.
Rulers kept the most valuable objects. Give their names.
Answer:
Rulers have kept the most valuable objects such as ornaments of gold and silver or beautiful beads for themselves.

Question 19.
Who was ‘scribes’?
Answer:
The people who knew the writing and helped prepare the seals and likely wrote on other materials were known as ‘scribes’.

Question 20.
What did they made from bronze and copper?
Answer:
They made tools, weapons, vessels etc., from bronze and copper.

Question 21.
What was the use of gold and silver?
Answer:
Both were considered as precious metals and used to make ornaments and vessels.

Question 22.
What were the things that made the archaeologists surprised?
Answer:
In the Harappan cities, beads, weights and blades were found which surprised the archaeologists.

Question 23.
How were the Harappan pots?
Answer:
The pots were baked earthen with beautiful black designs.

Question 24.
How were the stone weights made of ?
Answer:
Stone weights were made of chert-a kind of stone.

Question 25.
What do you understand about ‘carnelian’?
Answer:
Carnelian was a beautiful stone and was used to make beads.

Question 26.
What was used to spin the thread?
Answer:
Spindle whorls were used to spin the thread.

Question 27.
What were the uses of Faience?
Answer:
Faience was used to make beads, bangles, earrings and small vessels etc.

Question 28.
What was the colour of faience?
Answer:
It was blue or sea green.

Question 29.
How was Faience made?
Answer:
Gum was used to shape sand or powdered quartz into an object.

Question 30.
What are raw materials?
Answer:
Raw materials are substances that are either found naturally or produced by farmers or herders.

Question 31.
From which state the Harappan brought copper?
Answer:
Present day Rajasthan.

Question 32.
Which states provided the Harappans with precious stones?
Answer:
Gujarat, Afghanistan and Iran (presently).

Question 33.
Where did the Harappans get gold from?
Answer:
Present-day Karnataka.

In the Earliest Cities Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer History Chapter 4 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What unique objects were found in almost all the cities of Harappa by the archaeologists? Answer:
Archaeologists found unique objects in almost all the cities. They are:

1. red pottery painted with designs in blacks
2. stone weights,
3. seals,
4. special beads,
5. copper tools and
6. long stone blades.

Question 2.
How were houses planned in cities?
Answer:
Generally, houses were either one or two storeys high with rooms built around courtyard. Most houses had separate bathing area and some had wells to supply water and had covered drains.

Question 3.
What were the raw materials that made the things found in the Harappan cities?
Answer:
The things found in the Harappan cities were made up of:

• Stone
• Shell
• Metal.

Question 4.
Give the name of metals found in the Harappan cities.
Answer:
Metals found in the Harappan cities were:

1. Copper
2. Bronze
3. Gold and
4. Silver

Question 5.
Where was Cotton grown? What were the evidences found by the archaeologists?
Answer:
Cotton was grown probably at Mehrgarh. Actual pieces of cloth were found attached to the lid of a silver vase and some copper objects at Mohenjodaro.

Question 6.
What was used in making the seals and what was found special in seals?
Answer:
The Harappans made seals on stone. These were generally rectangular and had usually an animal carved on them with a script in form of signs which are still not known exactly what they mean.

Question 7.
Who were called specialist?
Answer:
A person who is trained to do only one work such as cutting stone or polishing beads or carving seals.

Question 8.
Make a list of raw materials produced by the farmers.
Answer:
Farmers in our country are great producers of edible items:

1. Sugar cane produced sugar and gur
2. Tea leave produced tea
3. Cotton produced thread
4. Bamboo produced basket, furniture and many more household items of bamboo.
5. Soya bean/Palm oil produced edible oil etc.
6. Spices
7. Grains etc.

Question 9.
Do you know from where gold, bronze, copper and precious stones were brought by the Harappans?
Answer:
Yes, the Harappans probably got copper from Rajasthan, bronze may have been brought from Afghanistan and Iran, Gold from Karnataka and precious stones from Gujarat, Iran and Afghanistan. (All places are stated as per present location)

Question 10.
Write a short note on Lothal.
Answer:
Lothal was a city on the banks of the tributary of the Sabarmati in Gujarat. It was a centre for making stone, shell and metal objects. A storehouse and fire altars were also found in the city.

Question 11.
What objects were buried with the king in the Pyramids?
Answer:
Food and drink, clothes, ornaments, utensils, musical instruments, weapons and animals etc., were buried with king in the Pyramids.

In the Earliest Cities Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer History Chapter 4 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
What was special about the Harappan cities?
Answer:
Many of these cities were divided into two or more parts. Number one was the west part which was smaller but higher. Archaeologists described this as the ‘citadel’. Number two was the east part which was larger but lower. Around each part, baked bricks were used. Bricks were so well-made that they have lasted for thousands of years. The bricks were laid in an interlocking pattern that made the walls strong.

Question 2.
What do you know about Mohenjodaro?
Answer:
Mohenjodaro was a city which comes under the Harappan cities. In Mohenjodaro, there was a very special tank which is called the Great Bath. This Great Bath was made up of bricks and bricks were coated with plaster and tank was made water-tight with a layer of natural tar. Stairs were used for bathing. Water in the tank was probably brought in from well and water was drained out after use. Perhaps, important people took a dip in this tank on special occasions.

Question 3.
Were houses, drains and streets planned?
Answer:
The evidences which were obtained from these cities referred that the houses, drains and streets were probably planned. Houses were either one or two-storeyed with rooms built around courtyard. There were separate bathing areas. Likewise, each drain had a gentle slope so that water could flow through it.

Question 4.
How were the beads made?
Answer:
Beads were made of carnelian, a beautiful red stone. The stone was cut, shaped and polished and finally a hole was bored through the centre so that string could be passed through it. Thus, garlands of beads were made and used.

Question 5.
How were the goods carried from one place to another?
Answer:
In the Harappan cities, a cart toy has been found which is just like the bullock cart used in present time. There were two wheels in it which were connected to each other with an axle and sides of base are supported by sticks. Thus, archaeologists considered that this cart would have been used for carrying the goods.

Question 6.
How were plants grown in the Harappan cities?
Answer:
The earth was dug for turning the soil and planting the seeds by the use of plough. There was not heavy rainfall and thus water was stored and used for irrigation. The Harappans grew wheat, barley, pulses, peas, rice, sesame, linseed and mustard.

Question 7.
State the reasons which could have been possible behind the end of the Harappan Civilization.
Answer:
Around 3900 years ago, the Harappan Civilization suddenly seems to end up. People stopped living in many of the cities. Writing, seals and weights were no longer used. Raw materials brought from long distances became rare. In Mohenjodaro, we find that garbage piled up on the streets, the drainage system broke down. Why did all this happen? The reasons are not clear. The following reasons may be behind the ending up of the Harappan Civilization:

• Some suggest that the rivers dried up.
• Some suggest that there was deforestation.
• In some areas, there were floods.
• The rulers might have lost control.
• The people moved into newer, smaller settlements etc.

But none of these reasons can explain the end of all the cities. Flooding or a river drying up would have had an effect in only some areas.

Question 8.
Write a short note on Pyramids found in Egypt.
Answer:
Around 5000 years ago, kings ruled over Egypt. They had armies and these were used to collect precious metals and stones. They also built huge tombs, known as pyramids. When kings died, the bodies were preserved and buried in these pyramids. These carefully preserved bodies are known as ‘mummies’. A large number of objects were also buried with them.

Picture Based Questions Class 6 History Chapter 4 In the Earliest Cities

Question 1.
Look at the picture given below. Please state its use in earlier time. Are we presently using something like this?

Answer:
In the picture, a plough has been shown, which was found in the Harappan cities. This is a toy, but archaeologists believe that this was used in digging and turning the soil for the purpose of planting of seeds. Presently, our farmers in villages also use plough for the same purpose. It appears that present-day ploughs have been developed from the Harappan plough.

Question 2.
Look at the pictures given below and write about the picture.

Answer:
Picture (i):
The object is a seal and found in the Harappan cities. This seal contains script and picture of animal. Script is still unreadable. This seal was used to stamp bags or packets containing goods that were sent from one place to another. Mouth of the bag was tied and a layer of wet clay was applied on knot and seal was pressed on it. Sealing on any object assured about safety of goods. Today also we seal the goods, articles, parcels etc.

Picture (ii):
Shown objects in the picture are terracotta toys and found in the Harappan cities. These were made by baking the clay after making the designs on the clay. All terracotta toys are animals of that time which refer that the Harappan people were closely concerned with animals. Perhaps the Harappan children played with these toys. In present day, we also find Terracotta things. Many type of decorative vessels, articles, animals, birds etc., are available in the market.

Picture (iii):
Shown objects in the picture are ornaments such as garland, earring etc., made by beads and these were found in the Harappan cities. Many of the beads were made of carnelian, a beautiful red stone. The stone was cut, shaped, polished and finally a hole was bored through the centre so that a string could be passed through it. These type of the ornaments are available in the present market too and these are very much liked by the women particularly outsiders.

Picture (iv):
An artificial object faience has been shown in the picture. Faience was used to make beads, bangles, earrings and tiny vessels.

Map-Based Questions Class 6 History Chapter 4 In the Earliest Cities

Question 1.
Show the places of the Harappan Civilization on a Map of India
Answer:

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science SST Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes and Longitudes.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions and Answers Globe Latitudes and Longitudes

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 2 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What is the advantage of the globe?
Answer:
Globe is true model of the Earth. It depicts the whole Earth in small size. Globe provides us facility for the study of the Earth in easy way.

Question 2.
How does latitudes and longitudes help us?
Answer:
These help us to find out location on the Earth.

Question 3.
In which zone did the equator lie?
Answer:
Equator lies in the Torrid zone.

Question 4.
What is use of the Greenwich?
Answer:
Greenwich is used as a standard for time all over the world.

Question 5.
Where does the Tropic of Cancer lie?
Answer:
The Tropic of Cancer lies on 23 ¥2° N.

Question 6.
Where does Tropic of Capricorn lie?
Answer:
23 W S.

Question 7.
How much does the Earth rotate in 24 hrs.?
Answer:
Earth rotates 360° in 24 hrs.

Question 8.
How much time is required for the Earth for 1° rotation?
Answer:
Four hours.

Question 9.
Where is India located on the Globe?
Answer:
India is located east of Greenwich at 82°30 E.

Question 10.
By how much time is India ahead from Greenwich?
Answer:
5 hours 30 minutes.

Question 11.
How many zones has the Earth been divided?
Answer:
The Earth has been divided into 24 time zones.

Question 12.
In how many zones has the Earth been divided?
Answer:
24 time zones.

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 2 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Define Longitude.
Answer:
These are lines drawn on the globe by joining North Pole and South Pole. These lines run from north to south.

Question 2.
What do you understand by parallels of latitude?
Answer:
All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are called parallels of latitudes. Latitudes are measured in degrees.

Question 3.
What do you understand by the Temperate Zone?
Answer:
The area between the Tropic of Cancer (23 V20 N) and the Arctic Circle (66 V20 S) in the Northern Hemisphere and the Tropic of Capricorn (23 W S) and the Antarctic Circle (66V20 S) in the Southern Hemisphere have moderate temperatures. These are therefore, called Temperate Zones.

Question 4.
Define the Northern and the Southern Hemisphere.
Answer:
An imaginary line running on the globe divides it into two equal parts. This line is known as the equator. The northern half part from the equator is called the Northern Hemisphere and southern half called the Southern Hemisphere.

Question 5.
Why did some countries adopt more than one standard time?
Answer:
Some countries have a great longitudinal extent and so they have adopted more than one standard time. For example, in Russia, there are as many as 11 standard times.

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 2 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
Describe in brief the importance of parallels of latitudes.
Answer:
Equator:
An imaginary line running on the globe divides it into two equal parts. This is line which situated at 0° on the globe. Equator is surrounded by the Torrid Zone. In other words equator has its position in the middle of the Torrid Zone and this divided the Torrid Zone into two parts and expanded in north and south upto 23 V20 N & 23 V20 S.

Tropic of Cancer:
The Tropic of cancer line lies on 23 V20 N in the northern hemisphere. This area is expanded upto 66 V20 N. This area indicates about moderate temperature.

Tropic of Capricorn:
It is the parallel of 23 V20 S in the southern hemisphere.

Arctic Circle:
It lies at 66 V20 north of the equator.

Antarctic Circle:
It lies at 66 V20 south of the equator.

90° parallel:
It is shown by a point.
• its length is zero.

North Pole:
• it is 90° north of equator.

South Pole:
• it is at 90° south of equator.

Question 2.
Describe major heat zones of the Earth.
Answer:
Major heat zones are three:

1. Torrid zone: Torrid zone is a hot zone. This zones receive the maximum amount of heat throughout the year, because the rays of the Sun fall straightly on this zone. This zone is located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

2. Temperate zone: Temperate zone is moderate temperature zone. The temperate zones lies between Arctic Circle and Tropic of Cancer in north and Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle in south. These zones are neither too hot nor too cold.

3. Frigid zone: Frigid zones are cold zones. Beyond the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle temperatures are very low and thus climate is very cold. This is due to the extreme slanting’s of the Sun’s rays.

The North Frigid Zone lies between the Arctic Circle (66 V2 °N) and North Pole in the northern hemisphere. The South Frigid Zone lies between the Antarctic Circle (66 V2 °S) and South Pole in the southern hemisphere.

Question 3.
How does longitudes help us to calculate the time?
Answer:
Time is measured by the movement of the Earth. The Earth is rotated on its axis. For one rotation, it takes 24 hours, it means the Earth is rotated 360° in 24 hrs. It means 15° in a hour or 1° in 4 minutes. Accordingly, the Earth has been divided into 24 time zones of one hour each.

The places which are situated in the east of Greenwich Meridian experience day or Sunrise earlier than the places lying west to the Greenwich Meridian. Thus, time is ahead in the east than the west places at the rate of 4 minutes per degree of longitude.

Picture Based Questions Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes and Longitudes

1. Draw important parallels of latitudes.

2. Draw Important Latitudes and Heat Zones.

India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science SST Geography Chapter 8 India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Extra Questions and Answers India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife

India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 8 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What are the reasons of change in weather?
Answer:
Due to changes in temperature, rainfall and sunshine etc., day to day weather is also changed.

Question 2.
Mention the types of weather?
Answer:
The weather may be hot or cold; sunny or cloudy; windy or calm.

Question 3.
How many seasons are there in India?
Answer:
Four. Winter, summer, rainy and autumn.

Question 4.
How do we experience winter season?
Answer:
The Sun rays do not fall directly in the region. As a result the temperature is quite low in northern India and thus, the people of the region feel cold.

Question 5.
In which season do the Sun rays fall directly?
Answer:
In summer season.

Question 6.
What is another name of “South West Monsoon Season”?
Answer:
“South West Monsoon Season” is also called rainy season.

Question 7.
Where does air blow in rainy season?
Answer:
In the rainy season, the winds blow from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal towards the land.

Question 8.
How is rainfall carried by the winds?
Answer:
When South West winds strike the mountain barriers, rainfall occurs. The air carries moisture with it.

Question 9.
In which places does rainfall occur in autumn?
Answer:
In the southern part of India particularly, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh receive rainfall in this season.

Question 10.
Which air blows in the autumn season?
Answer:
In autumn season winds move back from the mainland to the Bay of Bengal.

Question 11.
Write the factors which affect climate.
Answer:
The climate of India is affected by its location, altitude (height), distance from sea and relief.
Therefore, we experience regional differences in the climate of India.

Question 12.
Which are the hot desert places in India?
Answer:
Jaisalmer and Bikaner in the desert of Rajasthan are very hot.

Question 13.
Which are the cold places in India?
Answer:
Drass and Kargil in Jammu and Kashmir are freezing cold.

Question 14.
Which places of India have moderate climate?
Answer:
Coastal places like Mumbai and Kolkata experience moderate climate.

Question 15.
Give the name of place receiving highest rainfall.
Answer:
Mawsynram in Meghalaya receives the world’s highest rainfall.

Question 16.
When do trees shed their leaves in Tropical Rain Forests?
Answer:
The trees shed their leaves at different time of the year. These always appear green.

Question 17.
Which trees grow in Tropical deciduous forests?
Answer:
Important trees of these forests are sal, teak, peepal, neem and shisham.

Question 18.
When do trees shed their leaves in tropical deciduous forests?
Answer:
They shed their leaves at a particular time of the year.

Question 19.
Where is Sunderbans located?
Answer:
In West Bengal.

Question 20.
What do you mean by Sundari?
Answer:
Sundari is a well-known species of trees in Mangrove forests after which Sunderbans have been named.

Question 21.
Where are sal, teak, peepal, neem and shisham found?
Answer:
These are found in Tropical Deciduous Forests.

Question 22.
Name of places where thorny bushes vegetation is found.
Answer:
These are found in the states of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, eastern slopes of Western Ghats and Gujarat.

Question 23.
Name of our National animal.
Answer:
Our National animal is ‘Tiger’.

Question 24.
Which are the animals found in the forests of Assam?
Answer:
Elephants and one-horned rhinoceroses are found in Assam.

Question 25.
Where are camels found?
Answer:
Camels found in Great Indian desert.

Question 26.
Which animals are found in the Himalayan region?
Answer:
Wild goats, snow leopards, bears etc., are found in the Himalayan region.

India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 8 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Which are the major seasons in India?
Answer:
The major seasons recognized in India are:

1. Winter which falls from December to February;
2. Summer falls from March to May;
3. Rainy season falls from June to September;
4. Autumn falls from October to November.

Question 2.
State different type of Vegetation found in India.
Answer:
Vegetation of India can be divided into five types-

1. Tropical evergreen or rain forest,
2. Tropical deciduous forest,
3. Thorny bushes,
4. Mountain vegetation and
5. Mangrove forest.

Question 3.
Which are the species found in Tropical Rain Forests? Give location thereof.
Answer:
Mahogany, ebony and rosewood are trees found in Tropical Rain Forests. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, parts of north-eastern States and a narrow strip of the western slope of the Western Ghats are home of these forests.

Question 4.
Why doesn’t Sunlight reach up to the ground in Tropical Rain Forests?
Answer:
The sunlight doesn’t reach upto the ground in Tropical Rain Forests because the rainfall being heavy, vegetation in these areas are very dense and hence it is not possible for sunlight to reach upto the ground.

Question 5.
Where do we find Tropical deciduous forests?
Answer:
These are found in a large part of our country such as in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and in parts of Maharashtra.

Question 6.
What do you understand about thorny bushes vegetation?
Answer:
Thorny bushes vegetation is found in dry areas of the country. The leaves are in the form of spines to reduce the loss of water. Cactus, khair, babool, keekar are important and are found in the states
of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, eastern slopes of Western Ghat and Gujarat.

Question 7.
Write few lines on Mountain Vegetation.
Answer:
A wide range of Mountain vegetation is found in the mountains according to the variation in height. At a height between 1500 to 2500 metres, most of the trees are conical in shape. These trees are called coniferous trees. Chir, Pine and Deodar are important trees of these forests.

Question 8.
Why is wildlife declining rapidly in India? What efforts have been made by the government in this regard?
Answer:
Due to cutting of forests and hunting, several species of wildlife of India are declining rapidly. Many species have already become extinct. In order to protect the wildlife many national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves have been set up by the government. The government has also started Project Tiger and Project Elephant to protect these animals.

Question 9.
What do you understand about coniferous trees?
Answer:
At a height of 1500 to 2500 metres, where mountain vegetation exist, most of trees are conical in shape. These trees are called coniferous trees. Chir, Pine and Deodar are some examples of coniferous trees.

India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 8 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
What do you understand about the seasons? Describe them.
Answer:
Due to changes in temperature, rainfall and sunshine etc., day to day weather is also changed. This specific weather is called season.

1. Winter season: This is also called “Cold Weather Season”. The Sunrays do not fall directly in the region. As a result the temperature is quite low in northern India.
2. Summer season: This is also called “hot weather season”. In this season Sun rays more or less directly fall in this region. Temperature becomes very high. Hot and dry winds called loo, blow during the day.
3. Rainy season: This is also called “South West Monsoon Season”. In this season the winds blow from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal towards the land. These winds carry moisture with them. When these winds strike the mountain barriers, rainfall occurs.
4. Autumn: This is also called “Season of Retreating Monsoons”. In this season winds move back from the mainland to the Bay of Bengal. The southern part of India particularly Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh receive rainfall in this season.

Question 2.
Describe different type of vegetation found in India.
Answer:
Tropical rain: Tropical forests occur in the areas which receive heavy rainfall. They are so dense that Sunlight doesn’t reach the ground. Many species of trees are found in these forests. The trees shed their leaves at different time of the year. These always appear green.

Mahogany, ebony and rosewood are trees found in these areas. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, parts of north-eastern states and a narrow strip of the western slope of the Western Ghats are home of these forests.

Tropical deciduous forests: These forests are found in a large part of our country. These forests are also called monsoon forests. They are less dense. They shed their leaves at a particular time of the year.

Important trees of these forests are sal, teak, peepal, neem and shisham. They are found in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and in parts of Maharashtra.

Thorny bushes vegetation: These are found in dry areas of the country. The leaves are in the form of spines to reduce the loss of water. Cactus, khair, babool, keekar are important and are found in the States of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, eastern slopes of Western Ghat and Gujarat.

Mountain vegetation: A wide range of Mountain vegetation is found in the mountains according to the variation in height. At a height between 1500 to 2500 metres. Most of the trees are conical in shape. These trees are called coniferous trees. Chir, Pine and Deodar are important trees of these forests.

Mangrove forests: These forests can survive in saline water. They are found mainly in Sunderbans in West Bengal and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Sundari is a well-known species of trees in mangrove forests after which Sunderbans have been named.

Question 3.
Why are forests necessary? Describe.
Answer:
Forests are very useful for us. They perform various functions. Some of them can be summarized as follows:

1. Plants release oxygen that we breathe and carbon dioxide released by living being is absorbed by the plants, thus these make a balance in oxygen and carbon dioxide.
2. The roots of the plants bind the soil; thus, they control soil erosion.
3. Forests provide us timber, fuel, wood, fodder, medicinal plants and herbs, lac, honey, gum etc.
4. Forests are the natural habitat of wildlife.
5. Forests control over rain.
6. Used in industrial produces etc.

Question 4.
Write a short note on wildlife in India.
Answer:
Forests are home to a variety of wildlife. There are many species of animals and a large variety of reptiles, amphibians, mammals, birds, insects and worms which dwell in the forest.

Tiger is our National Animal. Gir forest in Gujarat is a home Asiatic lions. Elephants and one-horned rhinoceroses roam in the forests of Assam. Elephants are also found in Kerala and Karnataka. Camels are found in the Great India desert and wild asses in the Rann of Kuchchh. Wild goats, snow leopards, bears are found in the Himalayan region. Many other animals are found in our country such as monkeys, wolves, jackals, nilgais, cheetals etc.

Peacock is our National Bird. There are several birds found in our country. Other common birds are parrots, pigeons, mynah, geese, bulbul and ducks. There are several bird sanctuaries which have been created to give birds their natural habitat. These provide the birds protection from hunters.

There are several hundreds of species of snakes found in India. Cobras and Kraits are important among them. In order to protect animals, the government has also started Project Tiger and Project Elephant.

Picture Based Questions Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 India: Climate Vegetation and Wildlife

1. Find out following National Parks in the Map of India.
(i) Gir
(ii) Kaziranga
(iii) Dachigam
(iv) Dudhwa
(v) Corbet

2. Find out following Wildlife Sanctuaries in the Map of India.
(i) Sariska
(ii) Pocharam
(iii) Chandra Prabha
(iv) Periyar
(v) Eturnagaram
Answer:

Key Elements of a Democratic Government Class 6 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science SST Civics Chapter 4 Key Elements of a Democratic Government.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Civics Chapter 4 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 6 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Key Elements of a Democratic Government

Key Elements of a Democratic Government Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What was the age of Maya Naidoo?
Answer:
She was 11 years old.

Question 2.
Where did Maya Naidoo live?
Answer:
She lived in the town of Johannesburg.

Question 3.
What was there in the box which Maya found?
Answer:
She found a scrapbook full of pictures and newspaper articles.

Question 4.
What do you understand about ‘apartheid’.
Answer:
Apartheid means separation or discrimination on the basis of race.

Question 5.
What do you mean by ‘Soweto’?
Answer:
This was a black township in the South Western Township which was called ‘Soweto’.

Question 6.
Name the races that live in South Africa.
Answer:
Races that live in South Africa are – Black people of South Africa, White who came from outside and Indians who came as labourers and traders.

Question 7.
Give the name of the party that fought against the apartheid system.
Answer:
The African National Congress.

Question 8.
Who was the leader of ‘The African National Congress’?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela.

Question 9.
When did South Africa become an Independent country?
Answer:
In 1994.

Question 10.
Who can resolve the conflicts?
Answer:
Government and its institutions can resolve the conflicts,

Question 11.
What is the time period of representatives in India?
Answer:
Most of the representatives are elected for the period of 5 years.

Question 12.
What is required to be done for getting another opportunity for representation?
Answer:
He/she will have to face election again.

Question 13.
Do people have right to criticize the government in democracy?
Answer:
Yes, public can criticize and ask the questions.

Question 14.
Which two states are part of Cauvery dispute?
Answer:
Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.

Question 15.
Name of dam made on the Cauvery River in Karnataka.
Answer:
Krishnasagar dam.

Question 16.
Name of dam made on the Cauvery River in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Mettur dam.

Question 17.
Are the laws of equality and justice useful for girls?
Answer:
Yes.

Key Elements of a Democratic Government Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Why was the Hector Ndlovu shot?
Answer:
He had joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language in school. This was the language that the white spoke. School students were forced to learn this language but they wanted to learn their own language, Zulu. The South African police beat up the protestors mercilessly and shot at the crowd and one bullet killed the Hector.

Question 2.
What options does the public have if they disagree from any decision of the government?
Answer:
If government takes any decision which is not in public interest can make a signature campaign; can protest through dharna, pradershan, rallies, strikes, social movements etc. In present time media is also important to attract the government towards public issues.

Question 3.
How the power of the government is limited?
Answer:
Government got its power from its public. They are responsible to the public. They face the election and get elected by the public through vote. Most of the representatives are elected for a period of five years.

After completion of time period they are required to face the election again. In this way, the power of the government is limited and for the continuation of government, they need sanction of public.

Question 4.
Write in brief about conflict of Cauvery dispute.
Answer:
Cauvery dispute is a very well known dispute between the States. This dispute is between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water is stored in Krishnasagar dam in Karnataka and also in Mettur dam in Tamil Nadu. The water is used by both the states for various purposes including irrigation.

The dam situated in Tamil Nadu, can receive water only when water is released by Karnataka. Sometimes Karnataka released the water as per its requirement. This situation created a dispute between the both states. Time to time, the dispute has been settled by the River Tribunal as well as Supreme Court of India.

Key Elements of a Democratic Government Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
Explain in brief ‘apartheid laws’ in South Africa.
Answer:
South African people were divided on the basis of race-white, black, Indian and coloured races. Ac-cording to the law, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live near each other or even to use common facilities. In South Africa, under the laws, hospitals, ambulance, trains, buses and even bus stops were also separate.

The facilities which were provided to the white people were well equipped and the best land was reserved for the white people. Non-whites were not allowed to vote. Black and coloured people were not considered to be equal to whites.

Question 2.
Write a short note on Nelson Mandela.
Answer:
Nelson Mandela was the leader of the African National Congress. It was a group of people who led the struggle against apartheid, and their most well-known leader was Mandela. In the leadership of Nelson Mandela, people fought against the apartheid system for several years. Finally, Nelson Mandela succeeded and South Africa became an independent country in 1994.

Question 3.
Why is it important to resolve the conflicts?
Answer:
Conflicts among the people of the society can arise an unrest. This unrest can take a form of violence in which life and property risk may arise. Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions and economic backgrounds do not get along with each other or when some among them feel that they are being discriminated against.

So, control of societal as well as individual conflicts is essential. To prevent and control the conflicts, government makes rules and laws which are obligatory to all. For the purpose, the government has made police force and many institutions.

Question 4.
Describe some conflicts in our society and the role of the government in resolving them?
Answer:
Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions, economic backgrounds do not get alongwith each other or when some among them feel that they are being discriminated against. People may use violent means to settle their differences.

This leads to fear and tension among others living in an area. The government is responsible for helping to resolve conflicts. Religious processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to conflicts.

Rivers too can become a source of conflicts between states. A river may begin in one state, flow through another and end in a third. The share of rivers water in different states may become an issue, such as dispute of Cauvery river.

In all the matters, concerned governments are responsible to settle the disputes. The government has Policing system, Court system. The governments play a great role in strengthening the institutions by way of providing sufficient infrastructure, funding etc.

Question 5.
Write a short note on equality and justice.
Answer:
One of the key ideas of a democratic government is its commitment to equality and justice. Equality and justice are inseparable. The earlier practice of untouchability is now banned by law.

This group of people were denied education, transport or medical facilities and even the chance to offer prayers. Dr Ambedkar was of the view that justice can only be achieved when people are treated equally.

The government also recognizes this and makes special provisions for groups within society that are unequal. Sometimes, the society does not value the girl and boy child equally and this is unjust. The government has also made special provisions for equality and justice to the girls.

What Books and Burials Tell Us Class 6 History Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science SST History Chapter 5 What Books and Burials Tell Us.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 6 History Chapter 5 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 6 History Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers What Books and Burials Tell Us

What Books and Burials Tell Us Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer History Chapter 5 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
When were Vedas composed?
Answer:
These were written about 3500 years ago.

Question 2.
Who composed hymns?
Answer:
Hymns were composed by sages who were also called ‘rishi’.

Question 3.
Who taught the students in the Vedic age?
Answer:
Priests taught the students in Vedic age.

Question 4.
Which family of languages consist of Sanskrit and Hindi?
Answer:
Under group of Indo-European.

Question 5.
Which family do Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam belong?
Answer:
Austro-Asiatic family.

Question 6.
Which language family consists of English?
Answer:
Indo-European family.

Question 7.
When was the Rigveda written and printed?
Answer:
It was written and printed about 200 years ago only.

Question 8.
Which rivers were worshipped as goddesses?
Answer:
River Beas and Sutlej were worshipped as goddesses.

Question 9.
What was found in Kashmir related to Rigveda?
Answer:
A manuscript of the Rigveda was found on the birch bark in Kashmir.

Question 10.
Where is it preserved now?
Answer:
It is preserved now in a library at Pune, Maharashtra.

Question 11.
What were used in the offerings?
Answer:
Offerings include ghee, grain and in some cases animals.

Question 12.
Where did people discuss matters of war and peace?
Answer:
People met and discussed matters of war and peace in assemblies.

Question 13.
Who were the leaders?
Answer:
Leaders were often brave and skillful warriors.

Question 14.
Who performed various rituals?
Answer:
‘The priests’, sometimes called Brahmins, performed various rituals.

Question 15.
Who did not perform the sacrifices?
Answer:
Dasa and Dasi did not perform sacrifices.

Question 16.
When was burial site of ‘Inamgaon’ occupied?
Answer:
Burial site ‘Inamgaon’ was occupied between 3600-2700 years ago.

Question 17.
Where was ‘Inamgaon’ site situated?
Answer:
It is a site on the river Ghod, a tributary of the Bhima.

Question 18.
Who was Charaka ?
Answer:
Charak was a famous physician.

Question 19.
Name the book written by Charaka.
Answer:
The book written by Charaka is ‘Charaka Samhita’.

What Books and Burials Tell Us Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer History Chapter 5 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What do you know about hymns?
Answer:
More than one thousand hymns were included in the Rigveda. These hymns are also called ‘sukta’ or ‘well-said’. These are in praise of various gods and goddesses.

Question 2.
How many types of Vedas are there? Give their names.
Answer:
There are four Vedas, these are:

1. Rigveda
2. Samaveda
3. Yajurveda
4. Atharvaveda.

Question 3.
How many gods are specifically important according to Rigveda?
Answer:
Three gods are specifically important:

1. Agni: the god of fire
2. Indra: a warrior god and
3. Soma: a plant from which a special drink was prepared.

Question 4.
How many families are there in languages? Which family language represents the northeast? Answer:
There are three families of languages. The languages which are used in north-east are called Tibeto – Burman family.

Question 5.
In the Rigveda there are some dialogues between a sage and rivers. Give the name of sage and rivers.
Answer:
Some hymns of the Rigveda are in the form of dialogues between a sage and rivers. The name of the sage is Vishvamitra and two rivers are Beas and Sutlej.

Question 6.
For whom are the prayers in the Rigveda?
Answer:
In Rigveda, the prayers are for cattle, children especially for sons and for horses.

Question 7.
Why were the battles fought as per the Rigveda?
Answer:
During the Vedic age, the battles were fought for the land, water and to capture people.

Question 8.
Who kept the wealth?
Answer:
The wealth that was obtained from the war was kept by the leaders, some was given to the priests and the rest was distributed amongst the people.

Question 9.
What do you understand about ‘yajnas’?
Answer:
The word ‘yajnas’ means sacrifices in which offerings were made into the fire.

Question 10.
How were the people of Vedic age described?
Answer:
The people were described on the basis of work they did, the language they spoke, the place they belonged to, their family, their communities and cultural practices.

Question 11.
What were general people called?
Answer:
General people were called from two names -‘jana’ and ‘vish’. The word ‘jana’ is still used in Hindi and the word Vaishya’ comes from ‘vish’.

Question 12.
Who were the slaves?
Answer:
Dasa and Dasi were called slaves and they were often captured in wars. They were treated as the
property of owners.

Question 13.
What are called Black and Red Ware?
Answer:
Generally, the dead were buried with distinctive pots, which were called black and red ware.

Question 14.
What were the items generally found in burials? Make a list.
Answer:

1. Pots
2. Tools (iron and stone)
3. Weapons (stone and iron)
4. Horse equipment (iron)
5. Ornaments (stone and gold)

Question 15.
Why were more than one skeleton found at the same burial?
Answer:
Sometimes, megaliths contain more than one skeleton. These indicate that people, perhaps belonging to the same family, were buried in the same place through portholes at different times.

Question 16.
Name the rivers mentioned in the Vedas.
Answer:
Indus, Beas, Sutlej, Sarasvati, Ganga and Yamuna have been mentioned in Vedas.

Question 17.
What do you understand about oracle bones?
Answer:
Oracle bones were used by the China for the writing purpose. These bones were used to predict the future.

What Books and Burials Tell Us Class 6 Extra Questions and Answer History Chapter 5 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
How were the rajas of the Vedic age different from others?
Answer:
Rajas were different from what we imagine them in present times. They did not have capital cities, palaces or armies, nor did they collect taxes, sons did not automatically succeed fathers as rajas. Rajas were chosen by the people because of their qualities such as bravery and skillful warriors.

Question 2.
How did the archaeologist conclude that there were some differences between status of buried people?
Answer:
On the basis of objects found with the burials, archaeologists has concluded differences between status of buried people. In Brahmagiri, they found a skeleton that was buried with 33 gold beads, 2 stone beads, 4 copper bangles, one conch shell. Whereas, other skeletons had only a few pots. These findings suggest that there were some differences in status amongst buried. Some were rich, others poor, some chiefs others followers.

Question 3.
What do you understand about megaliths?
Answer:
Stone boulders are known as megaliths and were used to mark burial sites. The practice of erecting megaliths began about 3000 years ago and was prevalent throughout the Deccan, south India, in north-east and Kashmir.

Question 4.
What were the common features in the burials?
Answer:
Generally, the dead were buried with distinctive pots. Also, the archaeologists found tools, ornaments and weapons of iron and sometimes, skeletons of horses, horse equipments and ornaments of stone and gold.

Question 5.
What are the difficulties to differentiate between both sexes through skeleton?
Answer:
After seeing the skeleton, it can be found out whether the dead is child or young, man or woman. But, there are some problems regarding the identification of the found skeleton that it is of a girl or boy or man or woman. It is not possible to find out on the ground of ornaments because often ornaments were worn by both men and women.

Question 6.
What is the better way to differentiate between skeleton of man and women?
Answer:
A better way of figuring out the sex of a skeleton is to look at the bone structure. The hip or the pelvic area of women is generally larger to enable child bearing. These distinctions are based on modem skeletal studies.

Map-Based Questions Class 6 History Chapter 5 What Books and Burials Tell Us

Question 1.
Find out Megalithic Sites in Indian map
(i) Inamgaon
(ii) Brahmagiri
(iii) Adichanallur
Answer: