Transport and Communication Class 12 MCQ Questions

Transport and Communication Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers

MCQs On Transport And Communication Class 12 Question 1.

……………. carry materials like petroleum, natural gas, and ores in liquefied form.

(A) trucks
(B) pipelines
(C) railways
(D) airlines
Answer:
(B) pipelines

Explanation:
Pipelines transport crude oil and gas to refineries for processing into the products we use every day.

MCQ On Transport And Communication Chapter 8 Question 2.

The principal modes of world transportation are water, air and pipelines.

(A) land
(B) animals
(C) vehicles
(D) all of the above
Answer:
(A) land

Transport And Communication Class 12 MCQ Question 3.

One of the great advantages of water transportation is that it does not require:

(A) route construction
(B) road construction
(C) rail construction
(D) dam construction
Answer:
(A) route construction

Explanation:
Water transportation does not require route construction as it takes advantage of natural track provided by the nature.

Transport And Communication MCQ Chapter 8 Class 12 Question 4.

Roads laid along international boundaries are called:

(A) border roads
(B) national highways
(C) international highways
(D) expressways
Answer:
(A) border roads

Explanation:
Strategically important roads in I the bordering areas of the country are called border roads.

Transport And Communication MCQs Chapter 8 Question 5.

Air transport is the means of transportation.

(A) easiest
(B) fastest
(C) slowest
(D) cheapest
Answer:
(B) fastest

Explanation:
Air travel is the fastest method of transport around, and can cut hours or days off of a trip.

MCQs On Transport And Communication Pdf Question 6.

Highways are ………….. roads.

(A) kaccha
(B) unmetalled
(C) metaled
(D) cemented
Ans. Option
(C) metaled

Explanation:
Metalled roads are those that are made up of cement, concrete or coal tar.

MCQ Transport And Communication Class 12 Chapter 8 Question 7.

……………. is a powerful medium of collecting information from the computer.

(A) Satellite
(B) Internet
(C) Television
(D) Laptop
Answer:
(A) Satellite

Explanation:
Satellite communication is the method of transporting information from one place to another using a communication satellite in orbit around the Earth.

Transport And Communication MCQs Pdf Class 12 Question 8.

Aryabhatt was launched on :

(A) 19 April 1977
(B) 19 April 1978
(C) 19 April 1979
(D) 19 April 1980
Answer:
(C) 19 April 1979

Explanation:
Aryabhata was India’s first satellite launched on 19th April 1979.

Transport MCQ Chapter 8 Class 12 Question 9.

The process of converting text, pictures or sound into a digital form that can be processed by the computer is known as:

(A) Cyber processing
(B) Computerization
(C) Digitisation
(D) Demonetization
Answer:
(C) Digitisation

Explanation:
Digitization is the conversion of analog to digital.

Question 10.

The invention of the internal engine revolutionised road transport in terms of road quality and vehicles plying over them.

(A) Combustion
(B) Composition
(C) Carbonation
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(A) Combustion

Explanation:
A combustion engine is an engine which generates mechanical power by combustion of a fuel.

Question 11.

Roads and railways form part of transport ……………

(A) Water
(B) Pipeline
(C) Land
(D) Air
Answer:
(C) Land

Explanation:
The two main forms of land transport can be considered to be rail transport and road transport.

Question 12.

Transportation is an …………. service industry created to satisfy the basic needs of society.

(A) organised
(B) unorganised
(C) scattered
(D) controlled
Answer:
(A) organised

Explanation:
Transportation is among the more vital economic activities for a business. By moving goods from locations where they are sourced to locations where they are demanded, transportation provides the essential service of linking a company to its suppliers and customers.

Question 13.

The first public railway line was opened in between Stockton and Darlington in northern England.

(A) 1815
(B) 1825
(C) 1835
(D) 1845
Answer:
(B) 1825

Explanation:
The S&DR’s first line connected 1 coal mines at Shildon in County Durham to 1 Darlington. It opened on 27 September 1825. The company used steam trains to haul its coal 1 wagons from the first day of operation.

Question 14.

Among the newer developments in land transportation are:

(A) pipelines
(B) ropeways
(C ) cableways
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(D) All of the Above

Explanation:
New technologies are improving the efficiency of existing transportation methods and newer developments keep happening.

Question 15.

With the invention of the ………….. the use of carts and wagons became important.

(A) Wheel
(B) Carts
(C) Stone
(D) Carriage
Answer:
(A) Wheel

Explanation:
The wheel is often described as the most important invention of all time – it had a fundamental impact on transport.

Question 16

Arrange the countries from the highest to the lowest on total road network

(i) United States of America
(ii) India
(iii) China
(iv) Brazil Options:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) iv, ii, iii, i
(C) iii, iv, i, ii
(D) i, iii, ii, iv
Answer:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv

Explanation:
The US boasts the world’s largest road network, followed by China and India, the world’s two most populous countries.

Question 17.

Arrange the countries from the highest to the lowest on total railway network: i?

(i) India
(ii) Russia
(iii) China
(iv) United States of America
Options:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) iv, iii, ii, i
(C) iii, ii, iv, i
(D) iv, iii, i, ii
Answer:
(B) iv, iii, ii, i

Explanation:
The factors that influence the development of the railways are the relief features of the region, the density of population, the availability of natural resources and the level of economic development.

Question 18.

Arrange the canals from the longest to the smallest.

(i) Grand canal, China
(ii) Qaraqum canal, Russia
(iii) Saimaa canal, Russia
(iv) Eurasia canal, Russia Options:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) ii, i, iii, iv
(C) iv, iii, i, ii
(D) i, iv, ii, iii
Answer:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv

Explanation:
The Grand Canal, known to the i Chinese as the Jing-Hang Grand Canal, is the longest canal or artificial river in the world.

Question 19.

Which airport is the world’s busiest airport?( as per 2020)

(A) Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport , China
(B) Chennai International Airport, Chennai
(C) Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Atlanta
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport , China

Explanation:
Guangzhou Baiyun International I Airport was China’s third-busiest and world’s 11th- busiest airport by passenger traffic, with65.8 million passengers handled.

Question 20.

…………… is the world of electronic computerised space.

(A) Cyberspace
(B) Cyber crime
(C) Cyber cell
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Cyberspace

Explanation:
Cyberspace is the global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the Internet, telecommunications networks, etc.

Question 21.

A fiber- optic cable is also known as an:

(A) lined cable
(B) optical- fiber cable
(C) Think fiber cable
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(B) optical- fiber cable

Explanation:
A fiber- optic cable is an assembly similar to an electrical cable, but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light.

Question 22.

The American Telegraph and Telephone Company was established in ………….

(A) 1885
(B) 1895
(C) 1875
(D) 1865
Answer:
(A) 1885

Explanation:
The American Telegraph and Telephone Company was established on 3rd March 1885.

Question 23.

The …………… is a vast network that computers all over the world.

(A) Internet
(B) Satellite
(C) Communication
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Internet

Explanation:
Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate from anywhere with an Internet connection.

Question 24.

……………… is an information system where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators, which may be interlinked by hyper links, and are accessible over the Internet.

(A) World wide wed
(B) World wide web
(C) World wide world
(D) World wide watch
Answer:
(A) World wide wed

Explanation:
The internet is a huge network of computers all connected together. The 1 world wide web (‘www’ or ‘web’ for short) is a collection of webpages found on this network of computers.

Assertion and Reason Based MCQs

Directions: in the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the corred choice as:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) AistruebutRisfalse.
(D) A is take and R is thie,

Question 1.

Assertion (A): Transport is a service or facility for the carnage of persons and goods from one place to the other using humans, animals and different kinds of vehicles.
Reason (R): Such movements take place over land,water and air. R

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
In other words, the action of transport is defined as a particular movement of an organism or thing 1mm a point A to a point B.

Question 2.

Assertion (A): Trans – continental railways connect two ends of a continent.
Reason (R): They are essential for transportation of not only passengers but mainly of freight.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Trans-continental railways are instrumental in economic life of a country. They were constructed for economic and political reasons to facilitate long runs between the two continents.

Question 3.

Assertion (A): Transportation is an organised service industry.
Reason (R): It is created to satisfy the basic needs of society.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Transportation is an organised service industry as it helps in timely delivering I I of their services and products. It also helps the passengers to reach their destination in time.

Question 4.

Assertion (A): Most of the movement of goods and services takes place over land.
Reason (R): In the densely populated districts of India and China, overland transport still takes place by human porters or carts drawn or pushed by humans.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Most of the transport or physical Imovement of goods and passengers takes place over land. This movement takes place on road, rail or pipe.

Question 5.

Assertion (A): The quality of the roads varies greatly between developed and developing countries.
Reason (R): The road construction and maintenance require heavy expenditure.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
In developed countries good quality roads are universal and provide long-distance links and inter-state highways for speedy movement. Lorries,of increasing size and power to carry heavy loads, are common. 1 But unfortunately, the world’s road system is not well developed in developing countries.

Question 6.

Assertion (A): Highways are metalled roads connecting distant places.
Reason (R): In developed countries, every city and port town is linked through highways.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Highways are metalled roads connecting distant places. They are constructed in a manner for unobstructed vehicular movement.

Question 7.

Assertion (A): Railways are a mode of land transport for bulky goods and passengers over long distances.
Reason (R): The railway gauges are same in all the countries.

Answer:
(C) AistruebutRisfalse.

Explanation:
The railway gauge is different in different countries as each country build gauge according to their design and requirements.

Question 8.

Assertion (A): The industrial regions exhibit some of the highest densities in the world.
Reason (R): Europe has one of the most dense rail networks in the world.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
More populated the region, higher will be the density of rail network.

Question 9.

Assertion (A): One of the great advantages of water transportation is that it does not require route construction.
Reason (R): The oceans are linked with each other and are negotiable with ships of various sizes.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Water transport operates on a g natural track and hence does not any route construction.

Question 10.

Assertion (A): Russia has a large number of developed waterways.
Reason (R): The Volga is one of the most important waterways of Russia.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
The Volga River is the most important river in Russia. Not only is it the longest river in Europe, but the Volga is also the cradle of Russian civilization.

Question 11.

Assertion (A): Air transport has brought about a connectivity revolution in the world.
Reason (R): Valuable cargo can be moved rapidly on a world-wide scale. It is often the only means to reach inaccessible areas.’

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: The frictions created by mountainous snow fields or inhospitable desert terrains have been overcome by the air g transport. The accessibility has increased. At present no place in the world is more than 35 hours away.

Question 12.

Assertion (A): Human beings have used different methods long-distance communications of which the telegraph and the telephone were important. Reason (R): The telephone became a critical factor in the urbanisation of America.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
The introduction of telephone has increased the urban population ever since.

Case-Based MCQs

I. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Roads laid along international boundaries are called border roads. They play an important role in integrating people in remote areas with major cities and providing defence. Almost all countries have such roads to transport goods to border villages and military camps. Railways are a mode of land transport for bulky goods and passengers over long distances. The railway gauges vary in different countries and are roughly classified as broad(more than 1.5 m), standard (1.44 m), metre gauge (1 m) and smaller gauges.

The standard gauge is used in the U.K. Commuter trains are very popular in U.K., U.S.A, Japan and India. These carry millions of passengers daily to and from in the city. There are about 13 lakh km of railways open for traffic in the world. Europe has one of the most dense rail networks in the world. There are about 4,40,000 km of railways, most of which is double or multiple- tracked.

Belgium has the highest density of 1 km of railway for every 6.5 sq kms area. The industrial regions exhibit some of the highest densities in the world. The important rail heads are London, Paris, Brussels, Milan, Berlin and Warsaw. Passenger transport is more important than freight in many of these countries. Underground railways are important in London and Paris. Channel Tunnel, operated by Euro Tunnel Group through England, connects London with Paris.

Question 1.

Roads laid along international boundaries are called:

(A) border roads
(B) Railroads
(C) Security roads
(D) Rural roads
Answer:
(A) border roads

Explanation:
Border roads are constructed and maintained by Border Roads Organisation (BRO) which was set up in 1960 by the govern-ment of India.

Question 2.

What is the measurement of standard gauge?

(A) 1.44 m
(B) 1.39 m
(C) 1.47 m
(D) 1.48m
Answer:
(A) 1.44 m

Explanation:
The standard gauge is also called International gauge and uniform gauge.

Question 3.

What is the other name of underground railway system?

(A) Subway
(B) Tube
(C) Metro
(D) All of t
Answer:
(D) All of t

Explanation:
Underground railway system is built under city streets for ease of construction, but they may take shortcuts and sometimes must pass under rivers.

Question 4.

Where is highest density of railways found?

(A) Rural areas
(B) Urban areas
(C) Administrative areas
(D) Industrial areas
Answer:
(D) Industrial areas

Explanation:
The railways density is more in 1 industrial areas because the heavy and bulky material produced in industries cannot be transported by any other means apart from railways.

II. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Suez canal had been constructed in 1869 in Egypt between Port Said in the north and Port Suez in the south linking the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. It gives Europe a new gateway to the Indian Ocean and reduces direct sea-route distance between Liverpool and Colombo compared to the Cape of Good Hope route. It is a sea-level canal without locks which is about 160 km and 11 to 15 m deep.

About 100 ships travel daily and each ship takes 10-12 hours to cross this canal. The tolls are so heavy that some find it cheaper to go by the longer Cape Route whenever the consequent delay is not important. A railway follows the canal to Suez, and from Ismailia there is a branch line to Cairo. A navigable fresh-water canal from the Nile also joins the Suez Canal in Ismailia to supply fresh-water to Port Said and Suez.

Question 1.

When was the Suez Canal constructed?

(A) 1889
(B) 1879
(C) 1869
(D) 1859
Answer:
(C) 1869

Explanation:
The Suez Canal is an artificial sea- level waterway which was built in 1869.

Question 2.

Which country owns the Suez Canal?

(A) Egypt
(B) Cairo
(C) Saudi Arabia
(D) Nigeria
Answer:
(A) Egypt

Explanation:
The Suez Canal was owned and operated for 87 years by the French and the | British. The current owner of Suez Canal is
Egypt-

Question 3.

Why is Suez Canal important?

(A) Provides trade links
(B) Shortest maritime route from Europe to Asia
(C) Pirate free route
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) Shortest maritime route from Europe to Asia

Explanation:
The Suez Canal is important because it is the shortest maritime route from Europe to Asia. The Suez Canal allows transportation between Europe and Asia without having to go around the entire continent of Africa.

Question 4.

Suez Canal connects which two water bodies?

(A) Indian Sea with South China Sea
(B) Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean
(C) Red Sea to Indian Ocean
(D) Pacific Sea to Arctic Sea
Answer:
(B) Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean

Explanation:
The Suez Canal was constructed as a waterway between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea.

III. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Air transport is the fastest means of transportation, but it is very costly. Being fast, it is preferred by passengers for long-distance travel. Valuable cargo can be moved rapidly on a world-wide scale. It is often the only means to reach inaccessible areas. Air transport has brought about a connectivity revolution in the world. The frictions created by mountainous now fields or inhospitable desert terrains have been overcome. The accessibility has increased.

The air-plane brings varied articles to the Eskimos in Northern Canada unhindered by the frozen ground. In the Himalayan region, the routes are often obstructed due to landslides, avalanches or heavy snow fall. At such times, air travel is the only alternative to reach a place. Airways also have great strategic importance.

The air strikes by U.S. and British forces in Iraq bears testimony to this fact. The airways network is expanding very fast. The manufacturing of air crafts and their operations require elaborate infrastructure like hangars, landing, fuelling, and maintenance facilities for the air crafts. The construction of airports is also very expensive and has developed more in highly industrialised countries where there is a large volume of traffic.

Although, U.K. pioneered the use of commercial jet transport, U.S.A. developed largely post-War international civil aviation. Today, more than 250 commercial airlines offer regular services to different parts of the world. Recent developments can change the future course of air transport. Supersonic aircraft, cover the distance between London and New York within three and a half hours.

Question 1.

Why is air transport preferred by passengers for long-distance travel?

(A) Costly means of transport
(B) Fastest means of transport
(C) Longest means of transport
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) Fastest means of transport

Explanation:
Air travel reduces time taken to travel and makes one reach his/her destination fast

Question 2.

What revolution has been brought by the air transport?

(A) Connectivity
(B) Stability
(C) Infrastructure
(D) Political
Answer:
(A) Connectivity

Explanation:
Air transport has linked the major cities and small communities of the world 24 hours a day.

Question 3.

Who pioneered the use of commercial jet transport?

(A) USA
(B) UK
(C) Germany
(D) USSR
Answer:
(B) UK

Explanation: The British Overseas Aircraft Corporation (BOAC) of UK pioneered the world’s first commercial jet service.

Question 4.

………….. is an aircraft able to fly faster than the speed of sound.

(A) Supersonic aircraft
(B) Fighter aircraft
(C) Commercial aircraft
(D) Military aircraft
Answer:
(A) Supersonic aircraft

Explanation:
A supersonic aircraft is an aircraft capable of supersonic flight, which is an aircraft able to fly faster than the speed of sound.

MCQ Questions for Class 12 Geography with Answers

Transport and Communication Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers

Transport And Communication MCQ Chapter 10 Question 1.

India has one of the largest road networks in the world with a total length of :

(A) 33.1 lakh km (2005)
(B) 22.1 lakh km(2005)
(C) 11.1 lakh km (2005)
(D) 34.1 lakh km (2005)
Answer:
(A) 33.1 lakh km (2005)

MCQs On Transport And Communication Class 12 Question 2.

The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was operationalised in …………..

(C) 1996
(B) 1995
(C) 1997
(D) 1998
Answer:
(C) 1997

Explanation:
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is an autonomous agency of the Government of India, set up in 1995 and is responsible for management of a network of over 50,000 km of National Highways out of a 1,32,499 km in India.

Transport And Communication MCQs Class 12 Question 3.

State Highways are constructed and maintained by:

(A) Village Government
(B) State Government
(C) ITBP
(D) Central Government
Answer:
(B) State Government

Explanation:
The state highways are maintained by the respective states or union territories through their Public Works Department (PWD).

Transport And Communication Class 12 MCQ Question 4.

The density of roads is high in most of the:

(A) northern states and major southern states
(B) the mountainous terrains
(C) the desert area
(D) None of these
AnsweR:
(A) northern states and major southern states

Explanation:
The density of roads is high in 1 North India because of high concentration of industries and urbanisation in these areas. Building material is locally available. High f density of 50-100 km is also found in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh of the northern plain. This is due to advanced agriculture, industry and urbanisation in these areas. Building material is obtained from the Himalayan region. Large parts of the Deccan plateau have moderate density of roads.

MCQs On Transport And Communication Chapter 10 Class 12 Question 5.

……………. is an important mode of transport for both passenger and heavy cargo traffic in India.

(A) Waterways
(B) Backwaters
(C) Road transport
(D) Pipeline
Answer:
(A) Waterways

Explanation:
Waterways are an important mode of transport for both passenger and cargo traffic in India. It is the cheapest means of transport and is most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky material. It is a fuel-efficient § and eco-friendly mode of transport.

Transport And Communication MCQ Class 12 Chapter 10 Question 6.

The backwaters (Kadal) of Kerala has special significance in:

(A) inland waterway
(B) oceanic waterway
(C) international waterways
(D) tourist waterways
Answer:
(A) inland waterway

Explanation:
Connected by artificial canals, the backwaters form an economical means of transport and a large local trade is carried on by inland navigation

MCQs On Transport And Communication Pdf Class 12 Question 7.

transport is the fastest means of movement from one place to the other.

(A) Air
(B) Water
(C) Road
(D) Pipeline
Answer:
(A) Air

Explanation:
The air travel, today, is the § fastest, most comfortable and prestigious j mode of transport. It has reduced distances by minimising the travel time. It is very essential § for a vast country like India, where distances § are large and the terrain and climatic conditions are diverse.

Question 8.

Air transport in India started in :

(A) 1911
(B) 1922
(C) 1933
(D) 1944
Answer:
(A) 1911

Question 11.

India’s own launching vehicle is called:

(A) Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
(B) Polar Satellite Attack Vehicle
(C) Polar Satellite Receiving Vehicle
(D) Polar Satellite Reacting Vehicle
Answer:
(A) Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle

Explanation:
The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle g is an expendable medium-lift launch vehicle designed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation

Question 12.

Name the railway line that was constructed between Roha in Maharashtra and Mangalore in Karnataka.

(A) Konkan Railways
(B) Western Railways
(C) Southern Railways
(D) Deccan Railways
Answer:
(A) Konkan Railways

Explanation:
The Konkan Railway takes you on a breathtaking journey through rugged mountains, lush valleys, sunlit paddy fields, bustling villages and glistening rivers that lead out to sea.

Question 13.

Arrange the correct sequence of column II against the column I:

Column I	Column II
(i) NHI	1. 534km
(ii) NH2	2. 1,326 km
(iii) NH3	3. 556 km
(iv) H4	4. 230 km

Options:
(A) (i)-1 (ii) -3, (iii) -2, (iv) -4
(5) (i)-1. (ii)-2, (iii)-3, (iv)-4
(C) (i)-3, (ii)-1, (iii)-4. (iv)4
(D) (i)4. (ii)-2 (iii)-1, (iv)-3
Answer:
(A) (i)-). (ii) -3, (iii) -2, (iv) -4

Question 14.

Operation. maintenance and deelupmriir ut National Highways S done by:

(A) NiNA
(Dl NHiA
(C) NHAI
(D) NM-ti
Answer:
(C) NHAI

Explanation:
Major function of the National Highways Authority of India C’JHAE) Is Operation. maintenance and development of National Highways. It a nodal agency of the Ministry 0E Road Transport and Highways.

Question 15.

Name the terminal stations of East West Corridor.

(A) Assam and Bagdogra
(B) Manipur and Bengaluru
(C) Silchar and Porbandar
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(C) Silchar and Porbandar

Explanation:
Silchar and Porbandar are the terminal stations of the East West corridor. Jhansi is the junction of both the corridors.

Question 16.

Name the boat race that is held in the backwaters of Kerala.

(A) Nallamkali
(B) Vallamkali
(C) Kallamkali
(D) Hellamkali
Answer:
(B) Vallamkali

Explanation:
The famous Nehru Trophy Boat I Race (VALLAMKALI) is held in the backwaters.

Question 17.

Inland Waterways Authority was set up in:

(A) 1966
(B) 1976
(C) 1986
(D) 1996
Answer:
(C) 1986

Explanation:
Forthedevelopment, maintenance and regulation of national waterways in the country, the Inland Waterways Authority was set up in 1986.

Question 18.

Arrange the correct sequence of column II against the column I:

Column I	Column II
(i) Ganga- Bhagìrathi- Hooghly River System	1. NW 2
(ii) Brahmaputra River	2. NW 3
(iii) Kollam to Kottapuram	3. NW1
(iv) Godavari and Krishna River Canal	4. NW 4

Options:
(A) (i)-3, (ii)-1, (iii)-2. (iv)-4
(B) (i)-4. (i)-2(iii)-1. (iv)-3
(C) (i)-3, (i)-2 (mi)-4. (iv)-1
(D) (i)-1. (ii)-2. (111)-3, (iv)4
Answer:
(A) (i)-3, (ii)-1, (iii)-2. (iv)-4

Explanation:
Thc ven Enjor rivers slong with their numen,us tributañes make up the river system of India Most of the rivers pour their wafers info the Bavol Bengal.

Question 19.

Low many types of waterways are found in India?

(A) Marsh
(B) Inland water
(C) Creek
(D) River
Answer:
(C) Creek

Explanation:
The witcr transport is o two types – (a) inland waterways and (b) oceanic waterways.

Question 20.

…………… means narrow, sheltered water way. especially an in a hcwdine of a channel in a marsh.

(a) Marsh
(B) Inland waler
(C) Creek
(D) Riwr
Answer:
(C) Creek

Explanation:
Creek is a natural stream of water normally smaller than and often tributary to a river.

Question 21.

There are …………….. National Waterways in India.

(A) 111
(B) 112
(C) 113
(D) 114
Answer:
(A) 111

Explanation:
There are 111 officially notified Inland National Waterways (NWs) in India S identified for the purpose of inland water transport, as per The National Waterways Act, 2016. Out of the 111 NWs, 106 were created in 2016.

Question 22.
Arrange the correct sequence of pipelines column I against column II:

Column I	Column II
(i) Naharkatia-Nunmati-Barauni	1. Crude Oil
(ii) Mumbai High-Mumbai Ankleshwar-Kayoli	2. LPG
(iii) Hajira-Bijapur-Jagdishpur	3. Gas
(iv) Jamnagar-Loni	4. Crude oil and Natural Gas

Options
(A) (1)-1, (ii)-4, (111)-3, (iv)-2
(B) (i)-2, (ii)-1, (iii)-4, (iv)-1
(C) (i)-3, (ii)-2, (iii)-1, (iv)-4
(D) (i)-4, (ii)-1, (iii)-3, (iv)-2
Answer:
(A) (1)-1, (ii)-4, (111)-3, (iv)-2

Explanation:
Pipelines are ideal for the unidirectional flow of goods and inflationary influences have minimal effect on the transport cost.

Question 23.
To help the Indian exporters and make their export more competitive, the government had introduced an ………….. Policy for cargo.
(A) Closed Sky
(B) Fly Sky
(C) Free Sky
(D) Open Sky
Answer:
(D) Open Sky

Explanation:
The Open Sky Policy allows the government to enter into an open sky’ air services agreement on a reciprocal basis with SAARC nations as well as countries beyond a 5,000-kilometre radius from New Delhi.

Question 24.

When did the government adopt the Open Sky Policy for cargo?

(A) 1990
(B) 1991
(C) 1992
(D) 1993
Answer:
(A) 1990

Explanation:
A policy of “open skies” for air cargo was adopted in 1990, initially for a three-year period and extended in 1992 on a permanent basis.

Question 25.

The ………….. is responsible for providing safe efficient air traffic and aeronautical communication services in the Indian Air Space.

(A) The Air Authority of India
(B) The Airport Authority of India
(C) The Airspace Authority of India
(D) The Aircraft Authority of India
Answer:
(B) The Airport Authority of India

Explanation:
An airport authority is an independent entity charged with the operation and oversight of an airport or group of airports. The Airport Authority of India is responsible for providing safe, efficient air traffic and aeronautical communication services in the Indian Air Space.

Question 26.

Pawan Hans Limited was incorporated in as the Helicopter Corporation of India (HCI).

(A) 1965
(B) 1955
(C) 1975
(D) 1985
Answer:
(D) 1985

Explanation:
Pawan Hans Limited is the country’s national helicopter company which helps in providing helicopter support services to the oil sector for its off-shore exploration operations as well as services m remote areas.

Question 27.

The communication among masses is known as:

(A) Communication
(B) Personal communication
(C) Mass communication
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(C) Mass communication

Explanation:
Mass communication is the process of imparting and exchanging information through mass media to large segments of the population.

Question 28.

The National Remote Sensing Centre is located at:

(A) Chennai
(B) Hyderabad
(C) Secundrabad
(D) Nasirabad
Answer:
(B) Hyderabad

Explanation:
National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) at Hyderabad is responsible for remote sensing satellite data acquisition and processing, data dissemination, aerial remote sensing and decision support for disaster management.

Question 29.

The communication between person to person is known as :

(A) Mass communication
(B) Personal communication
(C) Group communication
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(B) Personal communication

Explanation:
Personal communication is the process by which people exchange j information, feelings and meaning through verbal and non- verbal messages: it is face-to-face communication.

Question 30.

Radio, television, newspapers, books, magazines, etc., are examples of:

(A) Giving sermon
(B) Mass communication
(C) Giving instruction
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(B) Mass communication

Explanation:
Mass communication is practiced through multiple mediums, such as radio, television, social networking, billboards, newspapers, magazines, books, film and the Internet.

Question 31.

The is like a huge central warehouse of data, with detailed information on various items.

(A) internet
(B) classroom
(C) newspaper
(D) radio
Answer:
(A) internet

Explanation:
The Internet is a vast network that connects computers all over the world. Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate from anywhere with an Internet connection.

Question 32.

The IRS satellite system became operational with the launching of IRS-IA in March from Vaikanour in Russia.

(A) 1988
(B) 1999
(C) 1966
(D) 1977
Answer:
(A) 1988

Explanation:
India began development of an indigenous Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellite program to support the national economy in the areas of agriculture, water resources, forestry and ecology, geology, water sheds, marine fisheries, coastal management, weather forecasting, natural calamities and disaster management.

Assertion and Reason Based MCQs

Directions:
In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true.

Question 1.

Assertion (A): Transportation of people and goods by road transport is not new in India.
Reason (R): Since ancient times, pathways and unmetalled roads have been in use for this purpose.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
With the technological advancement, there are now metalled roads, railways, cableways and pipelines for movement of large volume of goods and passengers.

Question 2 .

Assertion (A): Human beings use various methods to move goods, commodities, ideas from one place to another.
Reason (R): We use very few items in our daily life.

Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false.

Explanation: The use of transport and communication depends upon our need to move things from place of their availability to the place of their use.

Question 3.

Assertion (A): India has one of the second largest road networks in the world.
Reason (R): These road networks transport 64.5% of all goods in the country and 90% of India’s total passenger traffic uses road network to commute.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
India has a total road length of 42.3 lakhs km that places it among the countries 1 which have largest road network.

Question 4.

Assertion (A): The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was operationalised in 1995.
Reason (R): It is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Surface Transport.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
It is responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways. This is also the apex body to improve the quality of the roads j designated as National Highway.

Question 5.

Assertion (A): Water transport is the cheapest means of transport.
Reason (R): It is a fuel efficient and eco-friendly mode of transport.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Water is the cheapest means of transport because the fuel used to run is less than land transport. Building of infrastructure like roads and bridges is not required. It is also used to carry bulky goods easily.

Question 6.

Assertion (A): Inland waterways were the chief mode of transport before the advent of railways. Reason (R): However it faced tough competition from road and railway transport.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
India has an extensive network of J inland waterways in the form of rivers, canals, backwaters and creek.

Question 7.

Assertion (A): Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) was established in the year 1986.
Reason (R): It was established for development and regulation of inland waterways for shipping and navigation. 0

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
The Inland Waterways Authority has also identified 10 other inland waterways, which could be upgraded.

Question 8.

Assertion (A): The backwaters (Kadal) of Kerala has special significance in Inland Waterway.
Reason (R): The famous Nehru Boat Race (VALLAMKALI) is held in the backwaters. R

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

“Explanation:
Apart from providing cheap J means of transport, they are also attracting a | large number of tourists in Kerala.

Question 9.

Assertion (A): Air transport is the slowest means of movement from one place to the other.
Reason (R): It is essential for a vast country like India, where distances are large and the terrain and climatic conditions are diverse.

Answer:
(D) A is false and R is true.

Explanation:
Air transport is the fastest means § of movement from one place to the other. It has reduced distances by minimising the travel time.

Question 10.

Assertion (A): The Airport Authority of India is responsible for providing safe, efficient air traffic and aeronautical communication services in the Indian Air space.
Reason (R): It manages 126 airports including 11 international, 86 domestic and 29 civil enclaves at defence air fields.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
The airport authority of India overlooks into the operation and oversight of an airport or group of airports.

Question 11.

Assertion (A): The air transport in India is managed by Air India.
Reason (R): Many private companies have also started passenger services.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Air India provides International Air Services for both passengers and cargo traffic. It connects all the continents of the world through its services.

Question 12.

Assertion (A): In 2010, domestic movement involved 520.21 lakh passengers and about 23 lakh metric tonnes of cargo.
Reason (R): Pawan Hans is a helicopter service operating in the coastal areas.

Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false

Explanation:
Pawan Hans is the helicopter service operating in hilly areas and is widely used by tourists in north-eastern sector. Pawan Hans Limited mainly provides helicopter services to petroleum sector and for tourism.

Question 13.

Assertion (A): Pipelines are the most convenient and efficient mode of transporting liquids and gases over long distances.
Reason (R): Even solids can also be transported by pipelines after converting them into slurry. [U]

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Pipelines transport crude oil I and gas to refineries for processing into the 1 products we use every day.

Question 14.

Assertion (A): Human beings have evolved different methods of communication over time.
Reason (R): Invention of post-office, telegraph, printing press, telephone, satellite, etc., has made the communication much faster and easier.

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Development in the field of 1 science and technology has significantly I contributed in bringing about revolution in the 1 field of communication.

Question 15.

Assertion (A): Among all the personal communication system internet is the most effective and advanced one.
Reason (R): It enables the user to establish direct contact through e-mail to get access to the world of knowledge and information.

Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Internet is widely used in urban areas. It is increasingly used for e-commerce and carrying out money transactions.

Question 16.

Assertion (A): Satellites are mode of communication in themselves as well as they regulate the use of other means of communication.
Reason (R): Satellite images can be used for the weather forecast, monitoring of natural calamities, surveillance of border areas, etc. 0]

Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Satellite communication refers to any communication link that involves the use of an artificial satellite in its propagation path. Satellite communication plays a vital role in modern life.

Case-Based MCQs

I. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Indian Railways network is one of the longest in the world. It facilitates the movement of both freight and passengers and contributes to the growth of the economy. Indian Railway was introduced in 1853, when a line was constructed from Bombay to Thane covering a distance of 34 km. Indian Railways is the largest government undertaking in the country. The length of Indian Railways network was 66,030 km as on 31st March, 2015. Its very large size puts a lot of pressure on the centralised railway management system. Thus, in India, the railway system has been divided into 16 zones. Indian

Railways has launched extensive programme to convert the metre and narrow gauges to broad gauge. Moreover, steam engines have been replaced by diesel and electric engines. This step has increased the speed, as well as, the haulage capacity. The replacement of steam engines run by coal has also improved the environment of the stations.

Question 1.

Which is the largest railway network in Asia?

(A) Indian railways
(B) Trans-Siberian
(C) Australian railways
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(A) Indian railways

Explanation:
Indian Railways is the largest rail Inetwork in Asia and the world’s second largest under one management.

Question 2.

When was Indian Railways introduced?

(A) 1841
(B) 1843
(C) 1853
(D) 1863
Answer:
(C) 1853

Explanation:
On 16th April, 1853, the first passenger train ran between Bori Bunder (Bombay) and Thane, a distance of 34 km.

Question 3.

Which is the longest railway track in India?

(A) Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari
(B) Trivandrum to Jammu
(C) Manipur to Jamnagar
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(A) Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari

Explanation:
It joins Dibrugarh in Assam, North-East India to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu which is the southernmost tip of Mainland India.

Question 4.

Why is electric engine considered more efficient than the traditional diesel engine?

(A) Cost effective
(B) Higher speed
(C) More accurate
(D) All of these
Answer:
(D) All of these

II. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow.
India has one of the second largest road networks in the world with a total length of about 56 lakh km (morth.nic.in, Annual Report 2017-18). About 85 per cent of passengers and 70 per cent of freight traffic are carried by roads every year. Road transport is relatively suitable for shorter distance travel. Road transport in modern sense was very limited in India before World War-II. The first serious attempt was made in 1943 when ‘Nagpur Plan’ was drawn.

This plan could not be implemented due to lack of coordination among the princely states and British India. After Independence, twenty-year road plan (1961) was introduced to improve the conditions of roads in India. However, roads continue to concentrate in and around urban centres. Rural and remote areas had the least connectivity by road. For the purpose of construction and maintenance, roads are classified as National Highways (NH), State Highways (SH), Major District Roads and Rural Roads.

Question 1.

What is the length of the Indian road networks as per Annual Report 2017-18?

(A) 56 lakh km
(B) 46 lakh km
(C) 36 lakh km
(D) 26 lakh km
Answer:
(A) 56 lakh km

Question 2.

How much passenger traffic is carried out by roads every year?

(A) 70%
(B) 75%
(C) 80%
(D) 85%
Answer:
(D) 85%

Explanation:
Road transport provides a faster and less costly means of transporting goods over short distances.

Question 3.

What was purpose of the twenty-year road plan introduced after independence?

(A) Bifurcate the roads
(B) To introduce toll tax
(C) Improve the conditions of the road
(D) None of these
AnsweR:
(C) Improve the conditions of the road

Explanation:
In 1943, a twenty-year plan was proposed to increase the road network from 350,000 kilometres (220,000 mi) to 532,700 i kilometres (331,000 mi) by 1963, to achieve a road density of 16 km per 100 km2 of land.

Question 4.

State the importance of national highways.

(A) Connects important places
(B) Very less maintenance cost
(C) Disintegrates into smaller roads
(D) None of these
Answer:
(A) Connects important places

Explanation:
National highways connect capitals, important places, ports and places of strategic importance of various states.

III. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Air transport is the fastest means of movement from one place to the other. It has reduced distances by minimising the travel time. It is essential for a vast country like India, where distances are large and the terrain and climatic conditions are diverse. Air transport in India made a beginning in 1911 when airmail operation commenced over a little distance of 10 km between Allahabad and Naini. But its real development took place in post-independent period.

The Airport Authority of India is responsible for providing safe, efficient air traffic and aeronautical communication services in the Indian Air Space. The authority manages 125 airports. Now, many private companies have also started passenger services. Air India provides International Air Services for both passengers and cargo traffic. It connects all the continents of the world through its services. Some private companies have also started operations to foreign countries.

Question 1.

What is an example of air travel?

(A) Ferry
(B) Mountain truck
(C) Helicopter
(D) Crane
Answer:
(C) Helicopter

Explanation:
Transport helicopters are used to 1 ferry troops and supplies where the lack of an S airstrip would make transport difficult.

Question 2.

Who is responsible for providing safe, efficient air traffic and aeronautical communication services in the Indian Air Space?

(A) The Airport Community of India
(B) The Airport Authority of India
(C) The Airport Mission of India
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(B) The Airport Authority of India

Explanation:
The Airport Authority of India is responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing civil aviation infrastructure in India.

Question 3.

Why is air travel more expensive than land travel?

(A) Not very frequently taken
(B) High cost of fuel
(C) Limited air crafts available
(D) None of these
Answer:
(B) High cost of fuel

Explanation:
The cost of maintaining aircraft and fuel cost is higher and the costs for the 1 building of aerodromes and avions are much higher. That’s why air travel is so expensive.

Question 4.

Name one private airline operating in India.

(A) GoAir
(B) Air India
(C) Indian Airlines
(D) Emirates
Answer:
(A) GoAir

Explanation:
GoAir is an Indian ultra-low-cost airline based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. In October 2017, it was the fifth largest airline in 1 K India with an 8.4% passenger market share.

MCQ Questions for Class 12 Geography with Answers