CBSE Class 9

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitij Chapter 2 ल्हासा की ओर

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitij Chapter 2 ल्हासा की ओर.

पाठ्य-पुस्तक के प्रश्न-अभ्यास

प्रश्न 1.
थोड्ला के पहले के आखिरी गाँव पहुंचने पर भिखमंगे के वेश में होने के बावजूद लेखक को ठहरने के लिए उचित स्थान मिला जबकि दूसरी यात्रा के समय भद्र वेश भी उन्हें उचित स्थान नहीं दिला सका। क्यों?
उत्तर:
भिखमंगे के वेश में भी लेखक थोङ्ला के पहले के आखिरी गाँव में पहुँचने पर इसलिए ठहरने का अच्छा स्थान पा गया क्योंकि उसके साथ सुमति थे। उस गाँव में सुमति के जानने वाले थे। दूसरी यात्रा के समय सभ्य लोगों की वेशभूषा में था परंतु वह रुकने की जगह इसलिए नहीं पा सका क्योंकि उस गाँव के लोगों के लिए वह अजनबी था। इसके अलावा शाम के समय छङ् पीकर मदहोश हुए लोगों ने उसकी बात पर ध्यान नहीं दिया।

Class 9 Hindi NCERT Solutions will help you to score more marks in your CBSE board Examination.

प्रश्न 2.
उस समय के तिब्बत में हथियार का कानून न रहने के कारण यात्रियों को किस प्रकार का भय बना रहता था? [Imp.][CBSE]
उत्तर:
उस समय तिब्बत में हथियार का कानून न होने के कारण यात्रियों को हमेशा अपने जान और माल का खतरा रहता था। वहाँ के लोग आत्मरक्षा के लिए खुलेआम हथियार लेकर घूमते रहते थे। वहाँ अनेक निर्जन स्थान थे, जहाँ डाकुओं को किसी का भय नहीं रहता था। ऐसे स्थानों पर पुलिस का भी प्रबंध नहीं होता था। ऐसे में डाकू यात्रियों की पहले हत्या करते थे, फिर उससे माल लूटते थे।

प्रश्न 3.
लेखक लङ्कोर के मार्ग में अपने साथियों से किस कारण पिछड़ गया? [CBSE]
उत्तर:
लेखक लङ्कोर के मार्ग में अपने साथियों से इसलिए पिछड़ गया क्योंकि-

• उसका घोड़ा बहुत धीरे चल रहा था।
• वह रास्ता भटककर गलत रास्ते पर चला गया फिर वापस आया।

प्रश्न 4.
लेखक ने शेकर विहार में सुमति को उनके यजमानों के पास जाने से रोका, परंतु दूसरी बार रोकने का प्रयास क्यों नहीं किया? [Imp.][CBSE]
उत्तर:
शेकर विहार में सुमति के बहुत से यजमान रहते थे, जिनके पास जाकर सुमति गंडा बाँटते थे। बोधगया से लाए गए इन गंडों को बाँटने में अधिक समय लगता था, इसलिए लेखक ने समुति को यजमानों के पास जाने से रोका।

दूसरी बार लेखक को शेकर विहार के एक मंदिर में बुद्ध वचन अनुवाद की 103 पोथियाँ मिल गई थीं। इन भारी-भरकम पोथियों के अध्ययन से ज्ञानार्जन के लिए समय की आवश्यकता थी। लेखक उस समय इनके अध्ययन में रम चुका था, इसलिए उसने दूसरी बार सुमति को रोकने का प्रयास नहीं किया।

प्रश्न 5.
अपनी यात्रा के दौरान लेखक को किन कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा? [CBSE]
उत्तर:
तिब्बत यात्रा के दौरान निम्नलिखित कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा-

• उसे भिखमंगों के वेश में यात्रा करनी पड़ी।
• उसे धूप में जलते हुए तथा सरदी सहते हुए यात्रा करनी पड़ी।
• भरिया न मिलने पर उसे अपना सामान पीठ पर लादना पड़ा।
• उसे धीमा चलने वाला घोड़ा मिला जिससे वह विलंब से पहुँचा।
• वह सुमति के गुस्से का शिकार हुआ।
• उसे डाँड़े पर अपनी जान हथेली पर रखकर यात्रा करनी पड़ी।

प्रश्न 6.
प्रस्तुत यात्रा-वृत्तांत के आधार पर बताइए कि उस समय का तिब्बती समाज कैसा था? [Imp.][CBSE]
उत्तर:
प्रस्तुत यात्रा-वृत्तांत के आधार पर उस समय के तिब्बती समाज के बारे में पता चलता है कि

1. उस समय का तिब्बती समाज बहुत खुला था, जिसमें जाति-पाँति, छूआछूत, ऊँच-नीच जैसी बातें न थीं।
2. महिलाएँ पर्दा नहीं करती थीं। वे अपरिचितों को भी चाय बनाकर दे दिया करती थीं।
3. जान-पहचान के बिना लोग रात बिताने के लिए आश्रय नहीं देते थे।
4.  समाज में मदिरा-पान (छंङ्) का रिवाज था।
5. लोग धार्मिक प्रवृत्ति के तथा अंधविश्वासी थे जो गंडे के नाम पर साधारण कपड़ों के टुकड़ों पर भी विश्वास कर लेते थे।

प्रश्न 7.
‘मैं अब पुस्तकों के भीतर था।’ नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से कौन सा इस वाक्य का अर्थ बतलाता है
(क) लेखक पुस्तकें पढ़ने में रम गया।
(ख) लेखक पुस्तकों की शैल्फ के भीतर चला गया।
(ग) लेखक के चारों ओर पुस्तकें ही थीं।
(घ) पुस्तक में लेखक का परिचय और चित्र छपा था।
उत्तर:
लेखक पुस्तकें पढ़ने में रम गया।

रचना और अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 8.
सुमति के यजमान और अन्य परिचित लोग लगभग हर गाँव में मिले। इस आधार पर आप सुमति के व्यक्तित्व की किन विशेषताओं का चित्रण कर सकते हैं? [CBSE]
उत्तर:
सुमति के यजमान और उनके परिचित हर गाँव में लेखक को मिले। इससे सुमति के व्यक्तित्व की अनेक विशेषताएँ प्रकट होती हैं; जैसे|

1. सुमति मिलनसार एवं हँसमुख व्यक्ति थे, जो लोगों से समय-समय पर मिलते रहते थे।
2.  सुमति उन लोगों के बीच धर्मगुरु के समान थे, जो उन्हें बोधगया से लाए गंडे दिया करते थे।
3. सुमति समय के पाबंद थे। वे समय पर लेखक के न पहुँचने पर नाराज हो जाते
4.  सुमति लालची स्वभाव के व्यक्ति थे। वे यजमानों में बोधगया में लाए गंडे समाप्त हो जाने पर साधारण कपड़े का गंडा उन्हें देकर धन प्राप्त करते थे।
5.  सुमति बौद्ध धर्म में आस्था रखते थे तथा तिब्बत का अच्छा भौगोलिक ज्ञान रखते थे।
6. वे आतिथ्य सत्कार में कुशल थे। उन्होंने लेखक को इंतजार करते हुए चाय को तीन बार गर्म किया।

प्रश्न 9.
हालाँकि उस वक्त मेरा भेष ऐसा नहीं था कि उन्हें कुछ भी खयाल करना चाहिए था।’
–उक्त कथन के अनुसार हमारे आचार-व्यवहार के तरीके वेशभूषा के आधार पर तय होते हैं। आपकी समझ से यह उचित है अथवा अनुचित, विचार व्यक्त करें।
उत्तर:
यह सही है कि वेशभूषा हमारे आचार-विचार के तय करने में महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते हैं। जिस व्यक्ति की वेशभूषा अच्छी होती है वह आदर का पात्र बन जाता है। इसके विपरीत खराब वेषभूषा हमें उपेक्षा का पात्र बना देती है। मेरे विचार से वेशभूषा के आधार पर हमारे आचार-विचार और व्यवहार का आँकलन नहीं किया जाता है। हमारे देश के ऋषि-मुनि और महापुरुषों ने सादा जीवन उच्च विचार को महत्त्व देते हुए अत्यंत साधारण वेशभूषा में रहकर उच्च कोटि का कार्य किया है। अच्छे पहनावे से ही कोई व्यक्ति महान नहीं बन जाता है।

प्रश्न 10.
यात्रा-वृत्तांत के आधार पर तिब्बत की भौगोलिक स्थिति का शब्द-चित्र प्रस्तुत करें। वहाँ की स्थिति आपके राज्य/शहर से किस प्रकार भिन्न है? [Imp.][CBSE]
उत्तर:
तिब्बत भारत के उत्तर में स्थित है जो नेपाल का पड़ोसी देश है। इसकी सीमा भारत और चीन से लगती है। यह समुद्रतल से सत्रह-अठारह हजार फीट ऊँचाई पर है। इस पहाड़ी प्रदेश के रास्ते बहुत ही ऊँचे-नीचे हैं। यहाँ पहाड़ों के मोड़ सुनसान और खतरनाक हैं। यहाँ दूर-दूर तक आबादी नहीं होती है।
यहाँ एक ओर हिमालय की ऊँची चोटियाँ हैं तो दूसरी ओर नंगे पहाड़ हैं। यहाँ की जलवायु भी अनुपम है। धूप वाले भाग में जहाँ तेज गर्मी पड़ती है वहीं छाया वाले भाग में खूब ठंडक होती है। थोला यहाँ का दुर्गम डाँड़ा है। तिी एक विशाल मैदानी भाग है, जिसके चारों ओर पहाड़ है। यहाँ बीच में एक पहाड़ी है, जिस पर देवालय स्थित है।

प्रश्न 11.
आपने भी किसी स्थान की यात्रा अवश्य की होगी? यात्रा के दौरान हुए अनुभवों को लिखकर प्रस्तुत करें।
उत्तर:
छात्र अपने अनुभव के आधार पर स्वयं लिखें।

प्रश्न 12.
यात्रा-वृत्तांत गद्य साहित्य की एक विधा है। आपकी इस पाठ्यपुस्तक में कौन-कौन सी विधाएँ हैं? प्रस्तुत विधा उनसे किन मायनों में अलग है?
उत्तर:
हमारी पाठ्यपुस्तक ‘क्षितिज’ भाग-1 में निम्नलिखित पाठ और विधाएँ हैं

प्रस्तुत विधा (यात्रा-वृत्तांत) अन्य विधाओं-कहानी, संस्मरण, व्यंग्य, निबंध आदि से अलग है। इसमें लेखक ने यात्रा की समस्त वस्तुओं, व्यक्तियों तथा घटनाओं का वर्णन किया है। इससे तिब्बत का भौगोलिक परिदृश्य हमारी आँखों के सामने सजीव हो उठता। है। वहाँ के सुनसान इलाकों, पहाड़ी भागों के अलावा सामाजिक रीतिरिवाजों, भाषा एवं संस्कृति की जानकारी मिलती है। इस तरह यह अन्य विधाओं से अलग है।

भाषा-अध्ययन

प्रश्न 13.
किसी भी बात को अनेक प्रकार से कहा जा सकता है, जैसे सुबह होने से पहले हमें गाँव में थे। पौ फटने वाली थी कि हम गाँव में थे। तारों की छाँव रहते-रहते हम गाँव पहुँच गए। नीचे दिए गए वाक्य को अलग-अलग तरीके से लिखिए ‘जान नहीं पड़ता था कि घोड़ा आगे जा रहा है या पीछे।’
उत्तर:
इस वाक्य को इन तरीकों से लिखा जा सकता है-
इसका पता ही नहीं चल पा रहा था कि घोड़ा आगे जा रहा है या पीछे।
यह ज्ञान ही नहीं हो रहा था कि घोड़ा आगे जा रहा है या पीछे।
यह अनुमान लगाना कठिन हो रहा था कि घोड़ा आगे जा रहा है या पीछे।

प्रश्न 14.
ऐसे शब्द जो किसी ‘अंचल’ यानी क्षेत्र विशेष में प्रयुक्त होते हैं उन्हें आंचलिक शब्द कहा जाता है। प्रस्तुत पाठ में से आंचलिक शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
उत्तर:
पाठ में आए हुए आंचलिक शब्द फरी-कलिङपोङ, चोड़ी, खोटी, राहदारी, छ, थोङ्ला, डांड़ा, कुची-कुची, लङ्कोर, कंडे, भीटा, थुक्पा, गाँव-गिराँव, भरिया, गंडा, तिी कन्जुर

प्रश्न 15.
पाठ में कागज़, अक्षर, मैदान के आगे क्रमशः मोटे, अच्छे और विशाल शब्दों का प्रयोग हुआ है। इन शब्दों : से उनकी विशेषता उभर कर आती है। पाठ में से कुछ ऐसे ही और शब्द छाँटिए जो किसी की विशेषता बता रहे हों।
उत्तर:
व्यापारिक, फौज़ी, चीनी, परिव्यक्त, निम्न, अपरिचित, टोंटीदार, विकट, निर्जन, अगला, नंगे, सर्वोच्च, रंग-बिरंगे, लाल, अच्छा, गरमागरम, लालच, पतला, तेज़, छोटे-छोटे आदि।

• यह यात्रा राहुल जी ने 1930 में की थी। आज के समय यदि तिब्बत की यात्रा की जाए तो राहुल जी की यात्रा से कैसे भिन्न होगी?
उत्तर:
आजकल काठमांडू से ल्हासा वायुयान द्वारा एक घण्टे में पहुँचा जा सकता है। -या काठमांडू से ल्हासा, जीप द्वारा लगभग 900 किलो मीटर की सड़क यात्रा द्वारा पहुँचा जा सकता है।

• क्या आपके किसी परिचित को घुमक्कड़ी/यायावरी का शौक है? उसके इस शौक का उसकी पढ़ाई/काम आदि पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ता होगा, लिखें।
उत्तर-
परीक्षोपयोगी नहीं।

• अपठित गद्यांश को पढ़कर दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए
आम दिनों में समुद्र किनारे के इलाके बेहद खूबसूरत लगते हैं। समुद्र लाखों लोगों को भोजन देता है और लाखों उससे
जुड़े दूसरे कारोबारों में लगे हैं। दिसंबर 2004 को सुनामी या समुद्री भूकंप से उठने वाली तूफ़ानी लहरों के प्रकोप ने एक बार फिर साबित कर दिया है कि कुदरत की यह देन सबसे बड़े विनाश का कारण भी बन सकती है।

प्रकृति कब अपने ही ताने-बाने को उलट कर रख देगी, कहना मुश्किल है। हम उसके बदलते मिज़ाज को उसका कोप कह लें या कुछ और, मगर यह अबूझ पहेली अकसर हमारे विश्वास के चीथड़े कर देती है और हमें यह अहसास करा जाती है कि हम एक कदम आगे नहीं, चार कदम पीछे हैं। एशिया के एक बड़े हिस्से में आने वाले उस भूकंप ने कई द्वीपों को इधर-उधर खिसकाकर एशिया का नक्शा ही बदल डाला। प्रकृति ने पहले भी अपनी ही दी हुई कई अद्भुत चीजें इनसान से वापस ले ली हैं जिसकी कसक अभी तक है।

दुख जीवन को माँजता है, उसे आगे बढ़ने का हुनर सिखाता है। वह हमारे जीवन में ग्रहण लाता है, ताकि हम पूरे प्रकाश की अहमियत जान सकें और रोशनी को बचाए रखने के लिए जतन करें। इस जतन से सभ्यता और संस्कृति का निर्माण होता है। सुनामी के कारण दक्षिण भारत और विश्व के अन्य देशों में जो पीड़ा हम देख रहे हैं, उसे निराशा के चश्मे से न देखें। ऐसे समय में भी मेघना, अरुण और मैगी जैसे बच्चे हमारे जीवन में जोश, उत्साह और शक्ति भर देते हैं। 13 वर्षीय मेघना और अरुण दो दिन अकेले खारे समुद्र में तैरते हुए जीव-जंतुओं से मुकाबला करते हुए किनारे आ लगे। इंडोनेशिया की रिजा।

पड़ोसी के दो बच्चों को पीठ पर लादकर पानी के बीच तैर रही थी कि एक विशालकाय साँप ने उसे किनारे का रास्ता दिखाया। मछुआरे की बेटी मैगी ने रविवार को समुद्र का भयंकर शोर सुना, उसकी शरारत को समझा, तुरंत अपना बेड़ा उठाया और अपने परिजनों को उस पर बिठा उतर आई समुद्र में, 41 लोगों को लेकर। महज 18 साल की यह जलपरी चल पड़ी पगलाए सागर से दो-दो हाथ करने। दस मीटर से ज्यादा ऊँची सुनामी लहरें जो कोई बाधा, रुकावट मानने को तैयार नहीं थीं, इस लड़की के बुलंद इरादों के सामने बौनी ही साबित हुईं।

जिस प्रकृति ने हमारे सामने भारी तबाही मचाई है, उसी ने हमें ऐसी ताकत और सूझ दे रखी है कि हम फिर से खड़े होते हैं और चुनौतियों से लड़ने का एक रास्ता ढूंढ निकालते हैं। इस त्रासदी से पीड़ित लोगों की सहायता के लिए जिस तरह पूरी दुनिया एकजुट हुई है, वह इस बात का सबूत है कि मानवता हार नहीं मानती।।

1. कौन-सी आपदा को सुनामी कहा जाता है?
2. ‘दुख जीवन को माँजता है, उसे आगे बढ़ने का हुनर सिखाता है’-आशय स्पष्ट कीजिए।
3. मैगी, मेघना और अरुण ने सुनामी जैसी आपदा का सामना किस प्रकार किया?
4. प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में ‘दृढ़ निश्चय’ और ‘महत्त्व’ के लिए किन शब्दों का प्रयोग हुआ है?
5. इस गद्यांश के लिए एक शीर्षक ‘नाराज़ समुद्र’ हो सकता है। आप कोई अन्य शीर्षक दीजिए।

उत्तर-

1. समुद्र में आए भीषण भूकंप के कारण उठने वाली तूफानी लहरों को सुनामी आपदा कहा जाता है। इसके कारण समुद्र तथा आस-पास का भूगोल तक बदल जाता है।

2. दुख जीवन को और अधिक साफ-सुथरा बनाता है और प्रगति करने की कला सिखाता है। सूनामी को ही लें। इसके कारण भीषण तबाही हुई। अनेक लोग मर गए। संपत्ति स्वाहा हो गई। यह दुख तो आया। किंतु इसी दुख से सबक सीखकर हमने सुनामी से बचने के उपाय खोजे। उजड़े हुए गाँवों-नगरों को फिर से बसाया। यह नया निर्माण पुराने निर्माण से अच्छा, स्वच्छ और सुरक्षित होगा। इस प्रकार हम प्रगति की ओर ही बढे।

3. 13 वर्ष की मेघना और अरुण दो दिनों तक समुद्र में तैरते रहे। अनेक समुद्री जीवों ने उन्हें निगलने का प्रयास किया। किंतु वे सफलतापूर्वक किनारे आ लगे और सुरक्षित बच गए।
मैगी ने सुनामी की चुनौती को चुनौती दी। उसने 10 मीटर ऊँची लहरों के बीच अपना बेड़ा उतार दिया। उसमें अपने परिजनों को बिठाकर समुद्र की लहरों से संघर्ष करती रही। 18 साल की इस जलपरी ने सुनामी की लहरों को परास्त कर दिया।

4. ‘दृढ़ निश्चय’ के लिए बुलंद इरादे’ का प्रयोग हुआ है।
‘महत्त्व’ के लिए ‘अहमियत’ शब्द का प्रयोग हुआ है।

5. समुद्र की चुनौती अथवा सुनामी और हम।

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 16 Floatation

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 16 Floatation

More Resources

• NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science
• HOTS Questions for Class 9 Science
• Value Based Questions in Science for Class 9
• NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 9 Science
• Previous Year Question Papers for CBSE Class 9 Science

NCERT TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS

IN TEXT QUESTIONS

Question 1.
Why is it difficult to hold a school bag having a strap made of a thin and strong string ?
Answer:
It is painful to hold a heavy bag having strap made of a strong and thin string.

When we hold a heavy bag having strap made of a strong and thin string, then the area under the strap is small. Hence, large pressure is exerted by the strap on our fingers or shoulder. Due to this large pressure, the strap tends to cut the skin and hence pain is caused.

Floatation Class 9 NCERT Solutions will help you to score more marks in your CBSE board Examination.

Question 2.
What do you mean by buoyancy ? (CBSE 2011, 2012, 2016, 2017)
Answer:
The tendency of an object to float in a liquid or the power of liquid to make an object to float in it is called buoyancy.

Question 3.
Why does an object float or sink when placed on the surface of water ? (CBSE 2012)
Answer:
When an object is placed on the surface of water, two forces act on the object.

1. The gravitational force in the downward direction and
2. Upthrust of the water on the object.

When the gravitational force acting on the object is greater than the upthrust of the water, then the object sinks in water. On the other hand, if the upthrust of water on the object is greater than the gravitational force, then the object floats.

                                                                             Or

If density of an object is less than the density of water, it floats on the water. On the other hand, if density of the object is greater than the density of water, it sinks in water.

Question 4.
You have a bag of cotton and an iron bar, each indicating a mass of 100 kg when measured on a weighing machine. In reality, one is heavier than other. Can you say which one is heavier and why ?
(CBSE 2011)
Answer:
Iron bar is heavier than a bag of cotton. This is because iron bar experiences a less upward force i.e. upthrust than the bag of cotton.

NCERT CHAPTER END EXERCISE

Question 1.
In what direction does the buoyant force on an object immersed in a liquid act ?
Answer:
Buoyant force acts in the upward direction on an object immersed in a liquid.

Question 2.
Why does a block of plastic released under water come upto the surface of water ?(CBSE 2011, 2016)
Answer:
This is because upthrust or buoyant force acting on the block of plastic is greater than the gravitational force acting on the block in the downward direction.

Question 3.
The volume of 50 g of a substance is 20 cm³. If the density of water is 1 g cm^-3, will the substance float or sink ? Justify your answer. (CBSE 2011, 2012)
Answer:

Since density of substance is more than the density of water, so the substance will sink.

Question 4.
The volume of a 500 g sealed packet is 350 cm³. Will the packet float or sink in water if density of water is 1 g cm^-3 ? What wall be the mass of the water displaced by the packet ?
Answer:

Since the density of the packet is greater than the density of water, so the packet will sink.
Mass of water displaced= Volume of Packet x density of water = 350 x 1 = 350 g.

PRACTICAL SKILL BASED QUESTIONS

Question 1.
Write two main precautions to be taken to read the water level in the graduated cylinder. (CBSE 2015)
Answer:

1. The cylinder must be placed on a flat surface in exactly vertical positoin.
2. The level of eyes must be exactly at the level of lower end of the meniscus of water.

Question 2.
Write precuations to be taken to measure the weight of a body using a spring balance. (CBSE 2015)
Answer:

1. The least count of the spring balance must be calculated.
2. Zero error of the spring balance must be calculated and added or substracted from the observed value of the . weight of the body.
3. The level of eyes must be exactly at the level of the pointer of the spring balance.

Question 3.
A 500 g mass body is immersed in two liquids X and Y in succession. The extent to which the body sinks in liquid Y is less than that in liquid X. From such observation, compare the densities of liquids X and Y. Justify your answer. (CBSE 2015)
Answer:
Weight of body immersed in liquid = Weight of body in air -upthrust of liquid on the body.
Since the extent to which the body sinks in liquid Y is less than that in liquid X, therefore, upthrust of liquid Y is greater than the upthrust of liquid X.

Thus, density of liquid Y is greater than the density of liquid X.

Question 4.
In a spring balance, the space between 0 to 25 g wt. is divided into 5 equal parts. Find its least count. What is the weight of the object in the diagram given below ? (CBSE 2015)

Answer:
5 divisions = 25 gwt
∴1 divisions = 5 gwt
Hence, least count of the spring balance = 5 gwt.
Weight of object in the diagram = 125 x 5 gwt = 625 g wt

Question 5.
While determining the density of a solid of weight 58 g wt, a student is provided with four different combinations of mesuring cylinder and spring balance as shown below :
The student should prefer to choose which combination and why ? (CBSE 2015)
Answer:

Density can be determined accurately if mass and volume of solid are measured accurately. Therefore, mass must be determined by a spring balance of minimum least count and volume must be determined by a measuring cylinder of minimum least count. Hence, student should prefer the combination 1.

Question 6.
Observe the two spring balances shown in the figures given aside :

1. What are the least count and range of the spring balances ?
2. Find the weights of objects in the two spring balances. (CBSE 2015)
   

Answer:

1. In both spring balances, 5 divisions = 10 kg
   1 division = 2 kg
   Hence, least count of both spring balances = 2kg.
   Range of both spring balances = 0-50 kg
2. Weight of object measured by spring balance A = 10 kg
   Weight of object measured by spring balance B = 40 kg
   A spring balance used for measuring mass of the cuboid has a least count of 2 gwt.

Question 7.
Two students using the same spring balance noted two different readings, 46 gwt and 47 gwt. Which reading is correct and why ? (CBSE 2015)
Answer:
The reading which is the multiple of least count (i.e. 2 gwt) is correct. Therefore, 46 gwt is the correct reading.

Question 8.
A 10 mL measuring cylinder has 100 divisions of equal spacing. Find the least count of the measuring cylinder.
Answer:
Least count of measuring cylinder = Value of 1 division marked on the cylinder 100 divisions =10 mL .

Therefore, least count of the measuring cylinder = 0.1 mL

Question 9.
In which of the two, glycerine or kerosene, the loss in weight of a solid when fully immersed in them will be more and why ? (CBSE 2017)
Answer:
The loss in weight of a solid in a liquid will be more if buoyant force acting on the solid in a liquid is more. The buoyant force is directly proportional to the density of the liquid. Since density of glycerine is more than the density of kerosene, therefore, the loss in weight of the solid in glycerine is more than in kerosene.

Question 10.
When a body is immersed in a liquid, name the two forces acting on it and state their direction of action.
Answer:

1. Weight of the body in vertically downward direction.
2. Buoyant force acting on the body due to the liquid in vertically upward direction.

Hope given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 16 are helpful to complete your science homework.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Literature
Chapter	Chapter 1
Chapter Name	How I Taught My Grandmother to Read
Number of Questions Solved	10
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 3)

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English will help you to score more marks in your CBSE board Examination.

Question 1.
Write about the following memories or experiences. Share your views with the class.

1. A memorable holiday spent with your grandmother
2. A story told by your grandmother
3. The things you admire the most about your grandmother
4. The difference between your mother and your grandmother

Answer
1. Yes, I remember a memorable holiday, I spent with my grandmother last month. Our school was closed for autumn break. I directly went to my grandmother who lives in a village. When she saw me she burst out like a beautiful flower. She hugged me. Then she offered me certain delicacies like home-made halwa, puree and kheer. She took me to the temple in the evening.

She asked me to pray to the goddess for prosperity of all. During evening she narrated the stories of our scriptures, The Ramayana, The Mahabharata, and The Panchtantra. She advised me that man’s good deeds always remain with him and these make him great. Doing good deeds and helping the needy ensures contentment. She told me that God loves those who love their fellow-beings. I had never heard such things earlier. These had an indelible impression on me. I promised her to follow her advice in my life and actions.

2. Like all grandmothers my mother also told me a story. It was of two cats and a monkey. The two cats got a chapati from somewhere. They started fighting over the chapati. Both of them wanted more of it. But they couldn’t understand how this could be divided equally between the two. They decided to take external help to settle the issue. By chance a monkey came their way. They told the monkey about their problem. The monkey asked them to wait for a few minutes. He reappeared with a balance and asked the cats to give the chapati to him. He knowingly made two pieces of it- one bigger and the other smaller.

He then put these two pieces on both the sides of the balance. When he balanced them to weigh one side went upwards and the other remained low. He tore a major part of the piece of chapati from the piece which hung low and ate it up. This side got less weighty and when he balanced, it went up. He then took a major part of the other piece of the chapati. He did this two, three times. By that time the whole chapati stood eaten by him. This amazed the cats as there was nothing left of the chapati for them. They learnt a bitter lesson that they wouldn’t fight. Also they won’t believe in a clever and crafty external force.

3. There are many things I admire the most about my grandmother. These are : her simple and straightforward nature; her simple living; her regular working schedule ; her religious mind and regularity of daily life. It is like rising in the morning, taking a bath, praying and some light physical exercises etc. My grandmother is still agile and active. She does the domestic chores by herself. She takes very simple food and eats those things that are not harmful for health. She never takes fried food.

She never takes cold drinks and never eats street food. Then she helps the needy. She gives charities and attends sermons by the holy men. She has a great faith in holy scriptures. She recites holy prayers by herself while worshipping in her own temple. Thus my grandmother leads a pious, regular and disciplined life. Due to the qualities of head and heart, she is admired and respected by all.

4. Yes, there is much difference between my mother and my grandmother. It is not of temperament or disposition. But it is mainly of physical compulsions of life. My mother has most of the qualities of my grandmother. But she can’t exercise them due to her being in service. She is always short of time and is always in a hurry. However, she has a frugal mind and is very conscious of spending money.

She doesn’t give much in charities as she thinks that giving alms makes the beggars parasites. She can’t pray as she has to leave for her school in the early morning. Then she can’t narrate us stories like our grandmother does. She doesn’t believe in giving a long » rope to the children as she believes that this can spoil them. But my grandmother believes firmly in love and affection. She feels and says that these, together with moral values, can bring wonderful results.

Question 2.
Have you ever been on a trip to any place in India, where you didn’t know the language spoken locally ? How did you feel ? How did you manage to communicate ?
Answer
Yes, I went to Tamil Nadu last year. There I had to face a lot of problems due to the Tamil language. I didn’t know Tamil and they didn’t know Hindi or English. Where I got some educated men to talk to, the problem didn’t arise as I could speak English. But in the rural side near Chidambaram, I really faced a tough time. I felt completely isolated and aloof.

The rural people tried to understand me and I them but I remained non- communicative. However, I spoke some broken words and gesticulated about the things. For instance, I needed vegetarian food and closing my fingers took them towards my mouth. Then I gave out a cock-like sound indicating, I was vegetarian and didn’t take meat etc. They laughed but understood. Then they willingly helped me by showing me the way to a vegetarian hotel. It was altogether a funny incident.

Question 4.
Now that you have enjoyed reading the story, answer the following questions by choosing the correct option
(a) The grandmother could relate to the central character of the story ‘Kashi Yatre’ as …..

1. both were old and uneducated.
2. both had granddaughters who read to them.
3. both had a strong desire to visit Kashi.
4. both were determined to learn to read.

(b) Why did the women at the temple discuss the latest episode of ‘Kashi Yatre’ ?

1. to pass their time.
2. the writer, Triveni, was very popular.
3. they could relate with the protagonist of the serial.
4. women have a habit of discussing serials.

(c) The granddaughter found her grandmother in tears on her return as

1. the grandmother had been unable to read the story Kashi Yatre’ on her own.
2. the grandmother had felt lonely.
3. the grandmother wanted to accompany her granddaughter.
4. she was sad she could not visit Kashi.

(d) Why did the grandmother touch her granddaughter’s feet ?

1. As a mark of respect to her teacher.
2. It was a custom in their family.
3. Girls should be respected.
4. She had read the story of Kashi Yatre’ to her.

Answer
(a) (i)
(b) (ii)
(c) (i)
(d) (i)

Question 5.
Answer the following questions briefly

1. What made Triveni a popular writer ?
2. Why did the grandmother depend on her granddaughter to know the story ?
3. Pick out two sentences which state that the grandmother was desperate to know what happened in the story.
4. Could the grandmother succeed in accomplishing her desire to read ? How ?
5. Which of the following traits would be relevant to the character of the narrator’s grandmother ?
   1. determined
   2. selfish
   3. emotional
   4. mean

Give reasons for your choice.
Answer
1. The story of the heroine in Kashi Yatre, her desire to visit Kashi and the Indianness in her writings made Triveni a popular writer. The simple themes, social, moral and cultural values appeal to the hearts of all the readers. Then these are connected with life of the common people. These add to this popularity. Finally, the universality and psychological aspects of the themes made her very popular.

2. The grandmother depended on her granddaughter to know the story because she was illiterate and the granddaughter was literate. The grandmother couldn’t read anything of the serial on her own. In fact her granddaughter used to read the story for her.

3. The two sentences are :

1. Many times, I rubbed my hands over the pages wishing they could understand what was written.
2. If only I was educated enough.

4. Yes, the grandmother could succeed. She made her granddaughter teach her by her humble pleadings and the necessity of the situation. Her determination and humility made her learn the alphabet. She was able to accomplish her desire to read the novel due to her determination and will power.

5. 1, 3 .

• The grandmother was simply desperate to read the serial on her own. This egged her on to start learning the Kannada alphabet. Finally she was able to read due to her determination and willpower.
• She was highly emotional also. This showed her simplicity of heart and desperate willingness to learn. Tears in her eyes and her smiling even though her granddaughter making fun of her bore good results. Her granddaughter became her teacher. Due to that she learnt the Kannada alphabet quickly.

Question 6.
Here are some direct quotations from the story. Identify the speaker and write what each quotation suggests about the speaker. You can use the adjectives given in the box and may also add your own.

amiable, tender, gentle, sympathetic, understanding, determined, diligent, kind, concerned, systematic, wise, helpful, enthusiastic, selfish, cruel, humble, religious, prudent


Answer

*The italicised adjectives given above are from our own side, as desired.

LISTENING TASK
Question 7.
Now you are going to listen to the story of a young girl about a special day.
(a) Based on your listening of the story complete the boxes given below.

Answer
The children did the following for the old people :

1. They blew balloons and hung them around the hall of the Old Age Home they visited.
2. They cut out Chart Papers.
3. They wrote quotes on them.
4. They drew pictures on them.
5. They then stuck them on the wall.
6. They bought a big cake for them.
7. They cut the nice big Cake they took with them and distributed its pieces among the inmates of the Old Age Home.
8. They sang songs for them and conversed with them.

(b) List any three feelings of the old people in this story.

1. ______
2. _____
3. _____

Answer
The following are the three feelings of the old people in this story :

1. feelings of loneliness
2. of insecurity
3. of missing their children and grandchildren

(c) Complete the following :

1. We can make our grandparents happy by______
2. We can avoid constructing more and more Old Age Homes by______

Answer

1. … sitting with them, sharing their experiences and helping them physically/giving them company.
2. visiting them frequently and/or by keeping them with us as important members of the family.

Question 8.
After having read the story, you realise the anguish of the illiterate adults. You want to make your friends aware of it and contribute something in bringing about a change in the lives of the illiterate adults. Deliver a speech in the morning assembly at your school about the Importance of Adult Education and ways to implement it.

Read the following to make your speech effective :
The introduction of a speech is like the nose of an airplane. The nose sets the course and leads the plane off in a specific direction. A good introduction sets the direction of your speech by

• getting the attention of your audience
• introducing your topic
• stating your central idea or purpose
• briefly identifying the main points
• making your audience eager to hear what you have to say

Answer
Worthy Principal, teachers and fellow-students
Today I, Pradeep, of class IX, stands before you to deliver a speech on the Importance of Adult Education and ways to implement it.- Well, at the outset, I would say that illiterates are liable to be cheated everywhere. They have to be dependent on others for knowing things around them. They are branded as ‘illiterates’ and treated in a hateful way.

They can’t maintain their accounts and can easily be deceived, cheated and befooled. They are discriminated against. They can’t join the mainstream of social life. Their knowledge about what is happening around them is minimal. So they feel handicapped to take part in matters requiring far-sightedness, wisdom and maturity. The importance of Adult Education is seen in the fact that the illiterates get a sense of fulfilment in being literate. They can take advantages of various schemes of the govt, meant for their social, economic and moral uplift.

You’ll agree with me that we as students can render a yeoman’s service in educating these adult illiterates. We can hold Literacy Camps in villages and tell them the advantages of being literate. Literate women can bring a drastic change in their lives. Being literate they can read material on childcare, health and hygiene, and other areas of human knowledge and activity.

They can progress in all fields of human life and raise themselves up in all spheres. They can learn a lot about latest techniques of farming, need for personal hygiene and importance of cleanliness, hygiene, family planning etc. Being literate they can decide what is good or bad for them. We should, therefore, convince the adult illiterates to join the literacy classes whenever they are held.
Thank you very much.

WRITING TASK
Question 9.
You are the grandmother. How did you feel when your granddaughter gave you the novel ‘Kashi Yatre’ ? Write your feelings in your diary.
To make your diary entry interesting, read the following information about what is a diary entry.
A diary entry is a purely personal piece of writing. The writer expresses his/her thoughts and feelings. Reactions to incidents are generally poured out in a diary. Hence expressions that are emotionally charged are used.
For example – When you are happy about something, you could start like this—
8th July 20xx, Wednesday             8 pm
Today I am very happy as …………..
Answer
8th July 20xx, Wednesday 8 pm
Today I am very happy to have been gifted with Triveni’s novel Kashi Yatre. I just fell in love with the grand old lady who is the central figure in this novel and identified myself with her. Actually the serialisation of this novel in the Kannada weekly Karmaveera raised in me the desire of knowing more and more about her. I, too, was once drawn towards a feeling of visiting Kashi and worshipping Lord Vishweshwara as the ultimatepunya. I fully supported this old lady in having given all her saving to the orphan girl. She rightly thought it was more an action of punya than visiting Kashi. I, too, could have done the same thing. This help was more punya. This orphan girl couldn’t marry her lover, whom she loved passionately due to poverty. Thus the old lady as the heroine of the novel proved more appreciative because of her qualities of head and heart.

I shall cherish this novel more because it enabled me to be literate. Actually with this novel more sweet memories are intertwined. These are like how I developed fascination for the heroine and how my own granddaughter became my teacher. The craving to know more about the old lady simply motivated me to be literate. Now I can read any novel. I shall keep this Kashi Yatre as my holy book. May my granddaughter live long ! Grandmother

Question 10.
Here is a story about Swami and his grandmother. After reading the excerpt, change it into a conversation between Swami and his Grandmother.
Answer
Swami : Oh, Granny ! You don’t know what a great fellow Rajam is. He has a large heart and is very wise and far-sighted. For instance, he had some sort of enmity with Mani. But he soon became his friend, even though he has a police dress.
Granny : Is it ? Why should he want a police dress ?
Swami : His father is the Police Superintendent and commands over all policemen here.
Granny : Then his office must be tremendous. Swami, your grandfather was a powerful sub-magistrate. Before him his office even the police force and the fiercest dacoits would tremble.
Swami : This is o.k. Granny. Enough of your stories. Now listen. I want to tell you something about Rajam. Do you know how many marks Rajam gets in arithmetic ?
Granny : Does he get all the marks, child ?
Swami : No silly. He gets ninety marks out of one hundred.
Granny : You too must try and get marks like him. You know, Swami, your grandfather used to frighten the examiners with his answers sometimes. He took one tenth of the time that others took to answer the question. And then answers would be so correct that the teachers would give two hundred marks sometimes.
Swami : Oh, enough, Granny ! You relate unnecessary stories. Please listen about Rajam.
Granny : Alright.
Swami : Now listen. Rajam’s father was camping in a forest with his son. Two tigers came upon them suddenly, one knocking his father from behind. The other began chasing Rajam but he took shelter behind a bush and shot that dead with his gun …. Granny, are you asleep ?

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Moments
Chapter	Chapter 1
Chapter Name	The Lost Child
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 6)

Think About It

Question 1.
What are the things the child sees on his way to the fair ? Why does he lag behind ? (CBSE)
Answer:
On his way to the fair the child sees the flowering mustard fields and dragon-flies. He also sees little insects and worms. He sees doves also. They flew to the banyan tree. He goes near them to get one. So he lags behind.

Question 2.
In the fair he wants many things. What are they ? Why does he move on without waiting for an answer ?
Or
In the fair the child wanted many things. What are they ? (CBSE)
Or
Enlist the things the boy asked his parents to buy for him. (CBSE 2017)
Answer:
The child sees many things and wants them. These are : “gulab-jamun, rasogulla, burfi, jalebi”, a garland ofgulmohur and balloons. He also wants to ride a merry-go-round. He moves on without waiting for an answer. He knows his parents won’t buy any of these for him. So he goes ahead.

Question 3.
When does he realise that he has lost his way ? How have his anxiety and insecurity been described ?
Answer:
He realises this when he says that he wants to ride in a merry-go-round. He looks for his parents but there is no reply. He realises that he has been lost. His anxiety and insecurity are described in his weeping greatly. He is wailing calling ‘Mother ! Father !’ This anxiety is also seen in his clothes getting muddy.

Question 4.
Why does the lost child lose interest in the things that he had wanted earlier ?
Answer:
The child was with his parents. He was happy. He had interest in many things. These were a toy, balloon, burfi, etc. But he is without his parents now. He is a lost child. So these things have no interest for him. He simply wants his parents.

Question 5.
What do you think happens in the end ? Does the child find his parents ?
Answer:
The end of the chapter shows nothing. It may mean that the child has found his parents. However, in such circumstances, a child is often found out by his parents. It is a village fair. In the countryside, kidnapping etc, does not take place. It is possible that the police might have restored the child to his parents.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.