CBSE Class 8

How, When and Where Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science History Chapter 1 CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science SST History Chapter 1 How, When and Where.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 1 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

How, When and Where Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science History Chapter 1

How, When and Where Class 8 Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Whom did Robert Clive ask to produce the maps of Hindustan?
Answer:
Rennel was asked to produce the maps of Hindustan by Robert Clive.

Question 2.
Who was given the title of ‘Duke of Connaught’?
Answer:
Third son of Queen Victoria – Prince Arthur was given the title.

Question 3.
Who was the Ist Governor-General of the British in India?
Answer:
Warren Hastings was the Ist Governor-General of the British in India.

Question 4.
What was the name of the three-volume work published by James Mill?
Answer:
The name of the three-volume work published by James Mill was ‘A History of British India’.

Question 5.
What does the Census operations consist of?
Answer:
Census operation consists of the detailed records of the number of people in all provinces in India, information on castes, religions and occupations of the people at that time.

Question 6.
What is history?
Answer:
History is about finding of things that were in the past and it also narrates how the things have changed.

Question 7.
What was felt by Mill about the caste and religion?
Answer:
About the in Indian caste and religious system Mill was felt there was religious intolerance, caste taboos and superstitious belief.

Question 8.
What are the forces of modernity?
Answer:
Science, reason, democracy, liberty and equality.

Question 9.
What all were absent under British rule.
Answer:
Equality, freedom and liberty were absent under British rule.

Question 10.
In which century did the printing got spread?
Answer:
By the middle of 19th century.

Question 11.
Which practice became important under colonial administration?
Answer:
The Practice of Surveying.

How, When and Where Class 8 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Moving away from the British classification, how did historians usually divide the history of India?
Answer:
When we move away from the British classification, historians usually divided the Indian history into three categories that are:

1. Ancient
2. Medieval
3. Modern

Question 2.
What were the sources used by historians in writing the History at the time of the British rule?
Answer:
The historians used the following sources in writing the history:

1. The official records of the British administration.
2. The letters and documents that were preserved carefully.
3. Records being preserved from the administration offices.
4. Letters and memory that were kept in the archives.

Question 3.
Why can’t we get to know easily and accurately about history of people who were not literate?
Answer:
Sources that were produced by those who were literate have no experience of what the tribals, peasants, the workers of mines or the poors on street liked, so we cannot get to know easily and accurately about the history of people who were not literate at the time.

Question 4.
What is Modernity and its forces?
Answer:
Modern period in west was related to the growth of the modernity and it focuses are science, reason, democracy, liberty and equality.

How, When and Where Class 8 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Why are Dates important in History? And what was there in history written by the British Historians?
Answer:
In History, the dates are really important because the dates focuses on a particular set of events and changes that took place during a particular period of time.

The History that was written by the British historians in India had considered the rule of Ist Governor-General, Warren Hastings which extended till last Viceroy, Lord Mountbatten. In brief, we can say that the British historians wrote only those points which were important to them and have only glorified their deeds and events in their historical accounts.

Question 2.
Who was James Mill, and how did he divide the History India? In what sense did he take Asian Society and Indian society?
Answer:
James Mill was a Scottish economist and a political philosopher, who had published a massive three-volume work i.e. “A History of British India. James Mill divided the history of India in three periods – Hindus, Muslims and British. Mill thought that the Asian Society was at a lower level of civilization than that of Europe. According to him before the rule of the British, the Indian Society was ruled by Hindu and Muslim despots and religious intolerance, caste taboos and superstition were spread.

Question 3.
What is the problem behind the classification of History into Ancient, Medieval and Modem?
Answer:
The problem behind the classification is that the periodization has been borrowed from the west where the Modern Period was associated with the growth of all the forces of modernity – science, reason, democracy, liberty and equality. Medieval was used to define society where there was absence of modern forces. So this was unacceptable as British rule was the period in which all liberty, equality, freedom were taken from Indians.

Picture Based Questions Class 8 History Chapter 1 How, When and Where

Look at the picture given below and answer the following questions:

Question:
1. What does the picture describes?
2. When was the building made?
3. How is it related to British Rule.
Answer:
1. The picture is a building called ‘National Archives in India’.
2. The Building was made in 1920’s.
3. The Building reflects the importance of this institution in relation to British.

Confronting Marginalisation Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science SST Civics Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Extra Questions and Answers Confronting Marginalisation

Confronting Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 8 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Define the term linguist.
Answer:
Linguist is someone who knows and studies several languages.

Question 2.
What was main aim behind establishing Hindu College in Benaras in 1791?
Answer:
Hindu College was established to encourage the study of ancient Sanskrit texts that would be useful for the administration of the country.

Question 3.
What is meant by an Orientalist?
Answer:
Orientalists were those who were having scholarly knowledge of the language and culture of Asia.

Question 4.
How did Thomas Babington Macaulay see India?
Answer:
He saw India as an uncivilized country that needed to be civilized.

Question 5.
Why was the English Education Act introduced and in which year?
Answer:
Following Macaulay’s minute, the English Education Act of 1835 was introduced.

Question 6.
Who toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar in 1830’s?
Answer:
In 1830’s William Adam, a Scottish missionary toured the districts of Bengal and Bihar.

Question 7.
When did the Company decide about improving the system of vernacular education?
Answer:
After 1854, the Company decided to improve the system of vernacular education.

Question 8.
Name the institution established by Rabindranath Tagore.
Answer:
‘Santiniketan’ was established by Rabindranath Tagore in 1901.

Question 9.
Who was William John.
Answer:
William Jones was appointed as Junior Judge at the supreme court of company.

Question 10.
Which languages were learnt by William Jones?
Answer:
Greek, Latin, French and English.

Question 11.
By whom was the Asiatic society of Bengal was setup?
Answer:
By William Jones.

Question 12.
From whom did William Johns learnt Sanskrit language?
Answer:
The Pandits.

Question 13.
In which year was Madarsa setup in Calcutta?
Answer:
In 1781.

Question 14.
When was the Hindu college Benaras was established?
Answer:
In 1791.

Question 15.
Who emphasized on teaching of English language in manner of civilizing, changing the taste values and cultures of the Indians?
Answer:
Lord Macaulay.

Question 16.
When was the English Education act introduced?
Answer:
In 1835.

Question 17.
Who was William Carey.
Answer:
William Carey was a Scottish missionary.

Confronting Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 8 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
In what sense does Gandhiji and Tagore’s thoughts were similar and different about western education?
Answer:
In many senses Tagore’s and Gandhiji’s thoughts about western education were similar. There were several differences too. Gandhiji was highly critical of western education, civilization and its worship of machines and technology. But Tagore wanted to combine elements of modern western civilisation with the best within Indian tradition. Tagore emphasized on the needs to teach science and technology along with art, music and dance.

Question 2.
Why did Tagore hate going to school in his school days?
Answer:
He found school suffocating and oppressive. The school appeared like a prison to him as he could never do what he felt like doing. And the experience of Tagore’s school days in Calcutta shook his ideas of education. These were reasons why he hated going to school in his school days.

Question 3.
What did Mahatma Gandhi say about western education?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi said that western education focused on reading and writing rather than oral knowledge. It valued textbooks rather than practical knowledge. He argued that education ought to develop a person’s mind and soul. Literacy or simple learning to read and write by itself did not count as education.

Question 4.
What consequences were there of the new rules and routine over the earlier pathshala students who accepted the British rules?
Answer:
In the earlier system of Pathshala, students from poor peasant families had been able to go to pathshalas as the timetable was flexible before adoption of rules of the British government. The discipline of the new system demanded regular attendance, even during harvest time when children of poor families had to work in the fields. Inability to attend school came to be seen as indiscipline, as evidence of the lack of desire to learn.

Question 5.
What did James Mill declare while attacking the orientalists?
Answer:
James Mill attacked the orientalists and declared that the British should not make efforts to teach what the natives wanted or respected, in order to please them. The aim of education ought to be to teach what was useful and practical. So Indians should be made familiar with the scientific and technical advancements that the west had made, rather than with the poetry and sacred literature of the orientals.

Confronting Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 8 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
In view of Mahatma Gandhi why was practical knowledge very much essential for development of person’s mind and soul?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi believed that western education focused on reading and writing rather than lived experiences and practical knowledge. He argued that education ought to develop a person’s mind and soul. Literacy – or simply learning to read and write by itself did not count as education.

People had to work with their hands, learn a craft, and know-how different things operated. This would develop their mind and their capacity to understand. This is why Mahatma Gandhi believed that practical knowledge was very much essential for development of person’s mind and soul.

Question 2.
Explain the William Adam’s report produced on the progress of education in vernacular schools.
Answer:
William Adam had been asked by the Company to report on the progress of education in vernacular schools. The report Adam produced was interesting.

Adam found that there were over 1 lakh pathshalas in Bengal and Bihar. These were small institutions with no more than 20 students each. But the total number of children being taught in these pathshalas was considerable over 20 lakh. These institutions were set up by wealthy people, or the local community. At times they were started by a teacher (guru).

The system of education was flexible. Adam discovered that this flexible system was suited to local needs. For instance, classes were not held during harvest time when rural children often worked in the fields. The pathshala started once again when the crops had been cut and stored. This meant that even children of peasant families could study.

Question 3.
Explain Wood’s Despatch. What was mentioned in its provision?
Answer:
In 1854, the Court of Directors of the East India Company in London sent an educational despatch to the Governor-General in India, issued by Charles Wood, the president of the Board of Control of the Company. It has come to be known as Wood’s Despatch.

1. It emphasized once again on the practical benefits of system of European learning.
2. One of the practical uses the Despatch pointed to was economic European learning.
3. It said, it would enable Indians to recognize the advantages that flow from the expansion of trade and commerce.
4. Wood’s Despatch argued that European learning would improve the moral character of Indians.
5. It would make them truthful and honest and would supply the Company with civil servants who could be trusted and depended upon.
6. The literature of East was believed to be full of errors and also couldn’t instill in the people a sense of duty and a commitment to work nor could it develop the skill required for administration.

Picture Based Questions Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation

Look at the picture given below and answer the following questions:

Question:
1. Who was Henry Thomas Cookbook?

2. Whom does the monument belong to?

3. Along with whom is Mahatma Gandhi sitting with.

4. What does the picture show?

Answer:

1. He was a scholar of Sanskrit and ancient sacred writings of Hinduism.
2. Monument belongs to Warren Hastings.
3. He is sitting with Kasturba Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore.
4. The picture shows a class in progress in Santiniketan in the 1930s.

Judiciary Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science SST Civics Chapter 5 Judiciary.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers Judiciary

Judiciary Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 5 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What is the present location of Supreme Court of India?
Answer:
Supreme Court of India is presently located at Tilak Marg, New Delhi.

Question 2.
When did the Supreme Court devise the mechanism of PIL?
Answer:
The Supreme Court devised the mechanism of Public Interest Litigation in 1980.

Question 3.
State the levels of court in our country.
Answr:
There are three different levels of courts in our country.

Question 4.
What is meant by the term ‘Acquit?
Answer:
This refers to the court declaring that a person is not guilty of the crime which he/she was tried for by the court.

Question 5.
Write few example of the criminal law.
Answer:
Theft, harassing a woman to bring more dowry, murder, etc.

Question 6.
What is the full form of PIL?
Answer:
Public Interest Litigation.

Question 7.
What is the full form of FIR?
Answer:
First Investigation Report.

Question 8.
Name the three Presidency cities in which High Courts were first established.
Answer:
High Courts were first established in the three Presidency cities of Calcutta, Bombay and
Madras in 1862.

Question 9.
Is Indian judiciary is dependent or independent?
Answer:
Indian Judiciary is independent.

Question 10.
Write any one aspect of the independent judiciary.
Answer:
The main aspect of Independent Judiciary is no influence of others.

Question 11.
How many levels of court are there in India?
Answer:
There are 3 different level of courts in the country.

Question 12.
Which court is at the open level?
Answer:
The Supreme court of India.

Question 13.
Which is the Apex Court of any state?
Answer:
The High court of that state.

Question 14.
What is the meaning of integrated judicial system in respect to India?
Answer:
It means that the decisions made by higher courts are binding on the lower courts.

Question 15.
Where does a person can appeal if they believe that decisions are made by the lower court is not just?
Answer:
A person can appeal to a higher court if they believe that the judgement passed by the lower court is not just.

Question 16.
What is meant by compensation?
Answer:
This refers to the money given to make amends for an injury or loss.

Question 17.
In which year was the PIL mechanism was devised by the Supreme court?
Answer:
In 1980.

Question 18.
Which law deals with conduct or acts that the law defined as offences?
Answer:
Criminal law.

Question 19.
When was the Supreme court was established in India?
Answer:
The Supreme court was established on 26th Jan 1950 the day India became a Republic.

Question 20.
What dopes FIR stands for?
Answer:
It stands for First investigation report.

Judiciary Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 5 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
State the basic difference b/w criminal law and civil law.
Answer:
The basic difference is:
Criminal law: Deals with conduct or acts that the law defines as offences. For example, theft, harassing a woman to bring more dowry, murder.
Civil law: Deals with any harm or injury to rights of individuals. For example, disputes relating to sale of land, purchase of goods, rent matters, divorce cases.

Question 2.
How does the Supreme Court ensure the protection of Fundamental Rights.
Answer:
Independence of judiciary allows the court to ensure the proper functioning of executive and legislature. It also plays a crucial role in protecting the Fundamental Rights of citizens because anyone can approach the courts if they believe that their rights have been violated.

Question 3.
What role does separation of power play in making independence of judiciary successful? Answer:
One of the aspect of this independence is the separation of power which is the key feature of the Constitution and this means that other branches of the state like the legislature and the executive – cannot interfere in the work of the judiciary. The courts are not under the government and do not act on their behalf.

Question 4.
What happened in the case ‘Paschim Banga Khet Mazdoor Samity vs State of West Bengal’
(1996)?
Hakim Sheikh, an agricultural labourer, who fell from a running train and injured himself and whose condition got worse because several hospitals refused to admit him.

On this Supreme Court directed the West Bengal government to pay him compensation for the loss suffered as well as to come up with a blueprint for primary health care with particular reference to treatment of patients during an emergency.

Question 5.
What is Judicial Review?
Answer:
As the final interpreter of the Constitution, the judiciary also has the power to strike down particular laws passed by the Parliament if it believes that these are a violation of the basic structure of the Constitution. This is called Judicial Review.

Judiciary Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 5 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
What type of issues are handled by the courts of India. Describe work of judiciary in brief.
Answer:
Courts in India take decisions on a very large number of issues. They can decide whether teacher can beat a student, or about the sharing of river water between states, or they can punish people for particular crimes. The work of the judiciary can be divided into the following:

1. Dispute Resolution: The judicial system provides a mechanism for resolving disputes between citizens, between citizens and the government, between two state governments and between the centre and state governments.
2. Judicial Review: As final interpreter of the Constitution, the judiciary also has the power to strike down particular laws passed by the Parliament if it believes that these laws are a violation of the basic structure of the Constitution. This is called the Judicial Review.
3. Upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights: Every citizen of India can approach the Supreme Court or High Court if they believe that their Fundamental Rights have been violated.

Understanding Laws Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science SST Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Understanding Laws

Understanding Laws Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
In a democracy like ours what can a citizen do to reject the repressive laws framed by the Parliament?
Answer:
In a democracy like ours, citizens can express unwillingness for the reflection of the repressive laws.

Question 2.
Name the African American woman who played a key role in the starting of the Civil Right Movement.
Answer:
Rosa Parks was the African American women who Started the Civil Rights Movement.

Question 3.
What does the term Evolution refer to in general?
Answer:
Evolution refers to the process of development from a simple to a complex form and is often used to discuss the development of a species of plants and animals.

Question 4.
State the two examples of-Arbitrariness performed by the British.
Answer:
The two examples are:

1. Sedition Act of 1870
2. The Rowlatt Act.

Question 5.
When did the Jallianwala Bagh incident take place?
Answer:
This incident took place on 13th April 1919.

Question 6.
Name the two leaders arrested for the protests against the Rowlatt Act.
Answer:
The two leaders were Dr. Satyapal and Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew.

Question 7.
What does the Hindu Succession Amendment Act 2005 say?
Answer:
According to this law, sons, daughter and their mother can get an equal share of family property.

Question 8.
What did the Rowlatt allow the Britishers to perform as arbitrariness?
Answer:
Rowlatt Act allowed the Britishers to imprison people without due trial.

Question 9.
In which year was the sedition Act was introduced?
Answer:
In 1870.

Question 10.
Who is known to be the incharge of making law?
Answer:
Parliament in incharge of making laws.

Question 11.
On what basis law cannot discriminate between persons?
Answer:
Law cannot discriminate between persons on the basis of their religion, caste and gender.

Question 12.
What was scenario of local laws in Ancient India?
Answer:
In Ancient India, there were innumerable and often overlapping local laws.

Question 13.
When does the system of law began to further evolve?
Answer:
System of law began to further evolve during colonial period.

Question 14.
Who is believed to be the introducer of the rule of law in India?
Answer:
It is believed that British colonials were the introducers of the Rule of law in India.

Question 15.
Who began to protest and criticize the arbitrary use of authority by the British?
Answer:
The Indian Nationalists began protesting and criticizing the arbitrary use of authority by the British.

Question 16.
According which new law sons, daughters and their mothers get an equal share of family property?
Answer:
Hindu Succession Act 2005.

Question 17.
When did standing committee submitted its recommendation for the implementation of Domestic violence Act?
Answer:
In May 2002.

Question 18.
In which year did the Rowlatt act came into effect?
Answer:
In 1919.

Question 19.
Define the term Repressive.
Answer:
It means to control severely in order to prevent free and natural development or expression.

Question 20.
What is meant by ‘criticise’?
Answer:
It means to find fault with or disapprove of a person or thing.

Understanding Laws Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Define ‘Sedition’.
Answer:
This applies to anything that the government might consider as striating up resistance or rebellion against it. In such cases, government does not need absolute evidence in order to arrest persons. Under the sedition Act of 1870, the British had a very broad interpretation of what constituted sedition, and what this meant was that they could arrest and detain any person they would under this act.

Question 2.
Describe the incident that led to the of Civil Rights Movements and the Civil Rights Act in 1964 in the U.S.A.
Answer:
Rosa Parks an African – American woman refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man on December 1,1955. She was protesting against the law on segregation that divided up all public spaces, including the streets, between the whites and the Africans – Americans.

Her refusal was a key event that marked the start of the Civil Rights Movement that led to the Civil Rights Act in 1964 prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, religion or national origin in the U.S.A.

Question 3.
Why is it more important to refer women who face violence as survivors rather than as victims?
Answer:
Often women who face violence or are abused are seen as victims. But women struggle in several different ways to survive these situations. Therefore, it is move accurate to refer to them as survivors rather than as victims.

Question 4.
Describe the process after which Domestic Violence Act came into effect in 2006.
Answer:
In December 2002, the Standing Committee submitted its recommendations to the Rajya Sabha and these were also tabled in the Lok Sabha. The Committee’s report accepted most of the demands of the women’s, groups. Finally a new bill was reintroduced in Parliament in 2005. After being passed in both the house of the Parliament, it was sent to the president for his assent. The protection of women from Domestic violence came into effect in 2006.

Question 5.
How can we say that Parliament has an important role in making laws?
Answer:
The Parliament has an important role in making laws. There are many ways through which this takes place and it is often different groups in society that raise the need for a particular law. An important role of Parliament is to be sensitive to the problems faced by the people. The issues are brought to the attention of the Parliament and the issues to become law.

Understanding Laws Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
What do your understand by domestic violence? Explain how Domestic Violence Act 2005 helps in understanding the term ‘Domestic’ better.
Answer:
Domestic violence refers to the injury or harm caused by an adult male, usually the husband, against his wife. Injury might be caused by physically beating up the woman or by emotionally abusing her. Abuse of the women can also include verbal, sexual and economic abuse.

The protection of women from Domestic violence Act 2005 extend the understanding to the term ‘domestic’ to include all women who ‘live or have lived together in a shared household’ with the male member who is perpetrating the violence.

Question 2.
Starting from the Rowlatt Act to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, briefly explain the events, also by mentioning the dates.
Answer:
The British passed the Rowlatt Act which allowed the British government to imprison people without due trial. Indian rationalists including Mahatma Gandhi were vehement in their opposition the Rowlatt Act. Despite the large number of protests, the Rowlatt Act came into effect on 10th march 1919.

In Punjab, protests against this act continued quite actively and on April 10 two leaders of the women, Dr. Satyapal and Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew were arrested. To protest these arrests, a public meeting was held on 13th April at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. General Dyer entered the park with his troops to fire. Several hundreds of people died in this gunfire and many more were wounded including women and children.

Public Facilities Class 8 Civics Chapter 9 Extra Questions and Answers Social Science CBSE Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science SST Civics Chapter 9 Public Facilities.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 9 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 9 Extra Questions and Answers Public Facilities

Public Facilities Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 9 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Where were Amu and Kumar travelling through?
Answer:
Amu and Kumar were travelling through Chennai in a bus.

Question 2.
What did Amu and Kumar observe while travelling through Chennai?
Answer:
They observed the water facilities are available in different parts of Chennai.

Question 3.
How is water essential?
Answer:
Water is essential for life and for good health.

Question 4.
Under which article does the Constitution of India recognize the Right to water?
Answer:
The Constitution of India recognises the right to water as being a part of the Right to Life under Article 21.

Question 5.
What did the judge direct the Mahbubnagar district collector?
Answer:
The judge directed the Mahbubnagar district collector to supply 25 litres of water to each person in
the village.

Question 6.
What are public facilities?
Answer:
Essential facilities that need to be provided for everyone like healthcare, sanitation, electricity, schools and colleges etc. that are also necessary are known as public facilities.

Question 7.
Where is the government budget presented?
Answer:
The government budget being presented in the parliament.

Question 8.
What is meant by Basic Needs?
Answer:
Primary requirement of food, water, shelter, sanitation, healthcare and education necessary for survival.

Question 9.
What is often taken as a sign of failure of the government?
Answer:
The shortage of municipal water is often taken as a sign of failure of the government.

Question 10.
What is the quantity of water supply in India in an urban area?
Answer:
The supply of water per person in an urban area in India is about 135 litres per day.

Question 11.
Whom does the responsibility of water supply belongs to throughout the world.
Answer:
Throughout the world the water supply is responsibility and function of the government.

Question 12.
Define Basic Needs.
Answer:
The primary requirement of food, water, shelter, sanitation, healthcare and education necessary for survival are Basic Needs.

Question 13.
Where is the suburban railway’s located?
Answer:
In Mumbai.

Question 14.
Under which article of the Constitution is the Right to water is recognised?
Answer:
Under Article 21.

Question 15.
What is the most important form of public transport over long distances?
Answer:
The Railways.

Question 16.
At what percent the census 2001 put rural household electrification?
Answer:
As 44%.

Public Facilities Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 9 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
Why it is noticed that there are great inequalities in water use?
Answer:
It is fact that there is a great in-equalities in water use. Because the supply requirement of water in urban areas of India should be about 135 litres (About 7 Lac buckets) per day. It is said to be standard set by the urban water commission. But people living in slums gets availed with less than 20 litres a day per person. On the side as much as 1600 Litres (80 buckets) of water per day is supplied at the same time to luxury hotels.

Question 2.
What is the condition and statistics of water diseases in India?
Answer:
India has one of the largest number of cases of diseases such as diarrhoea, dysentery, cholera over 1600, Indians, most of them children below the age of five reportedly die everyday because of water disease in India.

Question 3.
What are the other public facilities other than water that are needed to be provided to everyone?
Answer:
Same as water there are other essential facilities that are needed to provided to everyone. For example, healthcare, sanitation, electricity, public transport, schools and colleges. These all are also known as public facilities.

Question 4.
Define Sanitation.
Answer:
Provision of facilities for the safe disposal of human urine and feces. This is done by construction of toilets and pipes to carry the sewage and treatment of waste water. This is necessary so as to avoid contamination.

Question 5.
How can it be said that the private companies which provide public facilities are not suitable for public actually?
Answer:
Though private companies provide the public facilities but they provide it with the purpose of profit making and they provide facilities at a price that only some people can afford. This facility not available to all at an affordable rate.

Public Facilities Class 8 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 9 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
What is the scenario, of public water supply in Porto Alegre? ’
Answer:
Porto Alegre is a city in Brazil. Though there are many poor people in this city, what is remarkable is that it has a far lower number of infant deaths as compared to most other cities of the world. The city’s, water department has achieved universal access to safe water and this is the main reason behind the lower number of infant deaths.

The average price of water, is kept low, and the poor are charged half basic rate. Whatever profit the department makes is used to improve the water supply. The working of the water department is transparent and people can have a direct say in deciding which projects the department should take up. Through a process of public meetings, people hear what the managers have to say and also vote on their priorities.