Mineral and Energy Resources Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Mineral And Energy Resources Class 12 MCQ Question 1.
…………… is an important raw material for smelting of iron ore.
(A) Copper
(B) Manganese
(C) Mica
(D) Bauxite
Answer:
(B) Manganese
Explanation:
Manganese removes oxygen and sulfur when iron ore is converted into iron. It also is an essential alloy that helps convert iron into steel.
Mineral And Energy Resources MCQ Chapter 7 Question 2.
The ore which is used in manufacturing of aluminium is:
(A) Bauxite
(B) Copper
(C) Iron
(D) Gold
Answer:
(A) Bauxite
Explanation:
Bauxite ore is the world’s primary source of aluminium. The ore must first be chemically processed to produce alumina (aluminium oxide). Alumina is then smelted using an electrolysis process to produce pure aluminium metal.
MCQ Of Minerals And Energy Resources Class 12 Question 3.
…………….. is mainly used in the electrical and electronic industries.
(A) Mica
(B) Manganese
(C) Copper
(D) Brass
Answer:
(A) Mica
Explanation:
Mica is used principally in the electronic and electrical industries. Its usefulness in these applications is derived from j its unique electrical and thermal properties and its mechanical properties, which allow it to be cut, punched, stamped, and machined to close tolerances.
Minerals And Energy Resources Class 12 MCQ Question 4.
97% of the coal reserve occurs in valley of:
(A) Damodar
(B) Spiti
(C) Chhattisgarh
(D) Roorkee
Answer:
(A) Damodar
Explanation:
Damodar basin is known for its coal deposits and commonly referred as the store house of Indian coal’.
Mineral Resources MCQ Chapter 7 Class 12 Question 5.
Petroleum reserves are located at:
(A) Punjab
(B) Mumbai High
(C) Haryana
(D) Jharia
Answer:
(B) Mumbai High
Explanation:
The Mumbai High Field, formerly called the Bombay High Field, is an offshore oil field 176 km off the west coast of Mumbai.
MCQs On Minerals And Energy Resources Class 12 Question 6.
Most of the metallic minerals in India occur in the:
(A) Peninsular plateau region
(B) Northern Plains
(C) Himalayan Ranges
(D) Deccan range
Answer:
(A) Peninsular plateau region
Explanation:
Most of the metallic minerals in India occur in the peninsular plateau region in the old crystalline rocks. Over 97 per cent of coal reserves occur in the valleys of Damodar, Sone, Mahanadi and Godavari.
MCQ Of Minerals And Energy Resources Class 12 Question 7.
…………… can be converted to electrical energy, heat energy or gas for cooking.
(A) Bio- energy
(B) Nuclear energy
(C) Crude oil
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(A) Bio- energy
Explanation:
Bio-energy is a form of renewableenergy that is derived from recently living organic materials known as biomass, which can be used to produce transportation fuels, heat, electricity, and product
Minerals And Energy Resources MCQ Class 12 Chapter 7 Question 8.
The kinetic energy of wind, through turbines is converted into :
(A) bio- energy
(B) electrical energy
(C) geothermal energy
(D) solar energy
Answer:
(B) electrical energy
Explanation:
Electrical energy is energy derived as a result of movement of electrons.
Mineral MCQ Chapter 7 Class 12 Question 9.
………….. is absolutely pollution free, inexhaustible source of energy.
(A) Wind energy
(B) Mineral fuels
(C) Nuclear energy
(D) Coal energy
Answer:
(A) Wind energy
Explanation:
Using wind to produce energy has fewer effects on the environment than many other energy sources. Wind turbines do j not release emissions that can pollute the air or water (with rare exceptions), and they do not require water for cooling.
Question 10.
Minerals are formed by inorganic processes of :
(A) short duration
(B) long duration
(C) stagnant duration
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) long duration
Explanation:
Mineral, naturally occurring homogeneous solid with a definite chemical composition and a highly ordered atomic arrangement; it is usually formed by inorganic processes.
Question 11.
The energy sources like solar power, wind, wave, geothermal energy are :
(A) exhaustible resources
(B) inexhaustible resources
(C) alternate energy
(D) available resources
Answer:
(B) inexhaustible resources
Explanation:
Mineral, naturally occurring homogeneous solid with a definite chemical composition and a highly ordered atomic g arrangement; it is usually formed by inorganic processes.
Question 12.
Minerals which do not contain iron are known as:
(A) Ferrous minerals
(B) Non- ferrous minerals
(C) Nuclear minerals
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) Non- ferrous minerals
Explanation:
All pure metals are non- ferrous elements except iron.
Question 13.
Minerals can be divided into how many categories?
(A) One
(B) Two
(C) Three
(D) Four
Answer:
(B) Two
Explanation:
Minerals are classified based on their crystal form and chemistry. Minerals are divided into two types namely metallic and 1 non- metallic.
Question 14.
………….. minerals are magnetic and give little resistance to corrosion.
(A) Ferrous
(B) Non- ferrous
(C) Metallic
(D) Cast
Answer:
(A) Ferrous
Explanation:
Ferrous minerals are generally magnetic by nature and have high tensile strength, making them ideal in construction.
Question 15.
Minerals that have no metallic lustre and break easily are called:
(A) Non- metallic minerals
(B) Metallic minerals
(C) Delicate Minerals
(D) Hard minerals
Answer:
(A) Non- metallic minerals
Explanation:
Non-metallicmaterialslackmetallic characteristics like good electric and thermic I conductivity, luster, rigor, and malleability; they are, however, essential for many industries.
Question 16.
Resources can be defined as homogenous, naturally occurring, inorganic materials that are of economic interest in or on the crust of the Earth. U
(A) Solar
(B) Nuclear
(C) Mineral
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(C) Mineral
Explanation:
A mineral resource is a concentration of natural solid inorganic or fossilized organic material, including metals, coal and minerals in sufficient quantity and quality to have reasonable prospects for economic extraction.
Question 17.
Bauxite, iron ore, manganese and limestone are found in:
(A) North-Western Region
(B) South-Western Plateau region
(C) North-Eastern Region
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(B) South-Western Plateau region
Explanation:
The South-Western plateau region covers major parts of Karnataka, Goa, and contiguous Tamil Nadu uplands and Kerala. Major mineral resources of South-Western plateau region are iron ore, manganese, and limestone. Kerala has deposits of monazite and thorium, and bauxite, clay and Goa has deposits of iron ore.
Question 18.
Copper, zinc, sandstone, granite, marble, petroleum deposits and salt are found in:
(A) East-Western Region
(B) South-Western Plateau Region
(C) North-Eastern Region
(D) North-Western Region
Answer:
Option (D) is correct.
Explanation:
Major minerals of North-Western regions are copper and zinc; other significant minerals include sandstone, granite, and marble, along with Gypsum and Fuller’s earth deposits. In addition, Gujarat and Rajasthan, both have rich sources of salt.
Question 19.
How many minerals are mined in India ?
(A) 48
(B) 58
(C) 68
(D) 78
Answer:
(C) 68
Explanation:
India is endowed with huge resources of many metallic and non-metallic minerals.
Question 20.
Arrange the bauxite producing states from the highest to the lowest.
(i) Jharkhand
(ii) Odisha
(iii) Andhra Pradesh
(iv) Gujarat Options:
(A) ii, iii, iv, i
(B) iii, ii, iv, i
(C) iv, ii, iii, i
(D) i, ii, iii, iv
Answer:
(A) ii, iii, iv, i
Explanation:
Odisha alone constitutes almost 50% of India’s bauxite production and has about 325,269 thousand tonnes of bauxite reserves.
Question 21.
Which state is the largest producer of Coal in India?
(A) Bihar
(B) Uttarakhand
(C) Manipur
(D) Jharkhand
Answer:
(D) Jharkhand
Explanation:
Jharkhand has the largest coal deposits of 25.88%.
Question 22.
……………… fuels are essential for generation of power, required by agriculture, industry, transport and other sectors of the economy.
(A) Solar
(B) Mineral
(C) Electrical
(D) Nuclear
Answer:
(B) Mineral
Question 23.
Coal, Petroleum and Natural gas are:
(A) Conventional sources of energy
(B) Non- conventional sources of energy
(C) Exhausted sources of energy
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Conventional sources of energy
Explanation:
When we cannot reuse a source of energy after using it once we call them conventional sources of energy”.
Question 24.
Arrange the states having the highest Coal reserves to the lowest (as per 2020).
(i) Odisha
(ii) Jharkhand
(iii) Chhattisgarh
(iv) West Bengal
Options:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) iv, iii, ii, i
(C) ii, i, iii, iv
(D) iv, iii, i, ii
Answer:
(C) ii, i, iii, iv
Explanation:
Jharkhand tops the list of coal reserves with an estimated reserve of 83,152 million tonnes. Jharia mines in Dhanbad district is one of the principal coal mines of the
Question 25.
Arrange the states having the highest Crude oil producing capacity to the lowest (as per 2019-20) :
(i) Assam
(ii) Gujarat
(iii) Rajasthan
(iv) Tam il Nadu
Options:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
(B) iv. ii, iii, j
(C) iii, ii, i, iv
(D) ii, j, iii, iv
Answer:
(A) i, ii, iii, iv
Explanation:
The onshore Crude oil production across the Indian state of Assam amounted to almost 4.3 million metric tons at the end of fiscal year 2019. About 71 percent of the crude oil production in the country was done by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, which is a state owned enterprise.
Question 26.
Which is the largest oil refinery in India?
(A) Jharia
(B) Ahmedabad
(C) Jamnagar
(D) Ghaziabad
Answer:
(C) Jamnagar
Explanation:
The Jamnagar Refinery is a private sector crude oil refinery owned by Reliance Industries Limited in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Question 27.
Non- conventional resources are :
(A) Artificial resources
(B) Imaginary resources
(C) Natural resources
(D) Replaceable resources
Answer:
(B) Imaginary resources
Explanation:
A non- renewable resource is a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption.
Question 28.
The challenge of sustainable development requires integration of quest for economic development with concerns.
(A) Social
(B) Political
(C) Environmental
(D) Educational
Answer:
(C) Environmental
Question 29.
Renewable energy resources are also known as :
(A) Alternative energy resources
(B) Collective energy resources
(C) Available energy resources
(D) None of the Above
Answer:
(A) Alternative energy resources
Explanation:
Alternative energy resources includes all renewable and nuclear energy sources.
Question 30.
methods of resource use result into generating enormous quantity of waste as well as create other environmental problems.
(A) Modern
(B) Collective
(C) Primitive
(D) Traditional
Answer:
(D) Traditional
Assertion and Reason Based MCQs
Directions:
In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true.
Question 1.
Assertion (A): The promotion of the use of non- conventional sources of energy in India is the need of the hour.
Reason (R): Unlike conventional sources of energy, most of the non- conventional energy sources are cheaper and renewable.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
The overall limitation and scarcity of fossil fuels have given rise to the urgent need for exploiting alternative energy sources.
Question 2.
Assertion (A): Power from non- conventional and renewable sources is must in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions of the coal-based power plants. Reason (R): It is exhaustible in nature and environment-friendly.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Non- conventional energy sources | like hydropower, solar, and wind energy are 1 environment friendly sources.
Question 3.
Assertion (A): Minerals have certain characteristics.
Reason (R): These are evenly distributed over space.
Answer:
(C) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
Minerals are unevenly distributed over space. These variations exist largely because of difference in the geological structure processes and time involved in the 1 I formation of minerals.
Question 4.
Assertion (A):A11 minerals are inexhaustible over time.
Reason (R): These take long to develop geologically and they cannot be replenished immediately at the time of need
Answer:
(D) A is false and R is true.
Explanation:
All minerals are truly exhaustible 1 natural resources. Exhaustible resources means resources which cannot be generated 2 back easily. Natural minerals are formed after a very long period of time. Thus, they have to be conserved and not misused as they do not have the second crop.
Question 5.
Assertion (A): Minerals are generally concentrated in three broad belts in India.
Reason (R): Most of the metallic minerals in India occur in the peninsular plateau region in the old crystalline rocks.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
India is a rich country in terms of minerals. Most of the metallic minerals occur in the Peninsular Plateau region in the old crystalline rocks. River valleys of Damodar, Sone, Mahanadi, and Godavari have over 97% of coal reserves in India.
Question 6.
Assertion (A): The North-Eastern Plateau Region belt covers Chhotanagpur (Jharkhand), Odisha Plateau, West Bengal and parts of Chhattisgarh. Reason (R): Major iron and steel industry are located in this region.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
The region has rich reserves of iron ore of mainly haematite variety. Availability of good quality of iron ore at low cost, provides ideal location for setting up of iron and steel industries.
Question 7.
Assertion (A): The South-Western Plateau Region belt extends over Karnataka, Goa and contiguous Tamil Nadu uplands and Kerala.
Reason (R): This belt does not have as diversified mineral deposits as the North-Eastern belt.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
This belt is rich in ferrous metals and bauxite. It also contains high grade iron ( ore, manganese and limestone) This belt lacks S in coal deposits except Neyveli lignite.
Question 8.
Assertion (A): The North-Western Region belt extends along Aravali in Rajasthan and part of Gujarat.
Reason (R): Gujarat is known for its petroleum deposits.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Gujarat houses about 20% of total estimated crude oil reserves of India and about 4% of total estimated natural gas reserves.
Question 9.
Assertion (A): Our country is well-placed in respect of ferrous minerals both in reserves and production.
Reason (R): Ferrous minerals such as iron ore manganese, chromite, etc., provide a strong base for the development of metallurgical industries.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Our country is well-placed in respect of ferrous minerals both in reserves and production. India is endowed with fairly abundant resources of iron ore. It has the largest reserve of iron ore in Asia.
Question 10.
Assertion (A): Manganese deposits are found in almost all geological formations, however, it is mainly associated with Dharwar system.
Reason (B): Odisha is the leading producer of Manganese.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Odisha is the largest producer of manganese ores in India. It accounted for one-third of the country’s total production in 2000
Question 11.
Assertion (A): India is poorly endowed with non- ferrous metallic minerals except bauxite.
Reason (R): Bauxite is found mainly in tertiary deposits and is associated with laterite rocks occurring extensively either on the plateau or hill ranges of peninsular India and also in the coastal tracts of the country.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Question 12.
Assertion (A): Among the non- metallic minerals produced in India, Mica is the important one.
Reason (R): Mica is mainly used in the electrical and electronic industries.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Mica is one of the most indispensable minerals used in electric and electronic industries, due to its Di-electric strength, low power factor insulating properties and resistance to high voltage.
Question 13.
Assertion (A): Coal is a one of the important ‘ minerals.
Reason (R): Coal occurs in rock sequences mainly of two geological ages,namely Gondwana and tertiary deposits.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Coal is one of the important minerals which is mainly used in the generation of thermal power and smelting of iron ore.
Question 14.
Assertion (A): Nuclear energy has emerged as a viable source in recent times.
Reason (R): Important minerals used for the generation of nuclear energy are Uranium and thorium.
Answer:
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Nuclear power is presently a sustainable energy source. Since Uranium extracted is continuously replenished through geologic processes, nuclear would become as endless as solar.
Question 15.
Assertion (A): There is an urgent need to conserve the resources.
Reason (R): For sustainable development calls for the protection of resources for the future generations.
Answer:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
We need to conserve our natural resources because it is the main source of our daily needs. We need to conserve it because they are available in limited quantity only.
Case-Based MCQs
I. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Fossil fuel sources, such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and nuclear energy use exhaustible raw materials. Sustainable energy resources are only the renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro geothermal and biomass. These energy sources are more equitably distributed and environment friendly. The non- conventional energy sources will provide more sustained, eco-friendly cheaper energy after the initial cost is taken care of.
Question 1.
What are the sources of fossil fuels?
(A) Coal
(B) Petroleum
(C) Natural gas
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(D) All of the Above
Explanation:
Fossil fuels are made from de-composing plants and animals. There are three main fossil fuels: coal, petroleum and natural
Question 2.
Sustainable energy sources:
(A) Solar energy
(B) Nuclear energy
(C) Gas energy
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(A) Solar energy
Explanation:
Sustainable energy is an energy that is produced from natural processes and continuously replenished.
Question 3.
Geothermal energy allows us to fetch energy from:
(A) the Earth’s surface.
(B) beneath the Earth’s surface.
(C) the water bodies.
(D) the air particles.
Answer:
(B) beneath the Earth’s surface.
Explanation:
Geothermal energy, form of energy conversion in which heat energy from within Earth is captured and harnessed for cooking, bathing, space heating, electrical power generation, and other uses.
Question 4.
Renewable energy sources also called:
(A) Non- conventional energy sources
(B) Conventional energy sources
(C) Ferrous energy sources
(D) Non- ferrous energy sources
Answer:
(A) Non- conventional energy sources
Explanation:
Renewable energy comes from natural sources or processes that are constantly replenished. For example, sunlight or wind.
II. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
Sun rays tapped in photo voltaic cells can be converted into energy, known as solar energy. The two effective processes considered to be very effective to tap solar energy are photo voltaics and solar thermal technology. Solar thermal technology has some relative advantages over all other non renewable energy sources.
It is cost competitive, environment friendly and easy to construct. Solar energy is 7 per cent more effective than coal or oil based, plants and 10 per cent more effective than nuclear plants. It is generally used more in appliances like heaters, crop dryers, cookers, etc. The western part of India has greater potential for the development of solar energy in Gujarat and Rajasthan.
Question 1.
Solar energy is a ………….. source of energy.
(A) Conventional
(B) Non- conventional
(C) Perishable
(D) Non- perishable
Answer:
(B) Non- conventional
Explanation:
Solar energy is the most readily available source of energy. It is also the most important of the non- conventional sources of energy because it is non- polluting and, there fore, helps in lessening the greenhouse effect. Solar energy has been used since prehistoric times, but in a most primitive manner.
Question 2.
…………….. System is a system that converts sunlight into heat.
(A) Solar thermal
(B) Solar heat
(C) Solar conversion
(D) Solar Calculation
Answer:
(A) Solar thermal
Explanation:
Solar thermal energy is a form of energy and a technology used for harnessing solar energy to generate thermal energy for household and industrial use.
Question 3.
What are the advantages of using Solar energy?
(A) Reduces electricity bills
(B) Low maintenance cost
(C) Diverse applications
(D) All of the Above
Answer:
(D) All of the Above
Explanation:
Among all the benefits of solar panels, the most important thing is that solar energy is a truly renewable energy source.
Question 4.
States which have great potential to develop Solar energy.
(A) Kerala and Tamil Nadu
(B) Gujarat and Rajasthan
(C) Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh
(D) Gujarat and Maharashtra
Answer:
(B) Gujarat and Rajasthan
III. Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow:
The challenge of sustainable development requires integration of quest for economic development with environmental concerns. Traditional methods of resource use result into generating enormous quantity of waste as well as create other environmental problems. Hence, for sustainable development calls for the protection of resources for the future generations. There is an urgent need to conserve the resources. The alternative energy sources like solar power, wind, wave, geothermal energy are inexhaustible resources.
These should be developed to replace the exhaustible resources. In case of metallic minerals, use of scrap metals will enable recycling of metals. Use of scrap is especially significant in metals like copper, lead and zinc in which India’s reserves are meagre. Use of substitutes for scarce metals may also reduce their consumption. Export of strategic and scarce minerals must be reduced, so that the existing reserve may be used for a longer period.
Question 1.
Sustainable development calls for the protection of resources for the generations.
(A) present
(B) past
(C) future
(D) none of the above
Answer:
(C) future
Explanation:
Sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their demands.
Question 2.
Alternative energy source :
(A) Solar energy
(B) Hydro energy
(C) Tidal energy
(D) All of the Above
Answer;
(D) All of the Above
Explanation:
Alternative energy is any energy source that does not use fossil fuels.
Question 3.
Why is the conservation of mineral resources important?
(A) They are limited in number.
(B) They are the country’s asset.
(C) Indispensable part of our lives.
(D) All of the above.
Answer:
(D) All of the above.
Explanation:
Conservation of mineral resources is essential because they are a country’s valuable possession.
Question 4.
Why is scrap metal important?
(A) Less pollution
(B) Can be recycled
(C) Can be exported
(D) Great country asset
Answer:
(B) Can be recycled
Explanation:
Scrap metals like aluminium, copper, steel, brass, and iron are recycled to make a wide variety of new products. Using scrap metal for numerous products reduces waste and helps to preserve the environment for future generations.