Class 9 Economics Chapter 1 Extra Questions and Answers The Story of Village Palampur

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CBSE Class 9 Economics Chapter 1 Extra Questions The Story of Village Palampur Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science SST Economics Chapter 1 The Story of Village Palampur.

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Class 9 Economics Chapter 1 Extra Questions and Answers The Story of Village Palampur

NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 1 Extra Questions SOLVED QUESTION BANK

Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark]

Question 1.
What is the main economic activity in Palampur? [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
The main economic activity in Palampur is farming.

Question 2.
What was the status of upper caste families in Palampur?
Answer:
The 80 upper caste families owned majority of the land in Palampur. Some of their houses were quite large and made up of brick with cement plastering.

Question 3.
What was the benefit of electricity in Palampur?
Answer:
Most of the houses have electricity connections. Electricity is used to power the tubewells in the fields and also for many small businesses.

Question 4.
What facilities are available for education and health in Palampur?
Answer:
Palampur has two primary schools and one high school. There is a primary health centre run by the government and one private dispensary where the sick are treated.

Question 5.
Define Production.
Answer:
Production is an activity that involves making of goods or services that a person needs.

Question 6.
Farmer’s plough is an example of which factor of production? [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
Farmer’s plough is an example of fixed capital.

Question 7.
What do you mean by physical capital?
Answer:
At every stage of production, we need a variety of inputs such as machines, raw materials and money. Together, these are called physical capital.

Question 8.
What is the first and foremost requirement for the production of goods and services?
Answer:
The first and foremost requirement for the production of goods and services is the land and other factors of production like labour and capital.

Question 9.
What do you mean by working capital?
                                  Or
Which capital is known as working capital? [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
Working capital refers to the variety of raw material and money in hand during the production, in order to make payments and buy other necessary items.

Question 10.
What is human capital?
Answer:
Human capital refers to knowledge and enterprise required to put tpgether land, labour and physical capital and produce an output for self-consumption or to sell in the market.

Question 11.
Name the kharif and rabi crops grown in Palampur.
Answer:
The kharif crops are jowar and bajra and rabi crops are wheat and sugarcane which are grown in Palampur. Potatoes are also grown in between these two seasons.

Question 12.
What was the main reason for the growth of three different crops in a year?
Answer:
The main reason for the growth of three different crops in a year was well-developed system of irrigation.

Question 13.
What is the impact of electricity on irrigation?
Answer:
Earlier, with the use of persian wheel, people used to irrigate small areas by using water from wells. But, now, with the use of electricity and tubewells, they can irrigate larger areas in lesser time.

Question 14.
What is multiple cropping? [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
Multiple cropping means to grow more than one crop on a same piece of land.

Question 15.
Define yield. [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Yield means crop produced on a given piece of land during a single season.

Question 16.
How did the Indian farmers benefit from Green Revolution?
Answer:
The Green Revolution enabled the Indian farmers to cultivate wheat and rice using high yielding varieties of seeds, irrigation, chemical fertilisers, insecticides, pesticides etc.

Question 17.
Which modern implements were used by the Indian farmers?
Answer:
The modern implements used by the Indian farmers were tubewells, tractors, threshers and harvesters.

Question 18.
What is the impact of Green Revolution on soil and ground water table?
Answer:
Green Revolution is associated with the increased use of chemical fertilisers. The minerals of chemical fertilisers dissolve in water and contaminate it, thereby polluting both water and soil, thus, the continuous use of fertilisers makes the soil less fertile,

Question 19.
Who provides labour for medium and large farmers?
Answer:
Labour for medium and large farmers is provided by landless labourers or those who are cultivating small plots of land.

Question 20.
Which is the most labour absorbing sector of the economy? [CBSE 2012,11]
Answer:
Agriculture

Question 21.
How do farm labourers get wages in Palampur?
Answer:
In Palampur, the farm labourers get wages in the form of cash or kind, i.e., in terms of food grains.

Question 22.
What is the minimum wage per day for a farm labourer set by the government?
Answer:
? 300 per day.

Question 23.
How much Dala gets as a minimum wage?
Answer:
? 160.

Question 24.
What do the medium and large farmers do with the surplus from farm production?
Answer:
Medium and large farmers sell the surplus from farm production and a part of the earnings is saved and the other part of it, is used to buy cattle, trucks etc. for the next season.

Question 25.
Name any two non-farm activities in Palampur. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The non-farm activities in Palampur are:

  1. Dairy farming
  2. Small-scale manufacturing
  3. Transport
  4. Shopkeeping (any two)

Question 26.
In which type of activity is dairy farming included? [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
Dairy farming is included in non-farm activity.

Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks]

Question 27.
Highlight the basic constraints in raising production from a farm. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The basic constraints in raising production from a farm are:

  1. The land area under cultivation is practically fixed.
  2. There has been no expansion in land area under cultivation after 1960s. By then, some wastelands in the villages had been converted to cultivable land. .
  3. There is no further scope to increase the farm production by bringing new land area under cultivation as no new land is available.

Question 28.
Explain the term physical capital. Mention its different types with examples. [CBSE 2012,11,10]
Answer:
Physical capital is the capital that is further used in the production of more goods such as tools,
equipments, machines and raw materials.
The two types physical capital are:

  1. Fixed Capital. It is that capital which can be used over and over again. This capital lasts for a longer time such as machines and tools.
  2. Working Capital. It consists of those goods that are used up in the process of production such as raw materials and money.

Question 29.
Give three reasons why small farmers have to arrange capital by borrowing. [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
The three reasons why small farmers have to arrange capital by borrowing are:

  1. To buy seeds and water for irrigation.
  2. To pay back the loan with high rate of interest.
  3. To use the money for marriage or festivals.

Question 30.
Distinguish between Kharif and Rabi seasons.
Answer:

Kharif Season Rabi Season
(a) It is identified with rainy or wet season.
(b) Crops are sown in June-July and harvested in November-January.
(c) Kharif crops are jowar and bajra.		 (a) It is identified with winter or dry season.
(b) Crops are sown in October-November and harvested in April-May.
(c) Wheat is an important rabi crop.

Question 31.
State the importance of growing more than one crop on a piece of land. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The importance of growing more than one crop on a piece of land is:

  1. It retains the fertility of the soil.
  2. It generates employment for many people throughout the year.
  3. It benefits the farmers economically.

Question 32.
What is Multiple cropping? How does it help in farmer’s prosperity?
Answer:
When two or more crops are grown on a given piece of land during a year, it is known as multiple cropping. This is the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land. Raising two or more crops from a given piece of land in a year translates into a corresponding increase in a farmer’s income and helps in the farmer’s prosperity.

Question 33.
‘Modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in industry.’ Do you agree? [HOTS]
Answer:
Modern farming methods are the result of decades of scientific research. This research was in the form of high yielding varieties of seeds, irrigation equipments, tractors and other forms of machinery, chemical fertilisers, insecticides and pesticides, which are all produced in the industries. The result is that with greater adoption of modern farming methods inter-dependence of agriculture and industry has increased manifold.

Question 34.
What do you mean by Green Revolution? Why was it caused?
Answer:
Green Revolution means a rapid and sustained increase in the output of agriculture over a long period of time. This revolution took place in India in the late 1960s. The output of foodgrains increased manifold. Initially, the Green Revolution was limited only to wheat crop,, but lately, it spread to other crops like rice and oilseeds. It was caused by the use of modern methods like high yielding varieties of seeds, chemical fertilisers and insecticides.

Question 35.
Land being a natural resource, is necessary to be carefully used. Why?
Answer:
Land, a natural resource, is subject to degradation. Due to negligence and over-exploitation, highly fertile pieces of land are being degraded, i.e., they have become barren and uncultivable. This is due to over utilisation of fertilisers in order to increase the yield with higher cost of production. Ground water resources are also depleting faster. The farmers need to dig deeper in order to get water. Chemical fertilisers kill bacteria and other micro-organisms in the soil and make it unfit for cultivation.

All this indicates that land, a fixed asset, is under deep stress.

Question 36.
What can be done to increase the non-farm activities in the Indian Villages? [CBSE 2016]
Answer:
The things which can be done to increase the non-farm activities in the Indian villages are:

  1. Banks should provide loans at low interest rates so that the poor villagers can start some small-scale businesses and can earn their livelihood.
  2. Government should initiate effective employment generating schemes like small-scale industries, computer training centres, vocational courses etc.
  3. Government should provide training to the villagers in different skills.
  4. Government should provide facilities for transportation and selling of locally manufactured goods
    of the villagers in the cities. (any three)

Question 37.
Describe three features of small-scale manufacturing as non-farming activity in Palampur. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
Small-scale manufacturing in Palampur is carried out to supplement the earnings of the people.
The features of small-scale manufacturing in Palampur are:

  1. They are organised on very small scale and employ simple methods of production like simple machines, equipment and tools.
  2. Raw materials used by small-scale manufacturing are generally locally available.
  3. They are generally organised at home with family labour.
  4. These industries sell their products locally or in nearby villages. (any three)

Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks]

Question 38.
What is the aim of production? State any four requirements for production. [CBSE 2016,15]
Answer:
The aim of production is to generate income for those people who are involved in the production of goods and services.
The four requirements for production are:

  1. Land. It is a passive factor of production. It requires human effort to make it a productive resource. No activity can take place in the absence of land and it is the basis of all human activities.
  2. Labour. The second requirement is labour, i.e., people who do the work. Some activities require educated and skilled labour to perform the necessary tasks and others require workers who can do the manual work.
  3. Physical capital. The third requirement is physical capital. There are variety of inputs like machines,
    tools, raw materials and money required at every stage of production. It includes fixed capital and working capital. .
  4. Human capital. It is the knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour and physical capital to produce an output either to use for themselves or to sell in the market.

Question 39.
What is land? Suggest any three ways to sustain land. [CBSE 2011,10]
Answer:
Land is the basic natural resource required as an input in any production activity. It is fixed in nature.
The three ways to sustain land are: 

  1. To use fertilizers in a judicious manner so as to maintain the soil fertility.
  2. Not to overuse ground water, i.e., to maintain the ground water table.
  3. To carry out crop rotation/multiple cropping to increase the production and maintain soil fertility.

Question 40.
How can you say that the distribution of land is unequal in Palampur? [HOTS]
                                                           Or
How is land distributed amongst the farmers of Palampur? Explain. [CBSE 2011]
                                                           Or
Describe the distribution of land among farmers in Palampur. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
Land is very important for farming. Unfortunately, not all the people in Palampur have sufficient land for cultivation. Out of 450 families in Palampur, only 240 families cultivate plots less than 2 hectares in size and 150 dalit families are landless. The remaining 60 families of medium and large farmers cultivate more than 2 hectares of land. A few large farmers have land extending over 10 hectares or even more.

Cultivation from plots of land less than 2 hectares in size does not bring adequate income to the farmers family. On the other hand, half of the areas of the village is covered with plots quite large in size. Thus, land in Palampur is unevenly distributed.

Question 41.
Is it true that foodgrains output in India has increased significantly because of larger area under cultivation? Explain. [HOTS]
Answer:
It is not true that foodgrains output is India has increased because of larger area under cultivation. Foodgrain output in India has increased significantly because of Green Revolution in the late 1960s. At this time, farmers in Punjab, Haryana and later in Western Uttar Pradesh started using modern methods of farming like high yielding varieties of seeds, chemical fertilisers, modern implements, irrigation facilities, insecticides and pesticides. These methods enabled the farmers to increase the yield per hectare and their earnings from farming. They, after meeting their needs of foodgrains, had enough surplus to sell in the market. But as mentioned above, this was limited to mainly Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh initially. Although, later it was also copied in the case of rice cultivation in the delta regions of Tamil Nadu an$ some parts of Andhra Pradesh.

Question 42.
Distinguish between traditional farming methods and modern farming methods. [CBSE 2016]
Answer:

Traditional Farming Methods Modern Farming Method
(a) In these methods, simple and traditional seeds are used.

(b) Wells and tanks are used for irrigation.

(c) In these methods, fertiliser used is manure from cow dung.

(d) Farmers use bullocks for ploughing the fields.

(e) In these methods, manual labour and traditional old machines are used for all activities.

 (a) In these methods, high yielding varieties of seeds are used.

(b) Dams, tubewells and canals are used for irrigation.

(c)  In these methods, chemical fertilisers are used.

(d) Farmers use tractors and threshers for ploughing the fields.

(e)  In these methods, modern machinery is used for all activities.

 

Question 43.
What is meant by Green Revolution? Mention some of its features.
Answer:
The introduction of high yielding varieties of seeds and the increased use of chemical fertilisers and irrigation are collectively known as Green Revolution.
The major features of Green Revolution are:

  1. It was started in the late 1960s in the states of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh.
  2. Use of high yielding varieties of seeds which promised to produce more of crops on a single piece of land.
  3. Use of advanced technology, chemical fertilisers, insecticides, pesticides and a well-developed system of irrigation.
  4. It solved the food crisis in India and made India self-sufficient in foodgrains.
  5. It led to higher income growth and reduced poverty. (any four)

Question 44.
Explain two merits and three demerits of Green Revolution. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The two merits of Green Revolution are:

  1. Higher yield per hectare, increased up to three times by the use of higher yielding varieties of seeds.
  2. Greater use of machines like harvesters, tractors and threshers has made ploughing and harvesting much faster and easier.

The three demerits of Green Revolution are:

  1. Loss of soil fertility due to excessive use of chemical fertilisers.
  2. Continuous use of groundwater by means of tubewells in irrigation, the level of groundwater has declined.
  3. The chemical fertilisers easily soluble in water can dissolve in the groundwater and pollute it.

Question 45.
Green Revolution is associated with loss of soil fertility. In the light of the statement, mention five problems caused by modern farming. [CBSE 2014; HOTS]
Answer:
The problems caused by modern farming are:

  1. In many areas, it is associated with loss of soil fertility due to excessive use of chemical fertilisers.
  2. Continuous use of groundwater for tubewell irrigation has reduced the water table below the ground level.
  3. Pesticides and insecticides pollute surface water as well as air.
  4. Chemical fertilisers kill some necessary bacteria as well such as nitrogen fixing bacteria that add up to soil fertility. Thus, the cost of farming has gone up.
  5. It has adverse effect on environment as well as natural resources. Thus, creating pollution of
    soil and water due to excessive use of fertilisers.

Question 46.
Name any four non-farm production activities practised in Palampur. Give brief descriptions of any three. [CBSE 2015]
                                                                                     Or
Mention any four non-farm production activities of village Palampur. Which activity do you feel most useful for the villagers? Give any two reasons. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The non-farm activities practised in Palampur are:

  1. Dairy farming. People in Palampur rear buffaloes. They feed them on different types of grass, jowar and bajra. Milk is sold in nearby villages. Some people also set up collection and chilling centres from where milk is transported to the nearby cities and towns.
  2. Small-scale manufacturing. This involves simple production methods and are done on small scale. These are carried out at home with family members as labourers. The labourers are rarely hired for these activities.
  3. Shopkeeping. Shopkeepers in Palampur buy goods from wholesale markets in the cities and sell them in the village. Small stores sell a wide range of products like rice, wheat, sugar, oil and some clothes. Some people who have shops near the bus stop use them to sell eatables.
  4. Transport. There are different means of transport in Palampur like rickshaws, tongas, trucks, jeeps and tractors. These means of transport are used to transport goods and people from village to cities and the people get paid for this.
  5. Self-employed. Some people have opened computer training centres, stitching centres etc. to obtain more profits and to train more people for better opportunities in life. (any four)

I think computer education is most useful for the villagers because:

  1. It generates employment for the people being educated.
  2. It employs skilled persons in the village to teach so that they would not go to other cities and towns in search of employment opportunities.

Hope given Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 are helpful to complete your homework.

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