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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 2 The Sound of Music

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 2 The Sound of Music are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 2 The Sound of Music.

The Sound of Music Class 9 Textual Exercises (Page 20 & 25)

THINKING ABOUT THE TEXT
I. Answer these questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each.

1. How old was Evelyn when she went to the Royal Academy of Music ?
2. When was her deafness first noticed ? When was it confirmed ?

Answers

1. Evelyn was not even seventeen when she went to the Royal Academy of Music in London.
2. Her deafness was first noticed by her mother. It was when Evelyn was eight-year- old. By the time she was eleven it was confirmed.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 2 will help you to score more marks in your CBSE Examination.

II. Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph. (30-40 words).
1. Who helped her to continue with music ? What did he do and say ?
Or
Who helped Evelyn to continue with music ? What was his/her advice to Evelyn ? (CBSE)
2. Name the various places and causes for which Evelyn performs.

Answers

1. Ron Forbes, the percussionist, spotted her potential. He tuned two large drums to different notes. He said to Evelyn not to listen through her ears. She should listen through some other way instead.
2. She plays for the regular concerts. She also gives free concerts in prisons and hospitals.

III. Answer the question in two or three paragraphs. (100-150 words).

1. How does Evelyn hear music ?

Answers
1. Evelyn hears music not through her ears. But she hears it some other ways. She feels the higher drum from the waist up and the lower one from the waist down. She senses certain notes in different parts of her body. She has learnt to open her mind and body to various sounds and vibrations.

She says that the music pours in through every part of her body. It tingles in the skin, her cheekbones and even in her hair. Sometimes, she plays the xylophone. She can sense the sound passing up the stick into her fingertips. She can feel the resonance flowing into her body. She bares her feet on a wooden platform. She does so to let the vibrations pass through her bare feet and up her legs.

THINKING ABOUT THE TEXT
I. Tick the right answer :

1. The (shehnai, pungi) was a ‘reeded noisemaker’.
2. (Bismillah Khan, A barber, Ali Bux) transformed the pungi into a shehnai.
3. Bismillah Khan’s paternal ancestors were (barbers, professional musicians).
4. Bismillah Khan learnt to play the shehnai from (Ali Bux, Paigambar Bux. Ustad Faiyaaz Khan).
5. Bismillah Khan’s first trip abroad was to (Afghanistan, U.S.A., Canada).

Answers

1. pungi.
2. Ali Bux
3. professional musicians
4. Ali Bux
5. Afghanistan.

II. Find the words in the text which show Ustad Bismillah Khan’s feelings about the items listed below. Then mark a tick (✓) in the correct column. Discuss your answers in class.

Answers
Answers to be ticked as such are :

1. Positive
2. Negative
3. Negative
4. Neutral
5. Positive
6. Positive
7. Negative

Notes : Students can discuss these in the class, as desired with reference to what is given in the chapter.

III. Answer these questions in 30-40 words.

1. Why did Aurangzeb ban the playing of the pungi ?
2. How is a shehnai different from a pungi ? (CBSE)
3. Where was the shehnai played traditionally ? How did Bismillah Khan change this ?
4. When and how did Bismillah Khan get his big break ?
5. Where did Bismillah Khan play the shehnai on 15 August 1947 ? Why was the event historic ? (CBSE)
6. Why did Bismillah Khan refuse to start a shehnai school in the U.S.A. ?
7. Find at least two instances in the text which tell you that Bismillah Khan loves India and Benaras.

Answers
1. Aurangzeb banned the playing of the pungi for its sound. It had a shrill and unpleasant sound. It created noise only.

2. A shehnai is made of a natural hollow stem. It is longer and broader than the pungi. It has holes on the body of the pipe. It is played on with opening and closing these holes like a flute.

3. The shehnai was played traditionally in the Vishnu temple of Varanasi. His maternal uncle Ali Bux used to play the shehnai there. Bismillah Khan practised it in the temples of Balaji and Mangala Maiya. He changed it by creating Raagas in its playing.

4. Bismillah Khan got a big break. It was when he became a shehnai player on All India Radio. All India Radio was opened in Lucknow in 1938.

5. BismilHah Khan played the shehnai at the Red Fort in Old Delhi. He became the first Indian to greet the nation with his shehnai on August 15,1947. He played Raag Kafi to an audience there. It included Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.

6. He refused to start a shehnai school in the USA. It was because there was no Ganga there. The Ganga couldn’t also be taken up there. Whenever he was in the USA, he always missed seeing Hindustan.

7. Bismillah Khan loves India and Benaras much. He says that when he is in Mumbai, he thinks of Varanasi and the holy Ganga. When he is in a foreign land he keeps desiring to see Hindustan.

THINKING ABOUT LANGUAGE
I. Look at these sentences.

• Evelyn was determined to live a normal life.
• Evelyn managed to conceal her growing deafness from friends and teachers.

The italicised parts answer the questions : “What was Evelyn determined to do ?” and “What did Evelyn manage to do ?” They begin with a to-verb (to live, to conceal).

Complete the following sentences. Beginning with a to-verb, try to answer the questions in brackets.

1. The school sports team hopes …….. (What does it hope to do ?)
2. We all want ……… (What do we all want to do ?)
3. They advised the hearing-impaired child’s mother ……. (What did they advise her to do ?)
4. The authorities permitted us to ……. (What did the authorities permit us to do ?)
5. A musician decided to ……. (What did the musician decide to do ?)

Answers

1. to win
2. to succeed
3. to take her to a specialist
4. play
5. play a new Raaga

II. From the text on Bismillah Khan, find the words and phrases that match these definitions and write them down. The number of the paragraph where you will find the words/phrases has been given for you in brackets.

1. the home of royal people (1) ……….. .
2. the state of being alone (5) ……….. .
3. a part which is absolutely necessary (2) ……… .
4. to do something not done before (5) ……… .
5. without much effort (13) …….. .
6. quickly and in large quantities (9) …….. and …….. .

Answers

1. royal residence
2. solitude
3. an indispensable component
4. improvise
5. effortlessly
6. thick ; fast.

III. Tick the right answer.

1. When something is revived, it (remains dead/lives again).
2. When government bans something it wants it (stopped/started).
3. When something is considered auspicious, (welcome itlavoid it).
4. When we take to something, we find it (boring/interesting).
5. When you appreciate something, you (find it good and useful/find it of no use).
6. When you replicate something, you do it (for the first time/for the second time).
7. When we come to terms with something it is (still upsetting/no longer upsetting).

Answers

1. lives again
2. stopped
3. welcome it
4. interesting
5. find it good and useful
6. for the second time
7. no longer upsetting

WRITING
“If you work hard and know where you’re going, you’ll get there,” says Evelyn Glennie. You have now read about two musicians, Evelyn Glennie and Ustad Bismillah Khan. Do you think that they both worked hard? Where did they want to ‘go’?
Answer these questions in two paragraphs, one on each of the two musicians.

Answers
Yes, I think they worked really very hard in their lives. Evelyn became deaf in her early age. This could be a great physical handicap. But she didn’t feel disheartened. She worked like a workaholic. She achieved worldwide recognition. She herself admitted that she had to work often harder than a classical musician. While as a young girl, Evelyn noticed a girl playing a xylophone. She decided there and then that she wanted to play it too. Soon she realized her wish. Through hard work she captured most of the top awards.

Bismillah Khan too worked very hard. He used to sit practising throughout the day. He would sit at the banks of the Ganga and practise in solitude. He felt inspired from the Ganga to invent new ragas. Bismillah Khan’s hard work brought him the country’s highest civilian award the ‘Bharat Ratna’. This is the maximum that an artist can go to.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 2 The Sound of Music help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 2 The Sound of Music, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation will help you to score more marks in your CBSE board Examination.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation

Question 1.
List the items of food available to people in Harappan cities. Identify the groups who would have provided these.
Solution :
(a) The following items of food were available to people in Harappan cities : Wheat, barley, lentil, chickpea, sesame, millets, rice, fish, and goat.
(b)

• Animals such as cattle, sheep, buffalo and pig were domesticated. So, they could get meat from these animals.
• The evidence of a ploughed field at Kalibangan and knowledge of bull prove that harvesting was done by the Harappans.
• Regarding hunting of wild animals such as boar, deer and gharial, there is no proof whether the Harappans hunted these animals themselves or obtained meat from other hunting communities.

Question 2.
How do archaeologists trace socio-economic differences in Harappan society? What are the differences that they notice?
Solution:
Following examples can be cited to show the existence of social and economic variations : in the Harappan society:
(i) Study of burials is one example. In the Harappan sites, the deads were usually laid in pits. There were differences in the Way burial pits were made. At some instances, the hollowed-out spaces were lined with bricks. But these may not be taken as an indication of social differences.
(ii) In some graves pottery and ornaments have been found. Jewellery has been found from the graves of men and women as well. These findings can point out social and economic differences. ‘
(iii) The artefacts have been classified into two categories, Utilitarian and Luxurious. Objects of daily uses and objects made of ordinary materials made of clay or stone come under utilitarian category. Ordinary articles consisted of querns, pottery, flesh-rubbers and needles. These have been found distributed throughout settlements.
(iv) Objects of luxuries were rare and made from precious, non-local materials. The technology used was advanced and complicated. Little pots of faience were considered precious. They were also not easy to make. These show the existence of social and economic variations in the Harappan society.

Question 3.
Would you agree that the drainage system in Harappan cities indicates town planning? Give reasons for your answer.
Solution :
The drainage system in Harappan cities indicates town planning as is clear from the following reasons :

• It was planned drainage system. In the Lower Town, the roads and streets were laid out along an approximate “grid” pattern, intersecting at right angles.
• It seems from the plan of the Lower Town that streets with drains were laid out first and then houses built along them.
• The drains of every house were connected to the street drains. Very long drainage channels were provided at intervals with sumps for cleaning. Drainage system has been found in smaller settlements like Lothal.

Question 4.
List the materials used to make beads in the Harappan civilisation. Describe the process by which any one kind of bead was made.
Solution :
(a) The materials used to make beads in the Harappan civilisation were as given below:

• Stones like carnelian of a beautiful red colour, jasper, crystal, quartz, and steatite;
• Metals like copper, bronze, and gold;
• Shell, faience, and terracotta or burnt clay.

(b)

• The process or technique for making beads differed according to the material.
  For example, steatite, a very soft stone, was easily worked. Some beads were moulded out of a paste made with steatite powder. This permitted making a variety of shapes, unlike the geometrical form that were made out of harder stones.
• Red colour of carnelian was obtained by firing the yellowish raw material and beads at various stages of production.
• Nodules were chipped into rough shapes, and then finely flaked into the final form.
• Grinding, polishing, and drilling completed the process.

Question 5.
Look at figure and describe what you see. How is the body placed? What are the objects placed near it? Are there any artefacts on the body? Do these indicate the sex of the skeleton?
Solution :
(a) A dead body has been laid in a pit.
(b) Some objects of pottery are placed near it.
(c) There seems to be some ornaments on body but these do not indicate the sex of the skeleton because jewellery has been found in burials of both men and women.

Question 6.
Describe some of the distinctive features of Mohenj odaro.

Or

Describe the features that justify that Mohenjodaro was a planned urban cetnre.
Solution :
Some of the distinctive features of Mohenjodaro were as given below :

1. Mohenjodaro is the most well known site. It was divided into two sections – one smaller but higher and the other much larger but lower. These are known as the Citadel and the Lower Town, respectively. Both the sections were walled.
2. Several buildings were built on platforms which implies that the building activity was restricted on the platforms. It seems that the settlement was first planned and then implemented accordingly.
3. The standardised ratio of bricks – sundried or baked – is also a sign of planning. The length and breadth of bricks were four times and twice the height, respectively.
4. There was well-planned drainage system. The roads and streets were laid out along an approximate “grid” pattern, intersecting at right angles. It appears that streets with drains were laid down first and then houses built along them.
5. Residential buildings were centered on a courtyard, with rooms on all sides. There were no windows in the walls along the ground level to have privacy. The main entrance too did not give a direct view of the courtyard.
6. There was a bathroom in everyhouse. The drains were connected to the street drains.
7. Some houses had staircases to reach a second story or the roof.

Question 7.
List the raw materials required for craft production in the Harappan civilisation and discuss how these might have been obtained.
Solution :

Following is the list of materials required for craft production in the Harappan Civilisation:
Stone, clay, copper, tin, bronze, gold, faience, shell, camelian, jasper, crystal, steatite, quartz, timber.
Some of the raw materials were locally available whereas some were purchased from the distant places. Soil and wood were locally available raw materials. Stones, fine quality wood, metals were procured from distant places.
Settlements of the Harappans were situated at such places where raw materials were easily available. Nageshwar and Balacot were famous for shell. Some places were famous for Lapis Lazuli like Shortughai in Afghanistan. Rajasthan and Gujarat were famous for copper. Lothal was famous for camelian.

Another way of obtaining raw material was sending expeditions to different places.
Evidences show that expedition was sent to Khetri region of Rajasthan for copper and to South India for Gold. Through these expeditions local communities were contacted. Harappan evidences found at these places indicate contacts between each other. Evidences found at Khetri region were given the name of Ganeshwar Jodhpura Culture by archaeologists. Huge reserves of copper products were found here. It is assumed that inhabitants of these area sent copper to Harappan people.

Question 8.
Discuss how archaeologists reconstruct the past.
Solution :
It is the material evidence by which the archaeologists reconstruct the past. This material could be pottery, tools, ornaments and household objects. It is done in the following ways:

1. Classifying finds : The archaeologists classify their finds in terms of material, such as stone, clay, metal, bone, ivory, etc. and in terms of function i.e., an artefact is a tool or an ornament or both or something meant for ritual use.
2. The archaeologists try to reconstruct religious practices because certain objects which seemed unusual or unfamiliar may have had a religious significance. For example, terracotta figurines of women, heavily jewelled, some with elaborate head dresses were regarded as mother goddesses.
3. Religious beliefs and practices are reconstructed by examining seals, depicting ritual scenes, animals (one, horned animal) cross-legged yogic figure.
4. Many reconstructions are made on the assumption that later traditions provide parallels with earlier ones because archaeologists move from present to the past. The example is ‘proto-Shiva’ seal which can be compared with Rudra mentioned in Rigveda.

Question 9.
Discuss the functions that may have been performed by rulers in Harappan society.
Solution :
The functions that may have been performed by rulers in Harappan society whereas mentioned below –

1. There are indications of complex decisions being taken and implemented in Harappan society. For example, the extraordinary uniformity of Harappan artefacts as evident in seals, pottery, weights and bricks would have due the authority of the rulers. A large building has been found in Mohenjodaro. It might be a palace for the rulers. A stone statute has been labelled as ‘priest-king’. Thus, he may be a ruler who exercised authority for taking various decisions.
2. Whether the ritual practices were performed by the ‘priest-king’ is not clear because these practices of Harappan civilisation are not well understood yet nor are there any means of knowing whether those who performed them also held political power.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 12 History Chapter 1 Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappan Civilisation, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory

Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Visit for most accurate Class 8 Social Science NCERT Solutions prepared by expert trainers based on CBSE syllabus.

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of Plassey
(b) Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of Mysore
(c) Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of Lapse  
(d) Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the western part of India.

Question 3.
State whether True or False:
(a) The Mughal empire became stronger in the eighteenth century False  
(b) The English East India Company was the only European Company that traded with India.False 
(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab.True  
(d) The British did hot introduce administrative changes in the territories they conquered. False  

Question 4.
What attracted European trading companies to India?
Answer:
The European Companies saw great opportunities in trade with India. They could buy goods at a cheaper rate in India and carry them back to Europe to sell at a higher price. This opportunity attracted them to India.

Question 5.
What were the areas of conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company?
Answer:
Areas of conflict between the Nawabs of Bengal and the East India Company:

1. Requests to grant concessions to Company.
2. The demand of large tributes from the Company for the right to trade.
3. Denial of right to minting (making) coins.
4. Stoppage of fortification expansion.
5. Nawab claimed that the company was depriving the Bengal government of a huge amount of revenue.
6. Undermining the authority of the nawab.

Actions are taken by the Company

1. Refusal to payment of taxes by the Company.
2. Writing of disrespectful letters by the Company.
3. Trying to humiliate the nawab and his officials.
4. Enlargement of settlements by the Company, Buying villages.
5. The rebuilding of forts.

Question 6.
How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India Company?
Answer:
The assumption of Diwani benefited the East India Company in the following ways:

• The Diwani allowed the Company to use the vast revenue resources of Bengal.
• The outflow of gold and silver which the Company imported to buy goods in India was stopped.
• The revenue from Bengal now could be used to purchase cotton and silk textiles in India, maintain Company troops, and meet the cost of building the Company fort and offices at Calcutta.

Question 7.
Explain the system of “subsidiary alliance”.
Answer:
Under the subsidiary alliance;

1. Indian rulers were not allowed to have their independent armed forces.
2. The rulers were to be protected by the Company, but for this, they had to pay money.
3. If the Indian rulers failed to make the payment, then part of their territory was to be taken away as a penalty.

Question 8.
In what way was the administration of the Company different from that of Indian rulers?
Answer:
Administration of Company was different from that of Indian Ruler

Question 9.
Describe the changes that occurred in the composition of the Company’s army.
Answer:

1. The East India Company recruited professional soldiers in place of sawars and paidal soldiers.
2. The soldiers were trained in new warfare technology in European style.
3. The soldiers were armed with muskets and matchlocks.

Question 10.
After the British conquest of Bengal, Calcutta -grew from a small village to a big city. Find out about the culture, architecture, and the life of Europeans and Indians of the city during the colonial period.
Answer:
Hints: Visit the school library or get information from the internet.
Indians were influenced by the British culture, architecture, and lifestyle.

• Culture: British influence began.
• Architecture: Influenced by British Architecture (fortification of the city, churches, etc.). Rich Indians started constructing bungalows in the English style.
• Life: English education, English clothes, became be popular.

Question 11.
Collect pictures, stories, poems, and information about any of the following—the Rani of Jhansi, Mahadji Sindhia, Haidar Ali, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lord Dalhousie, or any other contemporary ruler of your region.
Answer:
The Rani of Jhansi: Collect information and photographs
Hints:

1.  Early childhood
2. Early marriage
3. Death of husband
4. Adopted son
5. Fight with British
6. Died fighting with the British.
7. History would always remember her.

1. Rani Of Jhansi:

Lakshmibai was born probably on 19 November 1828 in the holy town of Varanasi in a Marathi brahmin family. Her father was Moropant Tambe. Her father worked for a court of Peshwa of Bithoor district. Peshwa brought Manikarnika up like his own daughter. The Peshwa called her “Chhabili”, which means “playful”.

She was educated at home and was more independent in her childhood than others of her age; her studies included archery, horsemanship, and self-defense.

Rani Lakshmibai was accustomed to ride on horseback accompanied by a small escort between the palace and the temple. The Rani Mahal, the place of Rani Lakshmibai, has now been converted into a museum. She died, fighting British Army bravely, to save her state Jhansi.

2. Mahadaji Shindhia

Mahadaji Shinde (1730-1794 A.D.) also spelled as Mahadji Scindia or Mahadaji Scindia, was a Maratha ruler of the state of Gwalior in central India.

Mahadaji was instrumental in resurrecting Maratha power in North India after the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 and rose to become a trusted lieutenant of the

Peshwa, leader of the Maratha Empire. During his reign, Gwalior became the leading state in the Maratha Empire and one of the foremost military powers in India.

He accompanied Shah Alarm II (Mughal Badshah) in 1771 to Delhi in order to restore the Mughals in Delhi. The Marathas were practically at that time ruling Delhi.

He annihilated the power of Jats of Mathura and during 1772-73 and destroyed the power of Pashtun Rohillas in Rohilkhand and captured Najibabad. His role during the First Anglo Maratha War was greatest from the Maratha side since he humbled the British in Central India, single-handed, which resulted in the Treaty of Salbai in 1782, where he mediated between the Peshwa and the British.

3. Hyder Ali Of Mysore

Hyder Ali (1721-1782) was the sultan and de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born Hyder Naik, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore’s rulers. Rising from the post of Dalavayi (commander-in-chief) to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II, he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government. He became the de facto ruler of Mysore as Sarvadhikari (Chief Minister) by 1761. He offered strong anti-colonial resistance against the military advances of the British East’India Company during the First and Second Anglo Mysore Wars and he was the innovator of military use of the ‘iron-cased Mysorean rockets.

4. Maharaja Ranjit Singh

Ranjit Singh was born to Sardar Maha Singh and Raj Kaur on 13 November 1780, in Gujranwala, Punjab (now in Pakistan). As a child, he suffered from smallpox which resulted in the loss of one eye. At the time, much of Punjab was ruled by the Sikhs under a Confederate Sarbat Khalsa system, which had divided the territory among factions known as misls Ranjit Singh’s father was the commander of the Sukerchakia Misl and controlled a territory in west Punjab based around his headquarter at Gujranwala.

In 1799, Ranjit Singh captured Lahore (now in Pakistan) from the Bhangi Misl and later made it his capital. This was the first important step in his rise to power. In the following years, he brought the whole of central Punjab from the Sutlej to the Jhelum under his sway. This area includes north of Satluj (Jullundhar, Amritsar, Pathankot, etc.); and Lahore, Multan, etc. of Pakistan.

5. Lord Dalhousie

Governor-general of India (1848 to 1856): Lord Dalhousie is one the most negatively remembered personality in the rule of East India Company. He ruled India with his full efficiency from 1848 to 1856 A.D. In India, he was famous for various negative and positive reasons.
Positive:

1. Starting of Railway in 1853 A.D. for the first time, between Bombay to Thane.
2. Starting of postal and telegraph services in India.
3. Starting of widow remarriage in 1856 A.D.
4. Completion of Ganges Canal.
5. Reform in Indian civil services.

Negative

1. East India Company captured the princely state of Punjab in 1849 A.D.
2. Second Anglo-Burmese War.
3. The doctrine of Lapse (Most Controversial).
4. The annexation of Awadh.

From Trade to Territory Objective Type Questions

1. Match the following:

Answer:
(i)  c
(ii) d
(iii) a
(iv) b
(v)  f
(vi) e

2. State whether True or False:

1. The British originally came as traders. (True)
2. The battle of Buxar ended in 1764. (True)
3. The second Anglo Maratha war was fought in 1757. (False)
4. Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the northern part of India. (False)
5. The army was known as the sepoy army during the company’s rule. (True)

3. Fill in the blanks:

1. Indian rulers’ administrative units were divided into District, Parganas, and Tehsil 
2. The new system of justice was set up in the year 1772  
3. The first English factory was set up on the banks of the River Hugli
4. Queen Elizabeth granted the East India Company the sole right to trade with the East.
5. After the defeat at Plassey, Mir Jafar was made the Nawab.
6. Lord Dalhousie devised the policy of Doctrine of Lapse.

From Trade to Territory MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions)

Choose the correct answer:
1. Which of the following was NOT the Presidency?
(a) Bengal
(b) Madras
(c) Bombay
(d) Kalikata

2. Tipu Sultan stopped export through his kingdom in
(a) 1764
(b) 1772
(c) 1785   
(d) 1790

3. The first English factory was set up in the year
(a) 1600
(b) 1651
(c) 1655
(d) 1665

4. Who discovered the sea route to India in 1498?
(a) Columbus
(b) Dutch
(c) East India Company
(d) Vasco-da-Gama

5. Robert Clive committed suicide in the year
(a) 1770
(b) 1743
(c) 1767
(d) 1774

6. The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in the year
(a) 1743
(b) 1752
(c) 1761
(d) 1763

7. Rani Channamma was the ruler of
(a) Bengal
(b) Kitoor
(c) Agra
(d) Delhi

8. Haidar Ali was the ruler of
(a) Bengal
(b) Delhi
(c) Bombay
(d) Mysore

9. European trading companies were attracted to India due to
(a) cheap land
(b) cheap labour
(c) raw material like cotton silk and spices
(d) none of these

10. Competition among the companies resulted in
(a) reduced profits of companies
(b) quality of goods
(c) price became low
(d) none of these

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory, help you. If you have any queries regarding this NCERT solution for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 3)

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English will help you to score more marks in your CBSE board Examination.

Question 1.
Write about the following memories or experiences. Share your views with the class.

1. A memorable holiday spent with your grandmother
2. A story told by your grandmother
3. The things you admire the most about your grandmother
4. The difference between your mother and your grandmother

Answer
1. Yes, I remember a memorable holiday, I spent with my grandmother last month. Our school was closed for autumn break. I directly went to my grandmother who lives in a village. When she saw me she burst out like a beautiful flower. She hugged me. Then she offered me certain delicacies like home-made halwa, puree and kheer. She took me to the temple in the evening.

She asked me to pray to the goddess for prosperity of all. During evening she narrated the stories of our scriptures, The Ramayana, The Mahabharata, and The Panchtantra. She advised me that man’s good deeds always remain with him and these make him great. Doing good deeds and helping the needy ensures contentment. She told me that God loves those who love their fellow-beings. I had never heard such things earlier. These had an indelible impression on me. I promised her to follow her advice in my life and actions.

2. Like all grandmothers my mother also told me a story. It was of two cats and a monkey. The two cats got a chapati from somewhere. They started fighting over the chapati. Both of them wanted more of it. But they couldn’t understand how this could be divided equally between the two. They decided to take external help to settle the issue. By chance a monkey came their way. They told the monkey about their problem. The monkey asked them to wait for a few minutes. He reappeared with a balance and asked the cats to give the chapati to him. He knowingly made two pieces of it- one bigger and the other smaller.

He then put these two pieces on both the sides of the balance. When he balanced them to weigh one side went upwards and the other remained low. He tore a major part of the piece of chapati from the piece which hung low and ate it up. This side got less weighty and when he balanced, it went up. He then took a major part of the other piece of the chapati. He did this two, three times. By that time the whole chapati stood eaten by him. This amazed the cats as there was nothing left of the chapati for them. They learnt a bitter lesson that they wouldn’t fight. Also they won’t believe in a clever and crafty external force.

3. There are many things I admire the most about my grandmother. These are : her simple and straightforward nature; her simple living; her regular working schedule ; her religious mind and regularity of daily life. It is like rising in the morning, taking a bath, praying and some light physical exercises etc. My grandmother is still agile and active. She does the domestic chores by herself. She takes very simple food and eats those things that are not harmful for health. She never takes fried food.

She never takes cold drinks and never eats street food. Then she helps the needy. She gives charities and attends sermons by the holy men. She has a great faith in holy scriptures. She recites holy prayers by herself while worshipping in her own temple. Thus my grandmother leads a pious, regular and disciplined life. Due to the qualities of head and heart, she is admired and respected by all.

4. Yes, there is much difference between my mother and my grandmother. It is not of temperament or disposition. But it is mainly of physical compulsions of life. My mother has most of the qualities of my grandmother. But she can’t exercise them due to her being in service. She is always short of time and is always in a hurry. However, she has a frugal mind and is very conscious of spending money.

She doesn’t give much in charities as she thinks that giving alms makes the beggars parasites. She can’t pray as she has to leave for her school in the early morning. Then she can’t narrate us stories like our grandmother does. She doesn’t believe in giving a long » rope to the children as she believes that this can spoil them. But my grandmother believes firmly in love and affection. She feels and says that these, together with moral values, can bring wonderful results.

Question 2.
Have you ever been on a trip to any place in India, where you didn’t know the language spoken locally ? How did you feel ? How did you manage to communicate ?
Answer
Yes, I went to Tamil Nadu last year. There I had to face a lot of problems due to the Tamil language. I didn’t know Tamil and they didn’t know Hindi or English. Where I got some educated men to talk to, the problem didn’t arise as I could speak English. But in the rural side near Chidambaram, I really faced a tough time. I felt completely isolated and aloof.

The rural people tried to understand me and I them but I remained non- communicative. However, I spoke some broken words and gesticulated about the things. For instance, I needed vegetarian food and closing my fingers took them towards my mouth. Then I gave out a cock-like sound indicating, I was vegetarian and didn’t take meat etc. They laughed but understood. Then they willingly helped me by showing me the way to a vegetarian hotel. It was altogether a funny incident.

Question 4.
Now that you have enjoyed reading the story, answer the following questions by choosing the correct option
(a) The grandmother could relate to the central character of the story ‘Kashi Yatre’ as …..

1. both were old and uneducated.
2. both had granddaughters who read to them.
3. both had a strong desire to visit Kashi.
4. both were determined to learn to read.

(b) Why did the women at the temple discuss the latest episode of ‘Kashi Yatre’ ?

1. to pass their time.
2. the writer, Triveni, was very popular.
3. they could relate with the protagonist of the serial.
4. women have a habit of discussing serials.

(c) The granddaughter found her grandmother in tears on her return as

1. the grandmother had been unable to read the story Kashi Yatre’ on her own.
2. the grandmother had felt lonely.
3. the grandmother wanted to accompany her granddaughter.
4. she was sad she could not visit Kashi.

(d) Why did the grandmother touch her granddaughter’s feet ?

1. As a mark of respect to her teacher.
2. It was a custom in their family.
3. Girls should be respected.
4. She had read the story of Kashi Yatre’ to her.

Answer
(a) (i)
(b) (ii)
(c) (i)
(d) (i)

Question 5.
Answer the following questions briefly

1. What made Triveni a popular writer ?
2. Why did the grandmother depend on her granddaughter to know the story ?
3. Pick out two sentences which state that the grandmother was desperate to know what happened in the story.
4. Could the grandmother succeed in accomplishing her desire to read ? How ?
5. Which of the following traits would be relevant to the character of the narrator’s grandmother ?
   1. determined
   2. selfish
   3. emotional
   4. mean

Give reasons for your choice.
Answer
1. The story of the heroine in Kashi Yatre, her desire to visit Kashi and the Indianness in her writings made Triveni a popular writer. The simple themes, social, moral and cultural values appeal to the hearts of all the readers. Then these are connected with life of the common people. These add to this popularity. Finally, the universality and psychological aspects of the themes made her very popular.

2. The grandmother depended on her granddaughter to know the story because she was illiterate and the granddaughter was literate. The grandmother couldn’t read anything of the serial on her own. In fact her granddaughter used to read the story for her.

3. The two sentences are :

1. Many times, I rubbed my hands over the pages wishing they could understand what was written.
2. If only I was educated enough.

4. Yes, the grandmother could succeed. She made her granddaughter teach her by her humble pleadings and the necessity of the situation. Her determination and humility made her learn the alphabet. She was able to accomplish her desire to read the novel due to her determination and will power.

5. 1, 3 .

• The grandmother was simply desperate to read the serial on her own. This egged her on to start learning the Kannada alphabet. Finally she was able to read due to her determination and willpower.
• She was highly emotional also. This showed her simplicity of heart and desperate willingness to learn. Tears in her eyes and her smiling even though her granddaughter making fun of her bore good results. Her granddaughter became her teacher. Due to that she learnt the Kannada alphabet quickly.

Question 6.
Here are some direct quotations from the story. Identify the speaker and write what each quotation suggests about the speaker. You can use the adjectives given in the box and may also add your own.

amiable, tender, gentle, sympathetic, understanding, determined, diligent, kind, concerned, systematic, wise, helpful, enthusiastic, selfish, cruel, humble, religious, prudent


Answer

*The italicised adjectives given above are from our own side, as desired.

LISTENING TASK
Question 7.
Now you are going to listen to the story of a young girl about a special day.
(a) Based on your listening of the story complete the boxes given below.

Answer
The children did the following for the old people :

1. They blew balloons and hung them around the hall of the Old Age Home they visited.
2. They cut out Chart Papers.
3. They wrote quotes on them.
4. They drew pictures on them.
5. They then stuck them on the wall.
6. They bought a big cake for them.
7. They cut the nice big Cake they took with them and distributed its pieces among the inmates of the Old Age Home.
8. They sang songs for them and conversed with them.

(b) List any three feelings of the old people in this story.

1. ______
2. _____
3. _____

Answer
The following are the three feelings of the old people in this story :

1. feelings of loneliness
2. of insecurity
3. of missing their children and grandchildren

(c) Complete the following :

1. We can make our grandparents happy by______
2. We can avoid constructing more and more Old Age Homes by______

Answer

1. … sitting with them, sharing their experiences and helping them physically/giving them company.
2. visiting them frequently and/or by keeping them with us as important members of the family.

Question 8.
After having read the story, you realise the anguish of the illiterate adults. You want to make your friends aware of it and contribute something in bringing about a change in the lives of the illiterate adults. Deliver a speech in the morning assembly at your school about the Importance of Adult Education and ways to implement it.

Read the following to make your speech effective :
The introduction of a speech is like the nose of an airplane. The nose sets the course and leads the plane off in a specific direction. A good introduction sets the direction of your speech by

• getting the attention of your audience
• introducing your topic
• stating your central idea or purpose
• briefly identifying the main points
• making your audience eager to hear what you have to say

Answer
Worthy Principal, teachers and fellow-students
Today I, Pradeep, of class IX, stands before you to deliver a speech on the Importance of Adult Education and ways to implement it.- Well, at the outset, I would say that illiterates are liable to be cheated everywhere. They have to be dependent on others for knowing things around them. They are branded as ‘illiterates’ and treated in a hateful way.

They can’t maintain their accounts and can easily be deceived, cheated and befooled. They are discriminated against. They can’t join the mainstream of social life. Their knowledge about what is happening around them is minimal. So they feel handicapped to take part in matters requiring far-sightedness, wisdom and maturity. The importance of Adult Education is seen in the fact that the illiterates get a sense of fulfilment in being literate. They can take advantages of various schemes of the govt, meant for their social, economic and moral uplift.

You’ll agree with me that we as students can render a yeoman’s service in educating these adult illiterates. We can hold Literacy Camps in villages and tell them the advantages of being literate. Literate women can bring a drastic change in their lives. Being literate they can read material on childcare, health and hygiene, and other areas of human knowledge and activity.

They can progress in all fields of human life and raise themselves up in all spheres. They can learn a lot about latest techniques of farming, need for personal hygiene and importance of cleanliness, hygiene, family planning etc. Being literate they can decide what is good or bad for them. We should, therefore, convince the adult illiterates to join the literacy classes whenever they are held.
Thank you very much.

WRITING TASK
Question 9.
You are the grandmother. How did you feel when your granddaughter gave you the novel ‘Kashi Yatre’ ? Write your feelings in your diary.
To make your diary entry interesting, read the following information about what is a diary entry.
A diary entry is a purely personal piece of writing. The writer expresses his/her thoughts and feelings. Reactions to incidents are generally poured out in a diary. Hence expressions that are emotionally charged are used.
For example – When you are happy about something, you could start like this—
8th July 20xx, Wednesday             8 pm
Today I am very happy as …………..
Answer
8th July 20xx, Wednesday 8 pm
Today I am very happy to have been gifted with Triveni’s novel Kashi Yatre. I just fell in love with the grand old lady who is the central figure in this novel and identified myself with her. Actually the serialisation of this novel in the Kannada weekly Karmaveera raised in me the desire of knowing more and more about her. I, too, was once drawn towards a feeling of visiting Kashi and worshipping Lord Vishweshwara as the ultimatepunya. I fully supported this old lady in having given all her saving to the orphan girl. She rightly thought it was more an action of punya than visiting Kashi. I, too, could have done the same thing. This help was more punya. This orphan girl couldn’t marry her lover, whom she loved passionately due to poverty. Thus the old lady as the heroine of the novel proved more appreciative because of her qualities of head and heart.

I shall cherish this novel more because it enabled me to be literate. Actually with this novel more sweet memories are intertwined. These are like how I developed fascination for the heroine and how my own granddaughter became my teacher. The craving to know more about the old lady simply motivated me to be literate. Now I can read any novel. I shall keep this Kashi Yatre as my holy book. May my granddaughter live long ! Grandmother

Question 10.
Here is a story about Swami and his grandmother. After reading the excerpt, change it into a conversation between Swami and his Grandmother.
Answer
Swami : Oh, Granny ! You don’t know what a great fellow Rajam is. He has a large heart and is very wise and far-sighted. For instance, he had some sort of enmity with Mani. But he soon became his friend, even though he has a police dress.
Granny : Is it ? Why should he want a police dress ?
Swami : His father is the Police Superintendent and commands over all policemen here.
Granny : Then his office must be tremendous. Swami, your grandfather was a powerful sub-magistrate. Before him his office even the police force and the fiercest dacoits would tremble.
Swami : This is o.k. Granny. Enough of your stories. Now listen. I want to tell you something about Rajam. Do you know how many marks Rajam gets in arithmetic ?
Granny : Does he get all the marks, child ?
Swami : No silly. He gets ninety marks out of one hundred.
Granny : You too must try and get marks like him. You know, Swami, your grandfather used to frighten the examiners with his answers sometimes. He took one tenth of the time that others took to answer the question. And then answers would be so correct that the teachers would give two hundred marks sometimes.
Swami : Oh, enough, Granny ! You relate unnecessary stories. Please listen about Rajam.
Granny : Alright.
Swami : Now listen. Rajam’s father was camping in a forest with his son. Two tigers came upon them suddenly, one knocking his father from behind. The other began chasing Rajam but he took shelter behind a bush and shot that dead with his gun …. Granny, are you asleep ?

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