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Julius Caesar Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature

Julius Caesar Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Question 1.
How do the heavens ‘blaze forth’ the death of Julius Caesar?
Answer:
The heavens sent omens foretelling a major calamity—like Calpumia’s dream of Caesar being murdered, a lioness whelping in the streets, graves opening and dead bodies lying around, warriors fighting upon the clouds and drizzling blood upon the Capitol, horses neighing, dying men groaning and ghosts shrieking about the streets.

Question 2.
Why does Calpurnia say Caesar’s ‘wisdom is consumed in confidence’? What does she mean?
Answer:
Calpumia means that though Caesar is wise, he is overconfident. His wisdom is destroyed by his overconfidence.

Question 3.
What did Calpurnia dream about Caesar? How did Decius Brutus interpret the dream?
Answer:
Calpumia dreamt she saw Caesar’s statue spout blood like a fountain and Romans came smiling and dipped their hands in the blood. She saw the dream as a warning that danger was imminent. Decius Brutus interprets the dream as a lucky vision. He said it signified that from Caesar, Rome shall imbibe fresh life and great men will earnestly desire relics marked with his blood.

Question 4.
What are the arguments put forward by Decius Brutus to convince Caesar to go to the Capitol?
Answer:
Decius flatters Caesar into disregarding the fears of his wife. He says that the Senate decided to offer a crown to Caesar that day and if he does not go they may change their minds and mock him for being afraid. They may say that the Senate should be dismissed till Caesar’s wife has better dreams.

Question 5.
Why is Decius more successful than Calpurnia in persuading Caesar?
Answer:
Decius is more successful than Calpurnia in persuading Caesar because he appeals to Caesar’s ambition and vanity.

Question 6.
What is the petition put before Caesar by the conspirators? How does Caesar respond to it?
Answer:
The conspirators want Caesar to recall the order of exile passed against Metellus Cimber’s brother, Publius. Caesar refuses to listen to them and change his mind.

Question 7.
Who says ‘Et tu, Brute’? When are these words spoken? Why?
Answer:
Caesar says these words just after Brutus stabs him. Caesar loved Brutus and could not believe Brutus would do such a deed.

Question 8.
In the moments following Caesar’s death, what do the conspirators proclaim to justify Caesar’s death?
Answer:
The conspirators proclaim that they killed Caesar to free Rome of him and to establish democracy— ‘Liberty, freedom, and enfranchisement! ’

Question 9.
Seeing the body of Caesar, Antony is overcome by grief. What does he say about Caesar?
Answer:
Antony is saddened that the great conqueror Caesar is reduced to a dead body lying on a small piece of the ground. He expresses willingness to die at the conspirators’ hands while their hands and weapons are still warm with Caesar’s blood.

Question 10.
Whom does Antony call ‘the choice and master spirits of this age’? Why?
Answer:
Antony calls the conspirators—Brutus, Cassius and the others as ‘the choice and the master spirits of this age.’ He is actually mocking them beneath his pretence of flattery.

Question 11.
How do Brutus and Cassius respond to his speech?
Answer:
Brutus tells him not to beg for his death at their hands. He says that he killed Caesar for he loved Rome more than he loved his friend. Cassius, on the other hand, appeals to Antony’s greed and says that he will have a say in the new government.

Question 12.
Why does Cassius object to allowing Antony to speak at Caesar’s funeral? How does Brutus overcome this objection?
Answer:
Cassius fears Antony and his ability as an orator. Brutus says he will speak first and tell the citizens that Antony was speaking with their permission.

Question 13.
What are the conditions imposed by the conspirators before allowing Antony to speak at Caesar’s funeral?
Answer:
While speaking of Caesar’s greatness, Antony must not blame the conspirators for murdering Caesar. He must also say that he has been permitted to speak at Caesar’s funeral by the conspirators. Moreover, he must speak from the same pulpit as Brutus.

Question 14.
When he is left alone with the body of Caesar, what does Antony call Brutus and the others?
Answer:
Antony calls them butchers.

Question 15.
What prediction does Antony make regarding the future events in Rome?
Answer:
Antony predicts that Italy will be cursed as civil war shall break out; bloodshed, destruction and dreadful sights will become so familiar that mothers shall smile when they see their infants killed in war, pity will be destroyed due to foul deeds becoming common. Caesar’s spirit shall roam about for revenge, dead bodies will be lying around rotting and stinking and there will be no one to give them a decent burial.

Question 16.
What reasons does Brutus give for murdering Caesar?
Answer:
Brutus says that Caesar was ambitious. Brutus loved Rome and that it stands for more than just Caesar.

Question 17.
Who says, ‘Let him be Caesar’? What light does this throw on the speaker?
Answer:
One of the citizens says this after Brutus’ speech. He has not understood the reasons Brutus has given for Caesar’s murder.

Question 18.
Why is Antony’s speech more effective?
Answer:
Brutus’ straightforward appeal to logic and reason versus Antony’s appeal to emotion through the use of irony, sarcasm and reiteration, is more effective.

Question 19.
At the end of the scene what is the fate of Brutus and Cassius?
Answer:
Brutus and Cassius are attacked by the mob who rush to set fire to their houses.

Question 20.
Why does Calpurnia urge Caesar not to step out of the house?
Answer:
Many bad omens had been witnessed during the night. The watchmen had seen strange sights. A lioness had given birth to her young ones in the streets, graves had opened and ghosts had been heard shrieking in the streets. Fierce battles had been fought in the clouds and the blood of the soldiers had fallen on the Capitol. Calpurnia herself had seen a horrible dream in Caesar was being murdered and Romans were bathing their hands in Caesar’s blood. Frightened by these sights and her dream, Calpurnia urged Caesar to stay at home as these happenings foretold the death of a great person.

Question 21.
Why does Caesar make the following remark, ‘Cowards die many times before their deaths’?
Answer:
Caesar makes the above statement to calm Calpurnia’s fears. Frightened by bad omens and her dream, Calpurnia urged Caesar to stay at home as these omens predicted the death of a great person. Caesar tells Calpurnia that while cowards imagine their death frequently, thus dying in their minds several times over, brave men, refusing to dwell on death, die only once. He cannot understand why men fear death, which must come eventually to all. Caesar maintains that he will not stay at home out of fear.

Question 22.
How does Decius interpret Calpurnia’s dream about Caesar’s murder?
Answer:
Calpurnia, in her dream, had seen a statue of Caesar spouting blood from a hundred places and many Romans bathing their hands in it. Decius told Caesar that Calpurnia had completely misinterpreted her dream.

Caesar’s statue gushing blood in many places and Romans bathing.hands in it signified that Rome would draw reviving blood from Caesar. Great men would come to obtain tinctures, relics and other tokens of remembrance. Caesar would prove to be a source of inspiration for Rome and his achievements would be the source of renewed vitality for the country.

Question 23.
What arguments does Decius provide to convince Caesar to go to the Senate?
Answer:
Firstly, Decius interprets Calpumia’s dream in a favourable light to show that Caesar would be the source of inspiration for Rome. From Caesar, Rome will imbibe fresh life and great men will earnestly desire relics marked with his blood. He then tells Caesar that the Senate decided to offer a crown to him that day, and if he did not attend the meeting, they may change their minds. After listening to these arguments, Caesar dismisses Calpumia’s fears and decides to go to the senate.

Question 24.
What was the petition that was put before Caesar? Why?
Answer:
Metellus approached Caesar to request that his brother, Publius’Cimber, who had been banished from Rome, be granted permission to return. The petition had been put forward by the conspirators knowing very well that Caesar would not grant their request as Publius Cimber was banished by lawful decree and there was no just cause for absolving his guilt. Moreover, Caesar prided himself on being firm on his decisions. Caesar’s refusal would then give them an excuse to assassinate him.

Question 25.
In what manner does Caesar assert the firmness of his decisions when he rejects Metellus Cimber’s petition in the senate?
Answer:
Caesar declares that he is not an ordinary man who is moved by entreaties and appeals. He says that he is as constant as the pole star. Like the pole star, Caesar is unwavering. He tells the conspirators not to try to make him change his mind as he was not like them. If he had been an ordinary mortal, he would have changed his mind. But nothing that they could say would cause him to deviate from his decision.

Question 26.
Briefly describe how Caesar was assassinated.
Answer:
The conspirators urged Caesar to recall Publius Cimber but he rejected their petition. Casca was the first person to stab Caesar. As Caesar refused to recall Publius Cimber, Casca said, ‘Speak hands for me’ and stabbed Caesar from behind. The other conspirators also stabbed Caesar. When Caesar saw Brutus stab him,he gave up the struggle and saying, ‘Et tu, Brute’ muffled up his face in his mantle and died at the foot of Pompey’s statue.

Question 27.
Why does Antony ‘shake hands’ with Caesar’s enemies?
Answer:
Antony realises that as he is Caesar’s friend, his credit stands on ‘slippery ground’. The conspirators may kill
him too, in order to prevent any opposition to their plan. Therefore, he meets the conspirators and professes friendship. Even while he is shaking hands with them, he knows that he is going to avenge Caesar’s death. He knows that with his ability as an orator he can swing the Roman populace to his side. But to do this he must . first be allowed to speak at Caesar’s funeral. Keeping all these reasons in mind, Antony pretends friendship with the conspirators.

Question 28.
How does Brutus justify the assassination of Caesar when he addresses the mob?
Answer:
Brutus tells the Romans that he participated in the conspiracy to assassinate Caesar not because he did not love Caesar but because he loved Rome more than he loved Caesar. -He says if Caesar had been allowed to live, the Romans would have been treated like slaves by him. He had assassinated Caesar in their interests. Caesar had to be killed because he was ambitious and every Roman who loved his country and who wanted to live as a free citizen should rejoice at Caesar’s death.

Question 29.
How does Antony prove to the mob that Caesar was not ambitious?
Answer:
Antony tells the mob that Caesar had brought many prisoners to Rome and the ransom he had obtained for
their release had filled the public treasury. This act showed that he was not ambitious. Furthermore, Caesar had wept whenever poor people had cried in distress. This showed that he was not ambitious, as ambitious people are hard-hearted. Finally, Caesar had refused the offer of a crown at the feast of Lupercal though Antony had thrice offered the crown to him.

Question 30.
How does Antony produce in the hearts of the mob a feeling of sympathy for the dead Caesar?
Answer:
Antony calls upon the mob to get ready to shed tears and shows them the dead body of Caesar. He shows them the many wounds which had been afflicted upon Caesar’s body. Pointing to the wounds, he shows them the ones made by Cassius, Brutus and Casca. He says that the cut made by Brutus was the unkindest one as Caesar loved Brutus dearly and Brutus had betrayed this love. The Romans are filled with sympathy for Caesar and their eyes fill up with tears.

Julius Caesar Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Compare the speeches of Brutus and Antony.
Answer:
Brutus speaks in an arrogant manner and justifies conspiring against Caesar as Caesar’s ambition would have hurt Rome. He seeks to explain why he conspired against Caesar. He begins his speech with ‘Romans,  countrymen … ’ appealing to their consciousness as citizens of Rome. Brutus declares that his reason for : killing Caesar was his great love for Rome.

Antony focuses on Caesar’s positive traits and cunningly disproves Brutus’ justification for killing Caesar. He starts out by addressing the crowd as ‘Friends’and comes to them as a friend rather than a ruler trying to gain power. He says—“I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.” He disproves Caesar’s ambition with three examples:

• donated the ransom of captives to the treasury
• cried with the poor people
• refused the kingship that Antony offered him thrice.

He appeals to their emotions by showing Caesar’s dead body and appeals to their greed by reading the will.

Question 2.
Brutus makes a number of mistakes that leads to the downfall of the conspirators. What are his mistakes?
Answer:
He allows Antony to speak at Caesar’s funeral despite Cassius’s objection. Antony, with his impassioned “speech, was able to turn the crowd against the conspirators. He does not understand the Romans and kills Caesar for the ideal of democracy as he was becoming too powerful. Romans admire Caesar’s power as he appeals to the logic of the mob. The mob do not understand his reasoning and become easy prey to Antony’s emotional speech.

Characters

Question 3.
Julius Caesar
Answer:
Julius Caesar is a warrior. He thinks that he is above everyone else and an extraordinary man. As a result, he is very arrogant and overconfident and takes very little notice of the people around him. Though he claims to be as constant as the northern star, he is indecisive and easily swayed by others (as in the case of his indecision in going to the Senate). As far as he is concerned, the senators are unimportant and to be spumed out of his way. Common people have a great deal of respect for Caesar and believe that he would be a good and powerful leader who has Rome’s welfare at heart. Caesar is also ruthless and craves power. He believes that everybody likes him and that is why he is surprised when the conspirators attack him.

Question 4.
Calpurnia
Answer:
Calpumia is superstitious. She takes her dream to be an evil omen, which signifies the murder of her husband. She is worried about Caesar’s well-being and repeatedly dissuades him from meeting the Senate that day. She tells Caesar
“When beggars die, there are no comets seen;
The heavens themselves blaze forth the death of princes.”
She loves Caesar and is afraid for him.

Question 5.
Decius Brutus
Answer:
He shows himself to be a clever manipulator who changes Caesar’s mind about going to the Senate.
He flatters Caesar by giving a favourable explanation of Calpumia’s dream—
“Your statue spouting bipod in many pipes,
In which so many smiling Romans bathed,
Signifies that from you great Rome shall suck Reviving blood, and that great men shall press For tinctures, stains, relics and cognisance.’
He plays to Caesar’s ambition when he says—
‘the senate have concluded
To give this day a crown to mighty Caesar.
If you shall send them word you will not come,
Their minds may change. ’
He plays to Caesar’s vanity when he says—
‘most mighty Caesar,/from you great Rome shall suck
Reviving blood, …”

Question 6.
Brutus
Answer:
He is simple and straight-forward. He says—
“I will myself into the pulpit first,
And show the reason of our Caesar’s death:
What Antony shall speak, I will protest He speaks by leave and by permission.’
He is honourable in his intentions when he murders Caesar as is reflected in this speech—
‘Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.”
He is a poor judge of character and allows Antony to speak at Caesar’s funeral without realising that the mob has no brains. He appeals to their logic and as a true democrat he declares that he loves liberty and dignity. Brutus justifies Caesar’s murder, saying—
“As he was ambitious, I slew him.”

Question 7.
Cassius
Answer:
Cassius is very crafty and tactful. He sees through most people and understands what they are truly like. He is also very good at manipulating people. He can see that Mark Antony is not being sincere when talking to Brutus and he can see that Mark Antony does not indeed place his loyalty with the conspirators but is, in fact, determined for revenge. He can also see that Mark Antony does not plan on saying good things about the conspirators at Caesar’s funeral. That is why he tries to bribe Antony—“Your voice shall be as strong as any man’s/ In the disposing of new dignities.” His tragedy lies in the fact that he is in awe of Brutus and allows himself to be overruled by him, despite possessing better judgment.

Question 8.
Antony
Answer:
Mark Antony is a great friend of Caesar and thinks very highly of him. He is a very cunning man and he is able to manipulate people. He cares a lot for Caesar and he wants revenge. Although he can hide it, he has a lot of hatred for the conspirators who have killed Caesar. At first he seems so upset with Caesar’s assassination that he wishes to die too. However, he decides that avenging his death would be a better way.

He is a good judge of character and appeals to Brutus and not Cassius when he pretends friendship with the conspirators. A good orator, he plays upon the emotions of the crowd and ruthlessly sets them on the path of mischief against the conspirators.

Question 9.
The Mob
Answer:
The mob is being referred to as a ‘Hydra-headed multitude’ who possess an incapacity to understand logic. Brutus talks to them of liberty and democracy but as he leaves they say “Caesar’s better parts/Shall be crown’d in Brutus.” They are not democratic at heart and want a hero to worship—“Let him be Caesar.” They are emotional in their approach as they say “Kind souls, what, weep you when you but behold Our Caesar’s vesture wounded?” They are also fickle as their opinion of Caesar keeps on changing between suspicion and respect. Initially they say—“This Caesar was a tyrant.”

Later the same mob says—“If thou consider rightly of the matter, Caesar has had great wrong.” They are
brutal and barbaric when they say—
“We’ll bum the house of Brutus …
We’ll bum his body in the holy place,
And with the brands fire the traitors’ houses.”
They are the deciding element of this play as they turn the action around, swing the tide in Antony’s favour.

Question 10.
Discuss the attention paid (or not paid) to omens, nightmares, and other supernatural events. What do the various responses to these phenomena show about the struggle between fate and humans in Julius Caesar?
Answer:
The supernatural phenomena in Julius Caesar include Calpumia’s dream of Caesar’s statue mnning with blood and the strange sights seen by the watchmen—a lioness giving birth to her young ones in the streets, graves opening, ghosts shrieking in the streets and fierce battles being fought in the clouds with the blood of the soldiers falling on the Capitol. Though Calpumia is upset, Caesar ignores the various omens.

Caesar believes that the omens could apply just as easily to Rome in general as to him personally and he quickly comes to believe that Calpumia has misinterpreted her dream. As the plot unfolds, it becomes clear that these omens had been a warning of events that are to take place. Julius Caesar fails to heed the warning. Tragically, Caesar believes that his refusal to heed these signs proves his strength, courage and indomitable nature.

Though Caesar believes that he is displaying the force of his will by ignoring the warnings and attending the Senate, ironically, it is precisely this action that precipitates his fated death.

Question 11.
Bring out the theme of rhetoric versus power in Julius Caesar.
Answer:
Under the guise of a gesture of friendship, Antony actually marks the conspirators for vengeance. Brutus speaks to the crowd and appeals to the love of liberty in order to justify the killing of Caesar. He also makes ample references to the honour in which he is generally esteemed, to validate his explanation of the deed. Antony likewise wins the crowd’s favor, using persuasive rhetoric to whip the masses into a frenzy so great that they don’t even realize the fickleness of their favour.

The value that can be derived from this incident is the relationship between rhetoric and power. Words serve to move hearts and minds, as Antony cleverly convinces the conspirators of his desire to side with them, “Let each man render me with his bloody hand.”

Question 12.
Why does Brutus join the conspirators? Is it simply a matter of saving Rome from Caesar’s supposed tyranny or does Brutus have something else to gain?
Answer:
When it seems evident to the conspirators that Julius Caesar is headed for absolute power, he becomes a threat to the ideals and values of the Roman Republic. They assassinate Caesar before he can be crowned king. The irony is that Caesar’s death results in civil war. However, the Romans, looking for a hero,to idolise, do not understand why Caesar was killed.

Brutus speaks to the crowd about his reasons for killing Caesar and the fact that he killed his friend “Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more”, and having given his reasons prepares to depart, the crowd cheers Brutus’s apparent kindness, declaring that Brutus should be Caesar. The value that can be derived from this incident is that when two factions with questionable motives grab for power, chaos ensues and the Republic is never the same again.

Question 13.
Friendship vs Deception is an important theme of Julius Caesar. Comment.
Answer:
Friendship can be defined as a unique blend of affection, loyalty, love, respect and trust between two individuals. There are many friendships that exist in Julius Caesar—between Caesar and Mark Antony, Caesar and Brutus, Decius and Caesar and Brutus and Cassius.

There was close friendship between Mark Antony and Caesar, so when the latter was killed, Antony wanted revenge. He deceived Brutus and the other conspirators by saying, “Friend I am with you all, and love you all” to manipulate Brutus, put his doubts at ease and seek permission to speak at Caesar’s funeral. Brutus agreed and Antony spoke to the people and used his words to manipulate the plebeians to revolt against the conspirators.

An example of deception, in the play was the friendship between Decius and Caesar. Decius went to Caesar’s house on the fateful day and used the latter’s love and trust for him to manipulate Caesar to come to the Senate.
‘ Another friendship is that between Brutus and Cassius. Cassius loved Brutus and gave in to him against better judgement. The trusting Brutus underestimated Antony and allowed him to speak at Caesar’s funeral, Cassius pulled him aside and said, “You know not what you do. Do not consent that Antony speak in Caesar’s funeral.” Brutus overrode him, leading to their downfall.

Even Caesar and Brutus were friends Bratus betrayed Caesar by being part of the conspiracy. When he stabbed Caesar, Caesar gave up his straggle saying, “et tu Bratus?” before he fell to the floor and died.
This play teaches us that friendship is a very delicate and sometimes a manipulative relationship.

Julius Caesar Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow:

Question 1.
Caesar:
Cowards die many times before their deaths;
The valiant never taste of death but once.
Of all the wonders that I yet have heard.
It seems to me most strange that men should fear;
Seeing that death, a necessary end,
Will come when it will come.

(a) Whom is Caesar speaking to? Why does he say these words?
Answer:
Caesar is speaking to Calpumia. He says these words because she wants him to stay at home as she feels his life is in danger.

(b) What fears has the listener expressed?
Answer:
Calpumia, who is the listener, has expressed the fear that Caesar’s death is imminent.

(c) What is the basis for the fears?
Answer:
The basis for the fears is Calpumia’s dreams of the previous night, which contained unusual sights.

Question 2.
“But here’s a parchment with the seal of Caesar;
I found it in his closet, ’tis his will:
Let but the commons hear this testament—
Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read—
And they would go and kiss dead Caesar’s wounds”

(a) Who speaks these words? Where is the speaker at this moment?
Answer:
Mark Antony speaks these words. He was in a pulpit in Rome speaking at Caesar’s funeral.

(b) What are the contents of Caesar’s will that he is referring to?
Answer:
Mark Antony is referring to the section where Caesar had left to every Roman citizen 75 drachmas. Moreover, he willed all his walks, his private gardens and newly planted orchards on the banks of the Tiber to the Romans for their pleasure so that they may walk there and enjoy themselves.

(c) Why does the speaker read Caesar’s will to the citizens?
Answer:
The speaker read Caesar’s will to the citizens to appeal to their greed and sway them.

(d) What is the reaction of the listeners to the reading of the will?
Answer:
As desired by Antony, the listeners turn against the conspirators after the reading of the will.

Question 3.
Caesar:
Nor heaven nor earth have been at peace to-night:
Thrice hath Calpumia in her sleep cried out,
‘Help, ho! they minder Caesar!

(a) Explain: ‘Nor heaven nor earth have been at peace to-night.’
Answer:
There had been a terrible storm at night and the skies had been raging. Calpumia, too, had a unusual dreams at night. Three times in her sleep she cried out that Caesar was being murdered.

(b) What did Calpumia dream of?
Answer:
Calpumia dreamt of the murder of Caesar. She saw Caesar’s statue mn with blood like a fountain, while many Smiling Romans bathed their hands in it.

(c) In what mood does Calpumia speak to Caesar about the events of the night?
Answer:
Calpumia was frightened by the unnatural occurrences the night before and was very anxious about Caesar’s safety. She felt that these portents and omens signified that a major calamity would befall Caesar.

Question 4.
Caesar:
Nor heaven nor earth have been at peace to-night:
Thriee hath Calpumia in her sleep cried out,
‘Help, ho! they murder Caesar! ’
(Enter Calpumia)

Calpurnia:
What mean you, Caesar? think you to walk forth?
You shall not stir out of your house to-day.

(a) What happened at night to make Calpumia feel that Caesar was in danger?
Answer:
Calpumia was frightened by the unnatural occurrences the night before. She had dreamt of Caesar’s murder and his statue running blood at a hundred places. Moreover, the night watchman had seen strange sights. She felt that these occurrences were unnatural and predicted a dire calamity.

(b) What did she want Caesar to do?
Answer:
Calpumia wanted Caesar to stay at home and not go to the Senate.

(c) What decision does Caesar take? Why?
Answer:
Caesar decided to go but because according to him things which threaten him have never had the courage to look him in his face. They would vanish as soon as they saw him because of his power.

Question 5.
Calpurnia:
Caesar, I never stood on ceremonies,
Yet now they fright me. There is one within,
Besides the things that we have heard and seen,
Recounts most horrid sights seen by the watch.

(a) Narrate any two sights seen by the watchman.
Answer:
The watchman saw the graves opening and yielding the dead and saw ghosts wandering in the city.

(b) What does this tell you about Calpumia’s character?
Answer:
We come to know that Calpumia was superstitious and believed in omens and predictions.

(c) What is Caesar’s attitude towards the happenings of the night? What does this tell you about his character?
Answer:
Caesar dismissed the events of the night as natural occurrences. He did not believe that they were predictions of a dire calamity. He was not superstitious.

Question 6.
Calpurnia:
Caesar, I never stood on ceremonies,
Yet now they fright me. There is one within,
Besides the things that we have heard and seen,
Recounts most horrid sights seen by the watch.

(a) Explain, ‘I never stood on ceremonies’.
Answer:
It means that she did not believe in omens and portents.

(b) Mention any two sights seen by the watch.
Answer:
The sights seen by the watch include a lioness whelping in the streets and graves opening and dead bodies lying around; warriors fighting upon the clouds, and their blood falling on the Capitol, horses neighing in fear, dying men groaning, ghosts shrieking about the streets. (Any two)

(c) How does Calpumia’s attitude towards the strange occurrences of the night differ from Caesar’s?
Answer:
While Calpumia is frightened by the strange occurrences of the night and sees them as omens foretelling grave danger to Caesar, the latter is not afraid and regards them as natural occurings.

Question 7.
Calpurnia:
Alas, my lord,
Your wisdom is consumed in confidence.
Do not go forth to-day: call it my fear
That keeps you in the house, and not your own.
Let me, upon my knee, prevail in this.

Caesar: Mark Antony shall say I am not well,
And, for thy humour, I will stay at home.

(a) Where are Calpumia and Caesar at this moment?
Answer:
Calpumia and Caesar are at Caesar’s house at this moment.

(b) Why does Calpumia say, ‘Your wisdom is consumed in confidence’? When does she say this?
Answer:
Caesar was overconfident about his own abilities and therefore he disregarded his personal safety. Despite her entreaties, Caesar was determined to go to the senate.

(c) What is Caesar’s reaction to Calpumia’s fears? What does he decide?
Answer:
Caesar decided to stay at home for Calpumia’s sake and decided to send a message with Antony to the Senate saying that he was not well.

Question 8.
Caesar:
And you are come in very happy time,
To bear my greeting to the senators
And tell them that I will not come to-day:

Calpurnia: Say he is sick.
Caesar: Shall Caesar send a lie?
Have I in conquest stretch’d mine arm so far,
To be afraid to tell greybeards the truth?

(a) Where are the speakers? Who has come to meet Caesar?
Answer:
The speakers are at Caesar’s house. Decius Brutus has come to meet Caesar.

(b) What message does Caesar wish to send? To whom?
Answer:
Caesar wishes to send a message to the senators saying he will not go to the Senate.

(c) Who are the ‘greybeards’? Why is Caesar not afraid of them?
Answer:
Caesar contemptuously calls the senators old men or ‘greybeards’. He is not afraid of them because he is a mighty conqueror.

Question 9.
Decius Brutus:
Most mighty Caesar, let me know some cause,
Lest I be laugh’d at when I tell them so.

Caesar:
Calpumia here, my wife, stays me at home:
She dreamt to-night she saw my statue,
Which, like a fountain with an hundred spouts,
Did ran pure blood: and many lusty Romans Came smiling, and did bathe their hands in it

(a) What did Calpumia dream?
Answer:
Calpumia dreamt of the murder of Caesar. She saw Caesar’s statue ran with blood, while Romans bathed their hands in it.

(b) How did she interpret the dream?
Answer:
Calpumia interpreted the dream to mean that Caesar was in danger.

(c) How did Decius interpret the dream?
Answer:
According to Decius, the dream signified that Rome would revive by drawing blood from Caesar. Great men would come to obtain tinctures, relics and other tokens of remembrance from him. Caesar would prove to be a source of inspiration for Rome and his achievements would be the source of renewed vitality for the country.

Question 10.
Decius Brutus:
I have, when you have heard what I can say:
And know it now: the senate have concluded
To give this day a crown to mighty Caesar.
If you shall send them word you will not come,
Their minds may change.

Caesar:
How foolish do your fears seem now, Calpumia!
I am ashamed I did yield to them.

(a) What argument does Decius put forth to convince Caesar to go to the Senate?
Answer:
Decius tells Caesar that the Senate decided to offer a crown to him that day, and if he does not attend the meeting, they may change their minds.

(b) How does Caesar react to Decius’s words?
Answer:
Caesar dismisses Calpumia’s fears as being foolish and prepares to go to the Senate.

(c) Mention two qualities of Caesar shown by his action.
Answer:
The qualities that are shown by his actions are that Caesar is ambitious, he disregards personal safety and he is not a good judge of character.

Question 11.
Caesar:
I must prevent thee, Cimber.
These couchings and these lowly courtesies
Might fire the blood of ordinary men,
And turn pre-ordinance and first decree Into the law of children.
Thy brother by decree is banished:
If thou dost bend and pray and fawn for him,
I spurn thee like a cur out of my way.

(a) What petition did Metellus Cimber present to Caesar? Why?
Answer:
Metellus Cimber gave. Caesar a petition requesting him to recall his brother, Publius, who had been banished from Rome. The conspirators knew Caesar would not accede to their request and they wished to use it as an excuse to assassinate him.

(b) Give two of the arguments given by Caesar to reject the petition.
Answer:
Caesar said that Publius Cimber had been banished by law and Caesar would not turn the law into child’s play by breaking it. Moreover, Caesar would not be satisfied without a just reason as to why Publius was to be recalled.

Question 12.
Caesar:
But I am constant as the northern star,
Of whose true-fix’d and resting quality
There is no fellow in the firmament.
I was constant Cimber should be banish’d,
And constant do remain to keep him so.

(a) What is the ‘northern star’?
Answer:
The northern star is the pole star.

(b) Why does Caesar compare himself to the ‘northern star’? What is the occasion?
Answer:
Caesar compares himself to the ‘northern star’ because he is unchangeable and unmoved. He does not change his mind and remains unshakeable. The conspirators want him to recall Publius Cimber.

(c) State the comparison made by Caesar between the firmament and the world of men.
Answer:
Caesar compares the firmament and the world of men saying that the sky was decorated with innumerable stars, all shining brightly but there was only one among them which did not move—the pole star.Similarly, in the world of men there were many men who are strong and intelligent but there was only one who did not change his mind and that was Caesar.

Question 13.
Antony:
O mighty Caesar! dost thou lie so low?
Are all thy conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils,
Shrunk to this little measure? Fare thee well.
I know not, gentlemen, what you intend,
Who else must be let blood, who else is rank

(a) Where does the mighty Caesar lie? What is meant by ‘this little measure’?
Answer:
The mighty Caesar lay on the ground at the foot of Pompey’s statue. ‘This little measure’ means this small piece of land.

(b) Who are the gentlemen Antony addresses?
Answer:
The gentlemen whom Antony addresses are the conspirators standing next to Caesar’s body.

(c) Give the meaning of ‘Who else must be let blood, who else is rank?’ Why does Antony say this?
Answer:
It means who is the person to be killed next? Antony wanted to know the intentions of the conspirators towards him and so he said this.

Question 14.
Antony:
If I myself, there is no hour so fit
As Caesar’s death hour, nor no instrument
Of half that worth as those your swords, made rich
With the most noble blood of all this world.

(a) Where is Antony at the present moment? Who is he talking to?
Answer:
Antony is standing next to Caesar’s dead body at the Capitol. He is talking to the conspirators.

(b) Why does Antony declare his willingness to die?
Answer:
Antony feels that if he has to be killed, then there is no time more opportune than the present as it is Caesar’s death hour and no weapon more suitable than the swords of the conspirators, which have been enriched by Caesar’s blood.

(c) How does Brutus respond to Antony’s request?
Answer:
Brutus says that though the spectacle of Caesar’s assassination may appear bloody, the conspirators had no intention of killing Antony. They had killed Caesar only for the general welfare of the Romans.

Question 15.
Antony:
I do beseech ye, if you bear me hard,
Now, whilst your pUrpled hands do reek and smoke,
Fulfil your pleasure. Live a thousand years,
I shall not find myself so apt to die:
No place will please me so, no mean of death,
As here by Caesar, and by you cut off,
The choice and master spirits of this age.

(a) Whom does Antony refer to as ‘The choice and master spirits of this age’?
Answer:
Antony refers to the conspirators as ‘The choice and master spirits of this age.’

(b) Explain ‘bear me hard.’ Which pleasure does Antony tell this conspirators to fulfil?
Answer:
‘Bear me hard’ means the conspirators’ ill-will towards Antony. He tells them to kill him if it pleases them.

(c) How does Antony’s speech refer to Caesar? What does this show about his feelings towards Caesar?
Answer:
Antony calls Caesar ‘the most noble blood of all this world.’ He has a high opinion of Caesar and holds him in great regard.

Question 16.
Antony:
My credit now stands on such slippery ground,
That one of two bad ways you must conceit me,
Either a coward or a flatterer.
That I did love thee, Caesar, O, ’tis true:

(a) When and to whom does Antony speak these words?
Answer:
Antony speaks these words to the conspirators after Caesar’s assassination.

(b) What is meant by the word ‘credit’? Why does Antony’s credit stand on slippery ground?
Answer:
The word ‘credit’ refers to reputation. Antony’s reputation stands on unsteady ground as he was Caesar’s friend and he was shaking hands with his murderers.

(c) What does Antony think the conspirators would regard him as? What effect do these words have on the listeners?
Answer:
Antony thinks that the conspirators would regard him as a coward or a flatterer. Cassius is taken aback by Antony’s direct speech. He asks Antony if they may consider him a friend or a foe.

Question 17.
Antony:
My credit now stands on such slippery ground,
That one of two bad ways you must conceit me,
Either a coward or a flatterer.
That I did love thee, Caesar, O, ’tis true:

(a) Explain: ‘ conceit. ’ Why would the conspirators regard Antony as a coward or a flatterer?
Answer:
Conceit means an idea or a notion. The others would have formed an idea of him as a coward or a flatterer because he was shaking hands with the people who killed his friend.

(b) How is Antony both a coward and a flatterer?
Answer:
Antony is a coward because he did not rebel against or oppose the conspirators. He is a flatterer as he praised the conspirators instead of avenging his friend’s death.

(c) Why has Antony come to make peace with Caesar’s murderers?
Answer:
Antony wants to avenge Caesar’s death and knows he can turn Romans against the conspirators if he is given an opportunity to speak to them.

Question 18.
Antony:
And am moreover suitor that I may
Produce his body to the market-place;
And in the pulpit, as becomes a friend,
Speak in the order of his funeral.

(a) What request does Antony make of the conspirators?
Answer:
Antony requests the conspirators to allow him to take Caesar’s body to the marketplace and to let him speak at Caesar’s funeral.

(b) How does Brutus react to Antony’s request?
Answer:
Brutus agrees to Antony’s request.

(c) Why does Cassius try to dissuade Brutus? What is the consequence of Brutus’mistake?
Answer:
Cassius tries to dissuade Brutus because he thinks that Antony will be able to stir the emotions of the people and turn them against the conspirators. Antony was able to stir the emotions of the people and turn the tide against the conspirators.

Question 19.
Antony: Pardon me, Caius Cassius:
The enemies of Caesar shall say this;
Then, in a friend, it is cold modesty.

Cassius:
I blame you not for praising Caesar so;
But what compact mean you to have with us?
Will you be prick’d in number of our friends;
Or shall we on, and not depend on you?

(a) What is the ‘this’ that Caesar’s enemies shall say?
Answer:
Caesar’s enemies would refer to him as noble.

(b) What does Cassius ask Antony?
Answer:
Cassius asks Antony if they should count him as one of their friends or should they carry on their way without depending on him for friendship or support.

(c) What was Cassius’s offer to Antony a little while earlier?
Answer:
Cassius had told Antony that his recommendations will be as strong as that of any of the conspirators while distributing the powers and benefits in the new government that will be set up after Caesar’s death.

Question 20.
Cassius: (Aside to Brutus)
You know not what you do: do not consent
That Antony speak in his funeral:
Know you how much the people may be moved
By that which he will utter?

(a) What has Brutus consented to?
Answer:
Brutus consented that Antony take Caesar’s body to the marketplace and as his friend speak at the funeral.

(b) What is Cassius’ fear?
Answer:
Cassius is afraid that Antony will be able to stir the emotions of the people and turn them against the conspirators.

(c) How does Brutus quieten Cassius’fears?
Answer:
Brutus replies that he will speak before Antony and explain to the public the reason for the conspirators’
deed, and then announce that Antony has been allowed to speak only with his consent. He believes that the people , will admire his magnanimity for allowing Antony, a friend of Caesar’s, to take part in the funeral, and that the episode will benefit the conspirators’ public image.

Question 21.
Antony:
And Caesar’s spirit, ranging for revenge,
With Ate by his side come hot from hell,
Shall in these confines with a monarch’s voice
Cry ‘Havoc,’ and let slip the dogs of war;
That this foul deed shall smell above the earth
With carrion men, groaning for burial.

(a) Why will Caesar’s spirit be ‘ranging for revenge’? Who will accompany him?
Answer:
Caesar’s spirit will be ranging for revenge as he was brutally murdered by the conspirators. He will be accompanied by Ate; the Roman goddess of mischief and revenge.

(b) What will be the effect of Caesar’s spirit roaming for revenge?
Answer:
The roaming of Caesar’s spirit will result in fierce civil war which would rage over all parts of the
kingdom as Caesar lets loose the horrors of war. Violence and murder would be frequent and terrible sights would be so common that mothers will smile when their children are killed.

(c) Which is the ‘foul deed’ being referred to?
Answer:
The ‘foul deed’ referred to is the murder of Caesar.

Question 22.
Brutus:
Be patient till the last.
Romans, countrymen, and lovers! Hear me for my cause, and be silent, that
you may hear: believe me for mine honour, and have respect to mine honour, that
you may believe: censure me in your wisdom, and awake your senses, that you may the better judge.

(a) Where is Brutus at the present moment? What is the occasion?
Answer:
Brutus is on a pulpit in the market place in Rome. The conspirators have just assassinated Caesar and Brutus is giving the Romans the reasons for the assassination.

(b) What is Brutus’s cause for killing Caesar?
Answer:
Brutus killed Caesar because he feared that Caesar would become a dictator.

(c) What error of judgement does Brutus make while delivering the speech?
Answer:
Brutus misjudges the Roman mob. He appeals to reason but the mob does not understand his logic. This is evident from the speech of the citizen who declares at the end of Brutus’s speech, “Let him be Caesar.”

Question 23.
Brutus:
Good countrymen, for my sake, stay here with Antony:
Do grace to Caesar’s corpse, and grace his speech
Tending to Caesar’s glories; which Mark Antony, 
By our permission, is allow’d to make.
I do entreat you, not a man depart,
Save I alone, till Antony have spoke.

(a) Why does Brutus depart alone? Explain ‘Do grace to Caesar’s corpse, and grace his speech.’
Answer:
Brutus departed alone because he wanted the citizens to stay back and listen to Antony’s speech in honour of Caesar. He wished them to pay respect and reverence to Caesar and listen to Antony’s speech.

(b) What reason did Brutus give for Caesar’s assassination? How did his listeners react to it?
Answer:
Brutus said that he killed Caesar because he was ambitious. His listeners did not understand his logic.

(c) Under what conditions did Antony obtain the permission to speak?
Answer:
Antony was given the permission to speak on the condition that he may speak as highly of Caesar as he wishes but he must tell the people that he did so with permission of the conspirators. He must also not speak any ill of the conspirators.

Question 24.
Antony:
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
The evil that men do lives after them;
The good is oft interred with their bones;
So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious:
If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
And grievously hath Caesar answer’d it.

(a) Explain ‘The good is oft interred with their bones.’
Answer:
The above line means that a man’s good qualities are forgotten soon after his death.

(b) Which two reasons does Antony give to prove that Caesar was not ambitious?
Answer:
Antony tells the mob that Caesar had brought many prisoners to Rome and the ransom obtained by him for the release of those prisoners filled the public treasury. This act of Caesar’s showed that he was not. ambitious. Furthermore, Caesar had wept whenever the poor people cried in distress. This showed that Caesar was not ambitious, as he wasn’t hard-hearted. Finally, Caesar refused the offer of a crown at the feast of Lupercal though Antony had thrice offered the crown to him. (any two)

Question 25.
Antony:
But yesterday the word of Caesar might

(a) How might Caesar’s word have stood against the world?
Answer:
Caesar was a mighty conqueror who conquered many lands. His power and glory had spread all over the world and his word was considered the law.

(b) Who are the people Antony does not wish to wrong? Whom does he choose to wrong instead?
Answer:
Antony does not wish to wrong the honourable Brutus and Cassius. He chooses to wrong the dead Caesar, himself and the common people of Rome.

(c) How can Antony wrong the conspirators?
Answer:
Antony can wrong the conspirators by stirring the mob to mutiny and anger.

Question 26.
Antony:
Let but the commons hear this testament
Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read
And they would go and kiss dead Caesar’s wounds And dip their napkins in his sacred blood,
Yea, beg a hair of him for memory,
And, dying, mention it within their wills,
Bequeathing it as a rich legacy
Unto their issue.

(a) What is the testament? Who are the ‘commons’?
Answer:
The testament is Caesar’s will. The ‘commons’ refer to the common people of Rome.

(b) What will the common people do if they hear the will?
Answer:
The common people would run to kiss the dead Caesar’s wounds and dip their handkerchiefs in Caesar’s blood and beg for a hair of Caesar to keep as a memento if they heard the will.

(c) What were the terms of Caesar’s will?
Answer:
Caesar had bequeathed a sum of 75 drachmas from his personal holdings to every man in Rome. Also, Caesar had made his private parks and gardens available for the people’s pleasure.

Question 27.
Antony:
If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
You all do know this mantle: I remember
The first time ever Caesar put it on;
’Twas on a summer’s evening, in his tent,
That day he overcame the Nervii:
Look, in this place ran Cassius’ dagger through:
See what a rent the envious Casca made:
Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabb’d;

(a) What is the significance of the mantle? Why does ‘unto me’ refer to it?
Answer:
Caesar had worn the mantle for the first time when he defeated the Nervii. The phrase ‘unto me’ reminds the listeners about Caesar’s greatness as a conqueror.

(b) Who were the Nervii?
Answer:
The Nervii were the most warlike of the Gallic tribes who were defeated by Caesar in 57 BCE.

(c) Why does Antony mention the conspirators? Why is Brutus’ stabbing of Caesar said to be ‘the most unkindest cut of all’?
Answer:
Antony mentioned the conspirators to remind the listeners that they had killed their beloved Caesar. Caesar loved Brutus dearly and Brutus had betrayed Caesar and hence was referred to as the ‘the most unkindest cut of all’.

Question  28.
Cassius:
You know not what you do: do not consent
That Antony speak in his funeral:
Know you how much the people may be moved
By that which he will utter?

(a) Who advises whom?
Answer:
Cassius advises Brutus.

(b) Whose ‘funeral’ is referred to?
Answer:
Cassius is referring to Caesar’s funeral.

(c) What light do these words throw on the character of the speaker?
Answer:
The speaker Cassius, is a good judge of character.

Here we are providing The Dear Departed Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature Reader, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

The Dear Departed Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature

The Dear Departed Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Question 1.
“Good gracious, that’s never them.” What does Amelia mean?
Answer:
Amelia’s father Abel Merryweather, who stays with her, has died. She wants to take a few things that belong to him for herself before her sister arrives. So she is worried that they may have come already.

Question 2.
How did Mrs Slater plan to outshine the Jordans? What does it reveal about her character?
Answer:
Mrs Slater is dressed in black, but is not in complete mourning. She has got her husband to wear a black tailcoat, grey trousers, a black tie and a bowler hat. Victoria, her daughter, is wearing a white frock with a black sash. She feels she will outshine the Jordans as Ben and Elizabeth will not yet have thought about mourning.

Question 3.
Why does Mrs Slater decide to shift the bureau from grandfather’s room before the arrival of the Jordans? How does Henry react to the suggestion?
Answer:
Mrs Slater always wanted to have the bureau after grandfather died. She feels she can easily take it before . her sister arrives as it has been bought recently and her sister doesn’t know of it. She says if she leaves it in grandfather’s room, her sister will drive a hard bargain. Henry feels it is not sensitive or becoming to do that.

Question 4.
“I suppose it’s in the family.” What does Henry mean by that?
Answer:
Amelia calls her sister Elizabeth heartless and insensitive. She also feels that as Elizabeth is selfish and greedy, she will soon arrive for her share of grandfather’s property. Henry implies that both the sisters are similar in nature.

Question 5.
“You must arrange with Elizabeth when you’re dividing things up.” What does this reveal of Henry’s character?
Answer:
This shows that Henry is fair. He does not want to cheat Elizabeth out of her fair share by grabbing things for himself. He feels it should be decided who is to take what, after Elizabeth arrives.

Question 6.
Why wouldn’t Henry care to bring the bureau downstairs?
Answer:
Henry feels it is not delicate or sensitive to bring the bureau down. Abel Merryweather has just died and instead of mourning him, they were trying to grab his things?Moreover, he feels that it should be decided who is to take what, after Elizabeth arrives.

Question 7.
“Elizabeth could have that and welcome.” What does Amelia mean by that?
Answer:
Amelia plans to bring grandfather’s new bureau downstairs and put their own chest of drawers in grandfather’s room. This way Elizabeth will look upon it as her father’s property and lay claim to it. Amelia doesn’t mind letting go of it as it is old and shabby and she had always wanted to get rid of it.

Question 8.
What does Henry tell Victoria when she asks if they are pinching grandfather’s bureau?
Why does Henry want to hide the truth from Victoria? How does Mrs Slater handle the same situation?
Answer:
Henry tells Victoria that Grandpa had given it to her mother before he died. He does not want the sensitive young child to think poorly of her parents. So he wishes to hide the truth from her. On the other hand, Mrs Slater who is practical and brusque, tells Victoria to be quiet and not tell her aunt about it.

Question 9.
“I thought I’d fetch this down as well.” What does Mrs Slater bring down? What does ‘as well’ mean in this context?
Answer:
Mrs Slater brought grandfather’s clock downstairs along with his bureau. In this context, ‘as well’ refers to the clock in addition to the bureau.

Question 10.
What is the reason for the Jordans taking a long time to get to the house of the Slaters? What does it show about the two sisters’ attitude towards each other?
Answer:
The Jordans came late because they bought new mourning clothes and dressed up in them before reaching the Slaters’ residence. This shows that both the sisters were trying to get the better of each other all the time.

Question 11.
What does Mrs Jordan describe as ‘a fatal mistake’? What is the irony in the comment she makes on Mrs Slater’s defense?
Answer:
Mrs Jordan calls not calling in a doctor to see grandfather ‘a fatal mistake’ as the doctor may have saved Abel Merryweather’s life. It turns out that Abel Merryweather was alive. He realized his daughters were selfish and greedy and he decides to change his will.

Question 12.
“Your father wasn’t drowned, Elizabeth.” Why does Henry say this?
Answer:
Elizabeth wanted to know why the Slaters had not called in a doctor to see their father when he was supposedly gone. She added that at times people who have been presumed dead were revived by doctors.
Henry tells her that such incidents have occurred only with people who drowned. Therefore, he states that Abel Merryweather had not died of drowning.

Question 13.
“If there was one thing he couldn’t bear it was water.” What does Ben mean by this joke? Whom is he talking about?
Answer:
Ben is talking about his father-in-law, Abel Merryweather. He implies that Abel did not wash as often as he should have and that he drank a lot. He did not drink water.

Question 14.
Ben appreciates grandfather saying “its’ a good thing he did.” Later he calls him a “drunken old beggar.” Why does he change his opinion about grandfather?
Answer:
Ben praises Abel Merryweather when he thinks that the old man has paid his insurance premium that morning and they will inherit his insurance money. But when Victoria Slater tells them that grandfather had not gone to pay the insurance premium that morning but had gone with his friend to the Ring-o’-Bells for drinks, Ben is angry and calls him a drunken old beggar as the insurance policy may have lapsed and there may be no money for them.

Question 15.
What amazing news does Victoria bring as she comes downstairs?
Answer:
Victoria brings the news that her grandfather was getting up and that she had seen him do so.

Question 16.
What makes grandfather ask, “What’s the matter with little Vicky?”
Answer:
As soon as Vicky saw grandfather get up, she was terrified and ran down. Abel Merryweather was puzzled to see his granddaughter run away from him in fear. That is why he asked that.

Question 17.
Why is Mrs Jordan disconcerted when Mrs Slater brings ir^the topic of the gold watch?
Answer:
Mrs Jordan claimed that grandfather had promised his gold watch to her son, Jimmy. She was disconcerted when Mrs Slater brings in the topic of the gold watch because she knew her lie would be out.

Question 18.
How does the truth about the bureau come out?
Answer:
Grandfather, talking about his condition, says he had been in a daze and not asleep. At that point, he recollects Amelia and Henry had come to his room and shifted his bureau out.

Question 19.
How does Amelia get even with her sister?
Answer:
When Elizabeth tries to convince her father to go and live with her, she tells Abel that she and her sister had quarrelled because Elizabeth had said she wouldn’t take him off their hands at any price. She adds that Elizabeth had said she had enough of him to last a lifetime, and the Slaters would have to keep him.

Question 20.
What change does Abel Merryweather plan to make in his new will? What effect does it have on his daughters?
Answer:
Abel Merryweather said that he will change his will, stating that his money and his bits of things would go to whomever he was living with when he died. His daughters at once began to fight as each wanted to keep him with her, while earlier they had fought over not wanting to keep him.

Question 21.
What were the three things grandfather planned to do on Monday next?
Answer:
On Monday next, grandfather planned to do three things. He planned to go to the lawyer’s and alter his will leaving all he had to the person he was staying with, at the time of his death. He also planned to go to the insurance office and pay his premium. The third thing was to go to St Philip’s Church and get married to Mrs John Shorrocks.

Question 22.
In what way is the play The Dear Departed a satirical comment on the nature of human beings?
Answer:
The play brings out the greed and selfishness of people for whom money is more important than relationships. They are more interested in what they will inherit and try to grab the lion’s share.

The Dear Departed Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Bring out the irony in the title of the play.
Answer:
The title The Dear Departed refers to the death of a loved one but Abel Merryweather is neither dearly loved nor departed. The daughters do not mourn his death. They wanted to grab whatever belongings they can after his death. He was not dead but merely drunk.

Question 2.
Write a character sketch of Mrs Slater.
Answer:
Mrs Slater is greedy and wants to take some of grandfather’s things she likes before her sister arrives. She is overbearing and gets the reluctant Henry to help her shift the bureau and also put on grandfather’s slippers. She is straight talking, rude and impolite to her sister. She lacks feelings and hurts grandfather by telling him that Elizabeth did not wish to keep him.

Question 3.
Write a character sketch of Mrs Jordan.
Answer:
Mrs Jordan is greedy and arrives to take her share of grandfather’s things though she had vowed never to enter the house. She is bothered by appearances and comes dressed in new mourning. She is overbearing and dominates Ben. She is rude and impolite to her sister and lacks feelings and hurts grandfather by telling him that Amelia had started stealing soon as she had realised he was no more.

Question 4.
How does the spat between his daughters lead to grandfather discovering the truth?
Answer:
He hears about the spat between his daughters when he gets up. Elizabeth shows him the bureau and the clock grabbed by Amelia. Amelia talks about the gold watch supposedly promised to Jimmy. He realises the truth behind the fight. He knows that Amelia wanted to get rid of him two years ago and Elizabeth didn’t want him either.

Question 5.
Compare and contrast Henry’s character with that of his wife. Support your answer with evidences from the play.
Answer:
She is greedy and wants to take some of grandfather’s things she likes before her sister arrives. She is overbearing and gets the reluctant Henry to help her shift the bureau and also put on grandfather’s slippers. She is straight talking, while Henry tells Victoria that grandfather had promised the bureau to them, she just tells Victoria to be quiet and not tell her aunt. She is rude and impolite to her sister and lacks feelings. She hurts grandfather by telling him that Elizabeth did not wish to keep him.

Henry is sensitive and does not wish to take the slippers or the bureau. He has a weaker character and allows himself to be dominated by Amelia. He is evasive and hides from the ugly truth. He tells Victoria that grandfather had promised them the bureau.

Question 6.
In the play the two daughters do not seem to be concerned at their father’s death. Do you think it is proper? If not, why?
(Encourage students to think creatively and formulate their own answers.)

Question 7.
How are the two sisters exposed in the play The Dear Departed?
Answer:
They are portrayed as greedy. Amelia is after the bureau and the clock and Elizabeth wants the gold watch. But since grandfather is alive, the truth behind the spat comes out.

Question 8.
Narrate the story of The Dear Departed from the point of view of Abel Merryweather.
Answer:
I went out to the pub and came home and fell asleep. Due to the sudden turn, I couldn’t move or speak. I saw Amelia and Henry come in my room and take the bureau but I couldn’t stop them or ask them why they were doing that. I heard voices and tried to get up but little Vicky came in, saw me and got frightened. Downstairs my daughters and sons-in-law presumed that I was dead and started grabbing my things. I am going to get married and shift out soon, as I do not want to stay with such greedy people.

Question 9.
Victoria in The Dear Departed is very upset by the behaviour of her parents. She expresses her feelings in a diary entry. As Victoria, write the diary entry.
Answer:
My grandfather is dead. The greed shown by my parents as well as by my aunt and uncle under the circumstances is appalling. Each one is more interested in benefits derived from this situation rather than grieving over their father and I am completely saddened by their attitudes.

Question 10.
In what way is the play The Dear Departed a satirical comment on the nature of human beings?
Answer:
In The Dear Departed, the playwright William Stanley Houghton highlights the degradation of moral values and the weakening relationships between the members of the family. He brings out the greed and selfishness of people for whom money is more important than relationships. The drama depicts how present generation is reacting towards the elders. They are more interested in what they will inherit and try to grab the lion’s share.

The Dear Departed Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
“She’ll come fast enough after her share of what grandfather’s left. You know how hard she can be when she likes. Where she gets it from I can’t tell.”

(a) Who speaks these words and about whom?
(i) Mrs Slater about Victoria
(ii) Victoria about Mrs Jordan
(iii) Mrs Jordan about Mrs Slater
(iv) Mrs Slater about Mrs Jordan

(b) The speaker implies that ‘she’ is:
(i) cruel.
(ii) selfish.
(iii) generous.
(iv) loving.

(c) The literary device used in the above lines is:
(i) irony.
(ii) personification.
(iii) alliteration.
(iv) metaphor.

Question 2.
“Are we pinching it before Aunt Elizabeth comes?”

(a) What does ‘it’ refer to here?
Answer:
It refers to the bureau belonging to Abel Merry weather.

(b) How does Vicky conclude that her parents are ‘pinching it’?
Answer:
Vicky concludes her parents are pinching it because it belonged to grandfather and they are taking it without permission after his death.

(c) Mention the two realsons that Mrs Slater gives for her action.
Answer:
Mrs Slater says that she has always wanted it and if her sister Elizabeth were to see it, she would drive a hard bargain over it.

(d) What does it reveal about the difference between the attitude of the elders and that of Vicky?
Answer:
The elders are out for what they can get while Victoria has more of a sense of what is right.

Question 3.
“Be off now, and change your dress before your Aunt Elizabeth and your Uncle Ben come. It would never do for them to find you in colours.”

(a) Who says these words aind to whom?
Answer:
These words are spoken by Amelia Slater to her daughter Victoria.

(b) Why does she disapprove of the listener being in colours?
Answer:
Abel Merryweather, Amelia’s father, has died and so they should be in mourning and not wearing colours.

(c) Bring out the irony in the above statement.
Answer:
Victoria, the one in colours, is actually the only one who is mourning her grandfather’s death. Herein lies the irony.

Question 4.
“I’m wondering if they’ll come at all. When you and Elizabeth quarrelled she said she’d never set foot in your house again.”

(a) Where will ‘she’ not come?
Answer:
‘She’, that is, Elizabeth, was not expected to come to Amelia and Henry’s house.

(b) Why will she not come?
Answer:
Elizabeth was not expected to come because the two sisters had a quarrel.

(c) Why, according to the listener, will she come?
Answer:
Elizabeth would come to claim her share of what their father had left behind, in the opinion of the listener.

Question 5.
“You know how hard she can be when she likes. Where she gets it from I can’t tell.”

(a) Who says this and about whom?
Answer:
Amelia says this about her sister Elizabeth.

(b) Why does the speaker call her hard?
Answer:
Amelia says that Elizabeth will want her share of grandfather’s property and she will not compromise. She will drive a hard bargain because she is seeking to obtain money at every opportunity.

(c) Bring out the irony in the statement ‘Where she gets it from I can’t tell’?
Answer:
The irony in the statement is that even Amelia is hard and greedy like her sister Elizabeth.

Question 6.
They’ll stretch, won’t they? I’m not going to have them wasted.

(a) What is ‘they’?
Answer:
‘They’ refers to Abel Merry weather’s slippers.

(b) What does she want the listener to do? Why?
Answer:
Amelia wants Henry to wear those slippers as they are new and his own slippers are old and worn out.

(c) Why does she say ‘they’ will stretch?
Answer:
The slippers are small for Henry. Amelia says they will stretch once he starts wearing them.

Question 7.
Now, Amelia, you mustn’t give way. We’ve all got to die some time or other. It might have been worse.

(a) Who is the speaker of these lines?
Answer:
The speaker of these lines is Ben Jordan.

(b) What prompts the speaker to say these words?
Answer:
Amelia is giving way to her grief at Abel Merryweather’s death. This prompts Ben to say these words.

(c) What does he mean when he says ‘It might have been worse’?
Answer:
Ben means that it could have been one of them who had died instead of Abel Merryweather.

(d) What does it reveal about the speaker’s character?
Answer:
It shows his callousness at the death of Abel Merryweather.

Question 8.
BEN: You should have gone for another. Eh, Eliza?
MRS JORDAN: Oh, yes. It’s a fatal mistake.

(a) What does Ben mean by ‘another’?
Answer:
Ben means another doctor as Dr Pringle, Abel Merryweather’s doctor was unavailable.

(b) Why does Mrs Jordan call it a fatal mistake?
Answer:
Mrs Jordan calls it a fatal mistake because she feels a doctor may have saved Abel Merryweather’s life.

Question 9.
“He always was thoughtful in that way. He was too honourable to have ‘gone’ without paying his premium.”

(a) Where is Abel Merryweather supposed to have gone that morning?
Answer:
Abel Merryweather was supposed to pay the premium on his insurance.

(b) Why is he said to be thoughtful?
Answer:
Abel Merryweather is said to be thoughtful since he paid the premium so that the two daughters, Amelia and Elizabeth, would get the insurance money.

(c) Bring out the irony in the above statement?
Answer:
Abel Merryweather had not gone to pay the premium on his insurance but to the pub for a drink.

Question 10.
“I don’t call that delicate, stepping into a dead man’s shoes in such haste.”

(a) Who makes this comment?
Answer:
Mrs Jordan makes this comment.

(b) What prompts the speaker to say this?
Answer:
The speaker is prompted to say this when she sees Henry Slater wearing Abel Merryweather’s slippers.

(c) Bring out the significance of this statement.
Answer:
The Slaters and Jordans have started dividing Abel Merryweather’s things among themselves as soon as they presume him to be dead. Herein lies the irony as both the daughters are acting in the same greedy manner.

Question 11.
“And you, too. Are you such a poor creature that you must do every dirty thing she tells you?”

(a) Who is the ‘poor creature’?
Answer:
Henry Slater is the ‘poor creature’.

(b) Why is he being called a ‘poor creature’?
Answer:
Henry is called a ‘poor creature’ since he does not stand up to his wife and does everythinglthat she tells him to do.

(c) What dirty deed had he done at her bidding?
Answer:
At her bidding, Henry had shifted his father-in-law’s bureau and clock to their room in order to keep it to themselves.

Here we are providing Snake Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature Reader, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

Snake Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature

Snake Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Imagine that you are the narrator and have seen the snake at the water trough today. Write a diary entry about how you feel after having thrown the stick at the creature.
Answer:
11 June 20xx
I am very upset that I hit a snake for no reason. I saw it at the water trough. It had come to drink water as it was a hot day. I-stood there fascinated and waited for it to go. It was a beautiful creature and it looked harmless. I think that other creatures also have a right on natural resources like water. But once the snake turned to go, I hit at its tail with piece of fallen bough. I am so ashamed at the act. It was so thoughtless and unnecessary. I felt like the Ancient Mariner. I wondered if my action was as a result of self-preservation or is it human nature?

Question 2.
The narrator’s friend comes to know about the encounter with the snake. Write a letter from the friend to the narrator, asking for more details and advising him about how to protect himself against snakes.
Answer:
11 June20xx
XYZ
Dear DH
I read your letter and I cannot imagine having a snake for a guest. But I did not understand that after admiring the creature, what was the need to hit it? What I can conclude after my observation is that man is selfish and cannot live in harmony with other creatures. Whereas animals only attack when threatened, man attacks without reason. I agree that human nature and the need for self-preservation is responsible for this act. Man must leam to live in harmony with other creations of God.
Yours Affectionately
PQR

Question 3.
Imagine you are the water-trough. Write a description of what you saw on the day described in the poem.
Answer:
Today, it is very hot as it is a typical Sicilian summer day. All creatures are affected by this heat. I saw a snake come out of a fissure in the wall. It was drinking water collected near the tap. I also saw a man approach and wait for the snake to finish drinking water. I felt happy that he did not try to harm the snake.

The snake was relaxed in its movements and was moving slowly. The man waited patiently. But suddenly, when the snake started disappearing into the fissure in the wall, the man picked up a stick and threw it at the snake. The snake was surprised and it hurried off and disappeared soon, as it was upset. Why does Man think that he owns the world and no one else have the right to use natural resources?

Question 4.
The snake goes back into his hole and tells his family and friends about how he was attacked by a cruel human. The newspaper ‘Snake Times’ carries an article entitled, ‘Never Trust Humans’. Write the article.
Answer:
NEVER TRUST HUMANS
It has been reported that a snake was attacked by a human. The snake had stopped to drink water near human habitation on a very hot day, as it had found water in a small clearing. While drinking, the snake saw a man staring at him but the mail, seemed harmless, so it continued drinking. But when it turned its back, it felt something aimed at its back, most probably the man had attacked it with something. All snakes are warned against going near humans. They are the most unpredictable creatures and keeping a safe distance from them would be the best policy.

Question 5.
The narrator’s friend is a newspaper reporter. He writes an article about the incident, highlighting the battle between natural instincts and the effect of education on the way we approach the natural world.
Answer:
MAN VERSUS NATURE
By Staff reporter
Recently my friend reported an encounter with a snake. The snake was harmless and had come to drink water. It did not attack or even look remotely dangerous. There was no need to feel fearful but my friend attacked the snake because he believed that the snake was poisonous. I found his reasoning quite strange. Do creatures other than man have no place on this earth? If so why were they created? Why is man so selfish and his main work seems to be just hunting down animals? Why can’t he live peacefully as God wanted him to? Does he always have to show his superiority? This is a question all of us have to answer.

Question 6.
Discuss the theme of the poem Snake.
Answer:
The poet wanted to convey the message that most animals have- harmless attitude and human beings must have patience while dealing with them. He regrets his decision of being inhospitable towards the snake. The value that can be derived from this is that man and animal must coexist in peace and harmony.

Snake Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Question 1.
A snake came to my water-trough
On a hot, hot day, and I in pyjamas for the heat,
To drink there.
In the deep, strange-scented shade of a great dark Carob tree.

(a) Who was the visitor the narrator is referring to?
Answer:
The visitor was the snake.

(b) Why is the narrator in pyjamas?
Answer:
The narrator was in pyjamas because it was quite hot.

(c) What is a Carob tree?
Answer:
It is a tree found in the Mediterranean region.

Question 2.
I came down the steps with my pitcher
And must wait, must stand and wait, For there was at the tough before me

(a) Why did the narrator come down the steps?
Answer:
The narrator wanted to fill the pitcher with water to drink.

(b) Why did he have to wait before filling water?
Answer:
He had to wait as there was a snake at the water trough drinking water.

(c) How did the narrator react to the snake?
Answer:
At first he admired it, but when it turned its back, he hit it with a stick.

Question 3.
He reached down from the fissure in the earth-wall in the gloom
And trailed his yellow-brown slackness soft bellied down, over the edge of the stone trough

(a) Who does ‘he’ refer to?
Answer:
‘He’ refers to the snake.

(b) Where had it come from?
Answer:
The snake had come from a hole in the earth wall.

(c) Describe the creature as depicted in these lines.
Answer:
It was yellow-brown in colour, with a soft, slack body.

Question 4.
He sipped with his straight mouth
Softly drank through his straight gums, into his slack, long body,

(a) What is being described in these lines?
Answer:
The manner in which the snake was drinking water is being described here.

(b) What is the attitude of the narrator?
Answer:
The narrator is respectful, admiring the snake and waiting for his turn at the water trough.

(c) How does his attitude change in the end?
Answer:
In the end he hits the snake with a stick.

Question 5.
He lifted his head from his drinking as cattle do,
And looked at me vaguely as drinking cattle do,
And flickered his two formed tongue from his lips and mused a moment

(a) Pick out the poetic device in the first line.
Answer:
A simile is used in the first line.

(b) Why has the narrator compared the snake to cattle?
Answer:
The narrator does so because at that time, the snake appeared as harmless as cattle.

(c) Pick put the word which tells us that the snake was not aware of the narrator’s presence.
Answer:
The word ‘vaguely’ indicates that the snake was not aware of the narrator’s presence.

Question 6.
The voice of my education said to me
He must be killed
For in Sicily the black, black snakes are innocent, the gold are venomous.

(a) Where does the narrator see the snake?
Answer:
The narrator sees it in the water trough.

(b) Why does he want to kill it?
Answer:
The narrator wants to kill it because it was a golden-brown snake and hence poisonous.

(c) What had the ‘voice of education’ taught him?
Answer:
It had taught him that snakes were poisonous creatures and had to be killed.

Question 7.
But must I confess how I liked him
How glad I was that he had come here like a guest in quiet, to drink at my water trough

(a) What is the narrator referring to in these lines?
Answer:
The narrator is referring to a snake which had come to his trough to drink water.

(b) What was the paradox as expressed in these lines?
Answer:
Though the narrator felt that the snake which had come to drink water at his trough was poisonous and should be killed, he felt he was like a guest and should not tTd killed.

(c) How did the narrator resolve the problem?
Answer:
The narrator threw a stick at the retreating back of the snake.

Question 8.
And as he put his head into that dreadful hole
And as he slowly drew up, snake-easing his shoulders, and entered further,
A sort of horror, a sort of protest against his withdrawing into that horrid black hole
Deliberately going into the blackness, and slowly drawing himself after
Overcame me now his back was turned.

(a) Where is the snake going?
Answer:
The snake was going into the hole.

(b) What are the conflicting views that the narrator has as he watches the snake?
Answer:
The narrator at first felt honoured, then wondered whether he should kill it because it was poisonous and finally he hit the snake’s retreating back.

Question 9.
And looked around like a god, unseeing into the air.

(a) What is the poetic device used in this line?
Answer:
The poetic device used is a simile.

(b) Who is being compared to a god?
Answer:
The snake is being compared to a God.

(c) What does the phrase ‘unseeing into the air’ tell us about it?
Answer:
The snake is relaxed and not focussing on anything in particular.

Question 10.
But suddenly that part of him that was left behind convulsed in undignified haste

(a) Who does ‘him’ refer to?
Answer:
‘Him’ refers to the snake.

(b) Why did it convulse in undignified haste?
Answer:
The snake reacted because it sensed danger after being attacked by a stick thrown by the narrator.

(c) How is the movement different from his earlier behaviour?
Answer:
Earlier, the snake was relaxed and moving slowly and lazily without any fear.

Question 11.
And immediately I regretted it

(a) What did the narrator regret?
Answer:
The narrator regretted hitting the snake with a stick.

(b) Why did he feel so?
Answer:
The narrator felt regretful because he had hit the snake without any reason.

(c) How did he feel?
Answer:
The narrator felt guilty and remorseful.

Question 12.
And I thought of the albatross
And I wished he would come back, my snake.

(a) What made the narrator think of the albatross?
Answer:
The narrator’s action of hitting the snake without any reason, and a fear of the repercussions he might have to face as a result of his act, made the narrator think about the albatross.

(b) Why was he reminded of the albatross? What does this refer to?
Answer:
It refers to the bird mentioned in the poem Rime of the Ancient Mariner where an albatross was killed by a mariner without any reason.

(c) Why did he want it to return?
Answer:
The narrator wanted to ask for forgiveness and atone for his sins.

Here we are providing The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature Reader, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Describe the Ancient Mariner.
Answer:
The mariner is old and thin with skinny hands, grey beard and glittering eyes. With the power of his eyes, he could hold the wedding guests mesmerised. The Wedding Guest could hear the noise of the wedding festivities and is the bridegroom’s closest relative. The Ancient Mariner has him captivated and is telling him the story.

Question 2.
What is the relationship between the guest and the Mariner in the beginning?
Answer:
The Mariner stops one of the wedding guests and wants to tell him his story. He confesses to the sin of killing an albatross. The guest is impatient and can hear the noise of the wedding festivities and is the bridegroom’s closest relative. But Ancient Mariner has him captivated with the power of his glittering eyes. The guest resents this and exults – “Hold off! unhand me, grey-beard loon!” He is transfixed by the Ancient Mariner’s ‘glittering eye’ and can do nothing but sit on a stone and listen to his strange tale.

Question 3.
How does the Mariner stop ‘one of three’?
Answer:
The mariner sees three guests going to a wedding and stops one. He holds one of them with his hand.
The wedding guest resents this intrusion but he is transfixed by-the Ancient Mariner’s ‘glittering eye’ and powerless to resist, he sits on a stone like a three year child, and listens to the story and gets involved with story. He asks the mariner this question—“God save thee, ancient Mariner! … Why look’ st thou so?”

Question 4.
Why do the mariners hail the bird as a ‘Christian soul’?
Answer:
The crew on the ship is alone at sea surrounded by a land of mist, by drifts and snowy cliffs and can see neither beasts nor men. Ice is all around them. Suddenly the albatross appears and they see the first sign of life in a desolate area. It is a friendly bird and comes to eat and play with them.

Question 5.
How does the bird relate to the mariners?
Answer:
The friendly bird comes to eat and play with the crew on the ship and responds to the mariners’ ‘hollo’. It flies around and travels with them for nine days and sits on mast and sails of the ship.

Question 6.
Why does the Mariner shoot the albatross?
Answer:
The friendly bird comes to eat and play with the crew but the Mariner takes a crossbow and shoots it. It is not a premeditated act but an impulsive one. Maybe he was weary of its hovering presence and had nothing to do.

Question 7.
Why do the mariners change their minds about the value of the bird?
Answer:
The albatross represents goodness and acts as a saviour to the ship’s crew as it brings a south wind which guides the ship out of the Polar regions. The crew are initially outraged at the death of the bird of good omen. But after its death the fog and mist dissipate and the crew deem the act as the right thing to do. The shipmates are glad at the disappearance of the fog and mist, thinking the bird brought the’dense fog and mist.

Question 8.
Why does the crew hang the albatross around the Mariner’s neck?
Answer:
The death of the albatross begins to be avenged as the breeze that once carried the sails halts. There was no water to drink and slimy creatures could be seen emerging from the rotting sea. The crew hangs the dead albatross around the Mariner’s neck as a sign of guilt for their plight. The crew believe that the spirit of the albatross was following them, haunting them and causing misfortunes.

Question 9.
Examine the ideas of crime and punishment in the poem.
Answer:
The Mariner killed the albatross for no apparent reason. The other sailors were initially outraged at the death of the bird of good omen. But once the fog dissipated they said that it was the right thing to do. Instead of condemning this act, they start to praise the act of killing bird the bird and hence become partners in crime. They are punished by for this misdeed as the winds die down and they are stranded on the ship with no water to drink. The crew punish the Ancient Mariner with the weight of the Albatross around his neck. The value that is derived from this incident is that harming of an innocent creature has terrible repercussions.

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts below and answer the questions that follow. Write the answers in one or two lines only.

Question 1.
It is an ancient Mariner
And he stoppeth one of three.
“By thy long grey beard and grey glittering eye,
How wherefore stopp’st thou me?”

(a) Whom does the Ancient Mariner stop?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner stopped one of the three wedding guests.

(b) Why does he stop the wedding guest?
Answer:
The mariner is compelled to narrate his story and to admit the wrong he has done and he needs someone to listen to him.

(c) What are the chief features of the Mariner’s appearance? Why has the poet described him in this way?
Answer:
The chief features of the Mariner’s personality are his long grey beard and his glittering eye that holds the wedding guest mesmerised. The poet has described him in this way to show his hypnotic power over the guest.

Question 2.
‘The Bridegroom’s doors are
opened wide, and I am next of kin;
The guests are met, the feast is set:
May’st hear the merry din.’

(a) Why is the wedding guest restless?
Answer:
The wedding guest is restless as he can hear the noise of the wedding festivities in the church and he is the bridegroom’s closest relative. But the Ancient Mariner has him captive and is forcing him to listen to his story.

(b) Why was the wedding guest in a hurry to go?
Answer:
The guests had gathered for the wedding and the feast had already been laid out.
He could hear the noise of the festivities.

(c) Who was stopping him from going?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner was stopping him from going.

Question 3.
He holds him with his skinny hand,
“There was a ship,” quoth he.
“Hold off! unhand me, grey-beard loon!”
Eftsoons his hand dropt he.

(a) Who is the ‘he’ in the first line? Whom does he hold?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner is being referred to in the first line. He is holding the wedding guest.

(b) Why does the Ancient Mariner immediately start on the story?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner is guilty of having killed an innocent albatross. He wants to assuage his guilt by confessing the crime to someone. This is a part of his penance.

(c) Explain:‘unhand me’.
Answer:
‘Remove your hand; do riot hold me.’ This is said by the Wedding Guest who is stopped by the Ancient Mariner.

Question 4.
He holds him with his glittering eye—
The Wedding-Guest stood still,
And listens like a three years’ child:
The Mariner hath his will

(a) How does the Ancient Mariner stop the Wedding Guest?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner holds him spellbound with the intensity of his hypnotic eyes.

(b) Why does the Wedding Guest not wish to listen to the Mariner’s story?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest is going to a wedding and is getting late. He can hear the sound of the merrymaking and wants to be a part of the wedding festivities.

(c) What is’the significance of ‘listens like a three years’ child’?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest listens spellbound to the Mariner’s story. He is powerless to resist him.

Question 5.
The Wedding-Guest sat on a stone:
He cannot choose but hear;
And thus spake on that ancient man,
The bright-eyed Mariner.

(a) What does the expression ‘bright-eyed’ signify?
Answer:
The expression ‘bright-eyed’ signifies the glittering eye of the Mariner which held the Wedding Guest captive.

(b) What does the expression ‘sat on a stone’ signify?
Answer:
I ‘Sat on a stone’ shows that the Wedding Guest was totally mesmerised by the Ancient Mariner and he had no choice but to listen to the Mariner’s story despite the fact that the wedding festivities had begun.

(c) The Wedding Guest is not left with any choice but to listen to the Mariner because:
Answer:
the look in the Mariner’s eye held him captive.

Question 6.
“The ship was cheered, the harbour cleared,
Merrily did we drop
Below the kirk, below the hill,
Below the lighthouse top.”

(a) Explain: ‘drop’.
Answer:
It meahs they set sail with the ebbing tide.

(b) What sights did the sailors see as they started on their journey?
Answer:
The; sailors saw the church, the hill and the lighthouse.

(c) In which direction did they set sail? Give a reason for your answer.
Answer:
They set sail southwards. The sun rose from the left.

Question 7.
“The Sun came up upon the left,
Out of the sea came he!
And he shone bright, and on the right
Went down into the sea.”

(a) Why is the narrator compelled to narrate the story?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner is compelled to confess his sin to assuage his guilt and as a part of his penance.

(b) Who is listening to the story?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest is listening to the story.

(c) Why was he prompted to beat his breast?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest beat his breast because the wedding festivities had started but he was compelled to listen to the story of the Ancient Mariner.

Question 8.
“Higher and higher every day,
Till over the mast at noon—”
The Wedding-Guest here beat his breast,
For he heard the loud bassoon.

(a) What rose higher and higher every day? Where were they when it was ‘over the mast at noon’?
Answer:
The sun rose higher and higher. They were at the equator.

(b) Why did the Wedding Guest ‘beat his breast’?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest could hear the sound of merrymaking and could imagine the bride entering the hall signifying that the wedding was over.

(c) What is a bassoon?
Answer:
A bassoon is a musical instrument that is played by blowing into a long wooden tube while pressing metal keys.

Question 9.
The bride hath paced into the hall,
Red as a rose is she;
Nodding their heads before her goes
The merry minstrelsy

(a) What is happening at the wedding place?
Answer:
The bride has come into the hall.

(b) Where is the Wedding Guest?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest is sitting on a stone and listening to the Ancient Mariner’s story.

(c) Who are the minstrelsy? What are they doing?
Answer:
They are a group of travelling musicians and singers common ben .1 centuries. They are playing the bassoon and walking in front of the :

Question 10.
The Wedding-Guest he beat his breast,
Yet he cannot choose but hear;
And thus spake on that ancient man,
The bright-eyed Mariner.

(a) Why has the poet repeated the line: ‘he cannot choose but hear’?
Answer:
The line is repeated to show the hypnotic power which the Mariner exerts over the Wedding Guest and how he has been forced to hear the story.

(b) How does the Mariner hold the Wedding Guest?
Answer:
The Mariner holds him with the hypnotic power of his glittering eye.

(c) What is the Mariner telling the Wedding Guest?
Answer:
The Mariner is telling him the story of the fateful voyage when he

Question 11.
‘And now the storm-blast came, and he 
Was tyrannous and strong:
He struck with his o’ertaking wings,
And chased us south along

(a) Who is ‘he’ in the above lines? How is he described?
Answer:
The storm is being referred to as ‘he’ in the above lines. The storm is described as being a large bird that is tyrannical and strong. The wind created by its large wings pushed the ship southwards.

(b) Why has he been called ‘tyrannous’?
Answer:
The storm took control over the ship and pushed it in the southward direction.

(c) Point out the figure of speech in ‘o’taking wings’.
Answer:
Personification is being used here. The storm has been personified as a powerful bird with large wings which takes total control of the ship.

Question 12.
“With sloping masts and dipping prow,
As who pursued with yell and blow
Still treads the shadow of his foe,
And forward bends his head,
The ship drove fast, loud roared the blast,
The southward aye we fled.”

(a) What is the storm described as? What is the ship personified as?
Answer:
The storm is described as an enemy who is very powerful. The ship is personified as a man running away from his enemy who is pursuing him.

(b) Explain: ‘Still treads the shadow of his foe.’
Answer:
This line means to walk in the shadow of your enemy and not getting away from him. Here it refers to the ship being unable to get out of the storm.

(c) In which direction did the storm push them?
Answer:
The storm pushed them towards the South Pole.

Question 13.
“And now there came both mist and snow,
And it grew wondrous cold;
And ice, mast-high, came floating by,
As green as emerald.”

(a) Describe the land of mist and snow.
Answer:
The land was covered with mist and snow and was extremely cold. Large icebergs floated past the ship. There were snowy cliffs all around. The sailors could see no sign of men or beasts.

(b) Where were the mariners at this point?
Answer:
The mariners were at the South Pole.

Question 14.
“And through the drifts the snowy clifts
Did send a dismal sheen:
Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken—
The ice was all between.”

(a) Explain: ‘the drifts’.
Answer:
The‘drifts’refer to icebergs.

(b) Explain: ‘dismal sheen’.
Answer:
Though the icebergs were as bright as emeralds, they spread sadness in the hearts of the beholders because they had blocked the route of escape.

(c) What did they see amid all this? How did they welcome it?
Answer:
They saw an albatross. They welcomed it in God’s name as if it were a Christian soul. They played with it, offered it food and considered it a harbinger of hope.

Question 15.
“The ice was here, the ice was there,
The ice was all around:
It cracked and growled, and roared and howled,
Like noises in a swound!”

(a) Where was the Mariners’ ship stuck?
Answer:
The Mariner’s ship was stuck in the ice in the polar region.

(b) What figure of speech has been used in the first two lines? What effect does it create?
Answer:
Repetition is being used in the first two lines. It emphasises the fact that huge icebergs surrounded the ship and kept it from moving.

(c) What sort of a poise did the ice make? What figure of speech is used here?
Answer:
The ice made noises as if a person was having a fainting fit. The figures of speech used here are onomatopoeia and personification.

Question 16.
“At length did cross an Albatross,
Through the fog it came,
As if it had been a Christian soul,
We hailed it in God’s name.”

(a) Why were the mariners relieved to see the albatross?
Answer:
The mariners were relieved to see the albatross because they were stuck in the ice for many days and had not seen a living being apart from themselves. After the arrival of the albatross, the ice split and a good wind sprang up behind them and they could finally leave the polar region.

(b) Point out the figure of speech in the above lines.
Answer:
Simile is being used in the line—‘As if it had been a Christian soul.’

Question 17.
“It ate the food it ne’er had eat,
And round and round it flew.
The ice did split with a thunder-fit;
The helmsman steered us through!”

(a) Why had the albatross not eaten the food it was now given before?
Answer:
The albatross was used to eating fish from the sea. It had never eaten the cooked food that the mariners gave it.

(b) How did the weather change with its arrival?
Answer:
The ice cracked and the navigator could steer the ship away from the land of ice and snow.

(c) What did the albatross do with the sailors?
Answer:
The albatross came whenever the sailors called it and flew round and round the ship, playing with the mariners. It also accepted the food they offered it.

Question 18.
“And a good south wind sprung up behind;
The Albatross did follow,
And every day, for food or play,
Came to the mariners’ ‘hollo’!”

(a) In which direction did the south wind take the mariners?
Answer:
The wind took them towards the north.

(b) What was the attitude of the sailors towards the bird?
Answer:
The sailors were fond of the bird. They fed it and played with it. They considered it a bird of good omen.

(c) Explain: ‘hollo’.
Answer:
‘Hollo’ implies a call out to someone.

Question 19.
“In mist or cloud, on mast or shroud,
It perched for vespers nine;
Whiles all the night, through fog-smoke white,
Glimmered the white Moon-shine.”

(a) For how many days did the albatross accompany the sailors?
Answer:
The albatross accompanied them for nine days.

(b) Where did the albatross sit?
Answer:
The albatross sat on the mast and on the sails of the ship.

(c) Explain: ‘Whiles all the night, through fog-smoke white,/Glimmered the white Moon-shine.’
Answer:
At night the ship was surrounded by a thick fog and the moon shone intermittently and faintly through the fog.

Question 20.
“God save thee, ancient Mariner!
From the fiends, that plague thee thus! —
Why look’st thou so?’.’—
‘With my cross-bow I shot the ALBATROSS”

(a) Who speaks the first three lines?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest speaks the first three lines.

(b) Why does the Wedding Guest interrupt the Mariner?
Answer:
The Wedding Guest sees an expression of horror and anguish on the face of the Mariner. He is frightened by the look and wants to know why the Mariner has that look on his face.

(c) What had the Mariner done?
Answer:
The Mariner had shot the albatross with his crossbow.

Question 21.
“The Sun now rose upon the right:
Out of the sea came he,
Still hid in mist, and on the left
Went down into the sea.”

(a) In which direction were the sailors headed?
Answer:
The sailors were now headed northwards.

(b) How is the sun different from what it was when the sailors were sailing southwards?
Answer:
At the time when sailors were sailing southwards, the sun shone brightly but now the sun was hidden behind the mist.

(c) Describe the weather in the above lines.
Answer:
The sun rose and though it was covered with mist, the weather became pleasant. A good South wind blew behind the ship and pushed it northwards.

Question 22.
“And the good south wind still blew behind,
But no sweet bird did follow,
Nor any day for food or play
Came to the mariners’hollo!”

(a) Why had the mariners called the bird?
Answer:
The mariners had called the bird to feed it or to play with it.

(b) What did the mariners think of the bird?
Answer:
The mariners considered the bird to be a good omen.

(c) What would be the result of killing the bird?
Answer:
They would suffer grave misfortunes.

Question 23.
“And I had done a hellish thing,
And it would work ’em woe:
For all averred, I had killed the bird ,
That made the breeze to blow.
Ah wretch! said they, the bird to slay,
That made the breeze to blow!”

(a) What hellish thing had the speaker done? Why was it hellish?
Answer:
The speaker had killed the albatross. It was hellish because the bird has been described as a Christian.
Soul, a harbinger of happiness, and the Mariner had killed it for no reason.

(b) What was the reaction of the other sailors to the Mariner’s deed?
Answer:
At first the other sailors condemned the Ancient Mariner for killing the bird that had brought the breeze.

(c) Explain: ‘And it would work ’em woe’
Answer:
The sailors believed that the wanton killing of the albatross would bring them great sorrow and unhappiness.

Question 24.
“Nor dim nor red, like God’s own head,
The glorious Sun uprist:
Then all averred, I had killed the bird
That brought the fog and mist.”

(a) Why has the sun been described as glorious?
Answer:
The sun has been described as glorious because it had appeared on the horizon after a long time. Before this, the weather had been foggy and misty.

(b) Name a poetic device used in the above lines.
Answer:
Simile—‘Nor dim nor red, like God’s own head,’

(c) These lines indicate a change in the sailor’s attitude. What is that change?
Answer:
The sailors had earlier condemned the killing of the bird as they had seen it as a bird of good omen, which had caused the ice to split and the breeze to blow. They now regarded it as the one that had brought the fog and mist.

Question 25.
“Nor dim nor red, like God’s own head,
The glorious Sun uprist:
Then all averred, I had killed the bird
That brought the fog and mist.
’Twas right, said they, such birds to slay,
That bring the fog and mist.”

(a) What had the speaker done?
Answer:
The speaker had killed the albatross.

(b) How was reaction of the others significantly different from their earlier reaction? Why?
Answer:
The crew at first berated their mate for killing the bird that had brought the change in the breeze. But as the ship made its way out of the fog and mist, they decided it was the bird that had brought the mist so the Mariner had been right to kill the bird after all.

(c) What was the effect of the reaction of the sailors?
The sailors became accomplices in the crime by praising the Ancient Mariner. Therefore, they too had to suffer.

Question 26.
“The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,
The furrow followed free;
We were the first that ever burst
Into that silent sea.”

(a) How does the narrator create the impression of speed?
Answer:
The Mariner does so by describing the movement of the ship which cut through the waves, leaving a track on the surface of the water with the formation of the foam.

(b) Name a poetic device used in the above lines.
Answer:
Alliteration is being used in the lines:
‘The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew/The furrow followed free’

(c) What happened after this?
Answer:
The mariners reached the silent sea.

Question 27.
“Down dropt the breeze, the sails dropt down,
‘Twas sad as sad could be;
And we did speak only to break
The silence of the sea!”

(a) Why did the sails drop down?
Answer:
The sails dropped as there was no breeze.

(b) What was the only sound that the sailors could hear?
Answer:
The only sound the sailors could hear was the sound of their own voice.

(c) What according to the sailors was the reason for this situation?
Answer:
The sailors blamed the situation on the killing of the albatross by the Ancient Mariner.

Question 28.
“All in a hot and copper sky,
The bloody Sun, at noon,
Right up above the mast did stand,
No bigger than the Moon.”

(a) How does the narrator convey the heat of the sun? How is it different from the sun earlier?
Answer:
The sun was red hot. Earlier the sun was described as being glorious.

(b) Name the poetic device used here.
Answer:
The poetic devise used is metaphor—the bloody Sun.

(c) Where were the sailors at this moment?
Answer:
The sailors were nearing the equator.

Question 29.
“Day after day, day after day,
We stuck, nor breath nor motion;
As idle as a painted ship
Upon a painted ocean.”

(a) Who was stuck and where?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner and his companions were stuck in the middle of the sea.

(b) What is the effect of the repetition in the first line?
Answer:
The repetition in the first line emphasises lack of motion. The mariners had been stuck for a long time in the middle of the sea.

(c) How does the narrator communicate the idea of being becalmed?
Answer:
The idea of being becalmed is communicated by comparing the ship to a painted picture of a ship standing in the ocean.

Question 30.
“Day after day, day after day,
We stuck, nor breath nor motion;
As idle as a painted ship
Upon a painted ocean.”

(a) Explain: ‘We stuck, nor breath nor motion;’
Answer:
The lines imply that the mariners were stranded on a still sea. There was no wind to help them move.

(b) Whom did the mariners blame for this condition? How did they punish him?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner was blamed for this condition as he had killed the albatross. The mariners hung the ‘ dead albatross around his neck.

(c) Explain ‘As idle as a painted ship’.
Answer:
There was no breeze. The ship was still and motionless as if it had been painted on a canvas.

Question 31.
“Water, water, everywhere,
And all the boards did shrink;
Water, water, everywhere, ‘
Nor any drop to drink.”

(a) Explain: ‘Water, water, everywhere, And all the boards did shrink. ‘
Answer:
The heat of the sun dried the boards and shrank them.

(b) What sufferings did the sailors undergo?
Answer:
The sun was shining overhead. It was very hot. The sailors had no water to drink. There was no breeze, and the ship was stuck in the middle of the ocean.

Question 32.
“The very deep did rot: O Christ!
That ever this should be!
Yea, slimy things did crawl with legs .
Upon the slimy sea.”

(a) What does the word ‘deep’ refer to?
Answer:
The word ‘deep’ refers to the ocean.

(b) How did the ‘deep’ rot?
Answer:
The stillness of the sea and lack of motion made the mariners feel that the vegetation in the sea was decaying.

(c) How does the Ancient Mariner describe the sea and the creatures?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner calls the creatures repulsive and slimy.

Question 33.
“About, about, in reel and rout
The death-fires danced at night:
The water, like a witch’s oils, 
Burnt green, and blue and white.”

(a) Explain the term ‘reel and rout’.
Answer:
It refers to a dance from Scotland where the dancers go round and round.

(b) Where did the death fires dance?
Answer:
The death fires danced around the ship.

(c) Why did the water of the ocean appear to be burning green, blue and white?
Answer:
The rotting vegetation on the water appeared to have a film of oil on top that shone in various colours.

Question 34.
“And some in dreams assured were
Of the Spirit that plagued us so;
Nine fathom deep he had followed us
From the land of mist and snow.”

(a) Who was being followed? What spirit was following them?
Answer:
The mariners were being followed by the spirit of the albatross.

(b) Why does the narrator feel they were being plagued? Give two reasons.
Answer:
The narrator feels they were plagued because they had to undergo many hardships. The ship got stuck in the ocean as there was no breeze. They had no water to drink.

(c) Why was the spirit following them?
Answer:
The spirit was following them to avenge its death.

Question 35.
“And every tongue, through utter drought
Was withered at the root,
We could not speak, no more than if
We had been choked with soot.”

(a) Who are the ‘we’ referred to here? What was the reason for their misery?
Answer:
‘We’ refers to the sailors. They were stuck in the middle of the ocean with no water to drink and no breeze.

(b) Why were their tongues dry?
Answer:
They had no water to drink and the sun was very hot.

(c) Who was held responsible for their condition?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner was held responsible for their condition.

Question 36.
“Ah! well a-day! what evil looks
Had I from old and young!
Instead of the cross, the Albatross
About my neck was hung.”

(a) What did the mariners hang around the speaker’s neck and why?
Answer:
The mariners hung the dead body of the albatross around the neck of the speaker. They did this to make him repent for his mistake. The dead body of the albatross would be a constant reminder of his guilt.

(b) Who was held responsible for their misery? Was it correct to do so?
Answer:
The Ancient Mariner was held responsible for their misery. The sailors were right in hanging the bird ‘ around his neck as the Ancient Mariner had disturbed the balance of nature by killing the innocent bird.

Here we are providing Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature Reader, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature

Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Comment on the irony of the Pharaoh’s words, “Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”
Answer:
This quote implies that no one will ever surpass this work. One might even conclude from this that Ozymandias would even challenge God himself. The irony in this is that all that remains of the mighty zymandias is this broken statue, and that this statue, which was intended to create fear, now only creates wonder because of its ruined condition. The inscription is a verbal irony, for the words are egotistical but are etched on a broken statue that no longer makes other rulers fear.

Question 2.
Briefly describe the statue of Ozymandias.
Answer:
The statue is a huge one. Two trunkless legs of the statue of Ozymandias are still standing on a pedestal.
The half-broken face is lying shattered near the legs, half buried in the sand. There is an inscription on the pedestal that says, “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look upon my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”

Question 3.
Describe the look on the face of the statue.
Answer:
The expression on the face of the statue was that of sneering. It seemed as if the king was looking upon everyone with contempt.

Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
As the traveller, write a diary entry about what you saw in the ancient land where you had gone on a visit.
Answer:
I travelled to a place where an ancient civilisation once existed. I saw an old, dilapidated statue in the middle of the desert. The face of the statue looked stem and powerful. The sculptor did a good job at expressing the ruler’s personality which consisted of disdain and contempt for others.

The irony of the situation is reflected in the writing on the pedestal which said: “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look upon my works, ye Mighty, and despair!” No other evidence of his strength except this giant, broken statue, could survive the  ravages of time. This incident reminds one of man’s mortality and how all his pride gets destroyed while only art remains.

Question 2.
As the sculptor, write a diary entry about the statue of Ozymandias you created.
Answer:
Ozymandias commissioned me to create his statue. He is an arrogant ruler. Every time I look at him, I see disdain and contempt for others. He wants me to carve on the pedestal “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look upon my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”
I wonder, will my art survive?

Question 3.
The proud Ozymandias lies forgotten in the desert. Comment.
Answer:
In the inscription on the pedestal, Ozymandias calls himself the “king of kings” while also implying that his “works” will be unsurpassed and remembered for eternity. The proud Ozymandias thinks highly of himself and of what he has achieved, both politically and artistically.

The statue is a symbol of Ozymandias’s ambition, pride, and absolute power. The value derived from the poem is that kingdoms and political regimes will eventually crumble, leaving no trace of their existence except, perhaps, broken monuments.

Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts below and answer the questions that follow. Write the answers in one or two lines only.

Question 1.
I met a traveller from an antique land
Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
Stand in the desert.

(a) Where had the traveller come from?
Answer:
The traveller had come from a land where a civilisation flourished in ancient times. He is probably referring to Egypt.

(b) What had he seen there?
Answer:
The traveller had seen a huge statue of a king called Ozymandias.

(c) What part of it still stood?
Answer:
Only the legs of the statue still stood.

Question 2.
“Near them, on the sand,
Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown,
And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command,
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read.”

(a) What is ‘them’?
Answer:
‘Them’ are the two legs of the statue.

(b) What lies near them?
Answer:
The half-shattered face of the statue lies near them.

(c) Whose expression did the sculptor read well?
Answer:
The sculptor read the expression on the face of Ozymandias.

Question 3.
“Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown,
And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command,
Tell that its sculptor well .those passions read
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,
The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed;”

(a) What is the expression on the face of the statue?
Answer:
There is an expression of contempt on the face of the statue.

(b) Whose hand mocked the expression?
Answer:
The hand of the sculptor mocked the expression.

(c) Whose heart fed the expression?
Answer:
The heart of Ozymandias fed the expression.

Question 4.
“Nothing beside remains.
Round the decay
Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare
The lone and level sands stretch far away.”

(a) What does the poet mean by ‘colossal wreck’?
Answer:
The poet means the huge statue of Ozymandias.

(b) What literary device does the poet use in the last line?
Answer:
The poet uses the device of synecdoche.

Question 5.
“And on the pedestal these words appear:
My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”

(a) Where are these words carved, ‘Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair’?
Answer:
These words are carved at the foot of Ozymandias’s statue.

(b) Why should Ozymandias refer to himself as ‘King of Kings’?
Answer:
Ozymandias considered himself very powerful.