CBSE Class 9

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Mystery Chapter 3 The Tragedy of Birlstone are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Mystery Chapter 3 The Tragedy of Birlstone.

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Mystery Chapter 3 The Tragedy of Birlstone

Question 1.
Look at the picture below and list some phrases and words that come to your mind when you look at it.
Answer :

Question 2.
Can you make some guesses about the dead man ? Give reasons for your answers.
(a) Did the man die a natural death or was he murdered ?
(b) Was the dead man rich or poor ?
(c) Who is the man bending over him ?
Answer :
(а) No the man didn’t die a natural death. His dead body lying on the floor rules out this fact. Then the stick, his posture, the blood, etc, clearly show that he has been murdered.
(b) The dead man seems to be rich. It is clear from the clothes he wore and the house. A deep mystery is involved in his murder.
(c) The man bending over him is a detective. He is investigating his murder. He wants to know the reasons behind his murder. He is being assisted by other detectives.

Question 3.
Here are a police constable’s notes of his investigation of the murder at Manor House. After reading the notes, discuss where the murder could have taken place. What was the motive behind the evil act ? How was the act committed ?


image 3
Answer :
For discussion by the students as desired. Some relevant pointwise information is given below :
The murder had taken place in the Manor House or it might have taken place outside the Manor House. The reasons where it had taken place are not clear yet. The circumstantial evidence suggests that the motive behind the evil act could have been the great popularity of John Douglas. This was due to his cheery and genial nature and some jealousy in his wife’s heart. The disparity between the nature of the two due to nerve strain supports this aspect. Third, the frequent visit of an outsider Cecil Barker may form a love triangle. This sort of triangle usually leads to such tragic occurrences. The white-faced servants, frightened butler, injury signs deepen the mystery of the murder.

The murder could have been committed most mercilessly. The horrible injuries and their terrible marks indicate this aspect. Mr. Douglas could have resisted and struggled with the murderer with full force as per the situation. Then the murderer could have shot him dead. .

Question 4.
Dr. Wood, the capable general practitioner, has been requested to solve this case. He gathers information about the murder from the inmates of the house. The information is presented in two parts.
Parts A : Background story by Arthur Canon Doyle
Parts B : Conversation between Dr. Wood and Cecil Barker
Part A
Background Story
The village of Birlstone is a small and very ancient cluster of half-timbered cottages on the northern border of the county of Sussex. For centuries it had remained unchanged but its picturesque appearance has attracted well-to-do residents. A number of small shops have come into being to meet the wants of the increased population. About half a mile from the town, standing in an old park famous for its huge beech trees, was the ancient Manor House, with its many gables and its small diamond paned windows. The only approach to the house was over a drawbridge,the chains and windlass of which had been rusted and broken.

The family consisted of only two individuals – John Douglas and his wife. Douglas was cheery and genial to all and had acquired great popularity among the villagers. He appeared to have plenty of money. Thus it came about that John Douglas had, within five years,won himself quite a reputation in Birlstone. His wife was a beautiful woman, tall, dark, and slender, younger than her husband; a disparity which seemed in no way to mar the contentment of their family life. It was remarked sometimes, that the confidence between the two did not appear to be incomplete.

There were signs sometimes of some nerve strain upon the part of Mrs. Douglas. Cecil Barker, was a frequent and welcome visitor at Manor House, Barker was an easy going, free handed gentleman. It was on Jan 6th at 11:45 that the alarm reached the small local police station that John Douglas had been murdered. Dr. Wood seemed to be unnerved and troubled.

Part B
Conversation between Dr. Wood and Cecil Barker

Dr. Wood : We will touch nothing until my superiors arrive. (He spoke in a hushed voice, staring at the dreadful head)
C Barker : Nothing has been touched until now.
Dr. Wood : When did this happen?
C Barker : It was just half-past eleven. I was sitting by the fire in my bedroom when I heard the gun shot. In thirty seconds I was in the room.
Dr. Wood : Was the door open?
C. Barker : Yes, it was open. Poor Douglas was lying as you see him.
image 4
Dr. Wood : Did you see anyone?
C. Barker : No, I heard Mrs. Douglas coming down the stairs behind me, and I rushed out to prevent her from seeing this dreadful sight.
Dr. Wood : But I have heard that the drawbridge is kept up all night.
C. Barker : Yes, it was up until I lowered it.
Dr. Wood : Then how could any murderer have got away? It is out of question! Mr Douglas must have shot himself.
C. Barker : That was our first idea. But see! The diamond paned window is open to its full extent.
Dr. Wood : I think someone stood there while trying to get out.
C. Barker : You mean that someone waded across the moat?
Dr. Wood : Exactly!
C. Barker : I agree with you.
Dr. Wood : But what I ask you is, how did he even get into the house at all if the bridge was up?
C. Barker : Ah, that’s the question.
Dr. Wood : At what time was the bridge raised?
C. Barker : It was nearly 6 O’clock.
Dr. Wood : Then it comes to this, if anyone came from outside – if they did – they must have got in across the bridge before six and had been in hiding ever since. The man was waiting. He shot him, when he got the chance. – adapted

Answer :
No Question asked.

Question 5.
Answer the following questions by ticking the correct options.
1. The only change in Birlstone in years has been ___________ .

(a) the opening of a few shops.
(b) the timbered cottages.
(c) an improvement in its
(d) a number of well-to-do residents have

2. picturesque appearance. settled there ___________. The Manor House stood out because of its .

(a) diamond-paned windows.
(b) huge beech trees.
(c) drawbridge and windows.
(d) residents.

3. John Douglas had won quite a reputation for himself in Birlstone because of his ___________ .

(a) genial temperament.
(b) Manor House.
(c) his wealth.
(d) his beautiful wife.

4. Cecil Barker’s first reaction at the sight of the dead Douglas was to ___________.

(a) inform Mr Woods.
(b) stop Mrs Douglas from seeing the dead body,
(c) call for help.
(d) observe the open door.

Answer :

1. (a)
2. (a), (b) and (c)
3. (a)
4. (6)

Question 6.
In Question 3. you read an eye-witness account of a robbery. On the basis of your reading of the Birlstone tragedy, in about 125 words, write Dr. Wood’s account of the discovery of John Douglas’s body.
Answer :
Dr. Wood’s Account of the discovery of John Douglas’s body :
It was approaching midnight when I got a call from Mr. Barker that Mr. Douglas had been murdered. I rushed at once to the scene. I found to my utter astonishment that the drawbridge had been down which should have been up at this hour of the night. On reaching the murder scene I found Mr. Douglas’s body lying sprawled near the fireplace. His head was towards the fireplace. Mr. Barker was there when he should not and Mr. Douglas’s wife was in another room. This naturally raised some doubt in my mind as I apprehended some complexity between her and Mr. Barker.

When I asked Mr. Barker about the drawbridge etc, he told that the door was open when he arrived on the scene and he himself had lowered the drawbridge. He also added that usually the drawbridge was put up at 6 pm and nobody could enter the house during the night. A doubt in my mind lurked that the murderer might have entered the House before 6 pm and had hidden himself inside it to commit the crime at the right time. Mrs. Douglas and Mr. Barker also need to be investigated thoroughly to reach the truth behind this murder.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Mystery Chapter 3 The Tragedy of Birlstone help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Mystery Chapter 3 The Tragedy of Birlstone, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 5 Best Seller are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 5 Best Seller.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 5 Best Seller

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 43)

Question 1.
Before you read the story write down the answers to these questions.

1. Which was the latest hook that you read ?
2. Who was the author ?
3. Who were the main characters ?
4. When did you read the book ?
5. How long did you take to complete reading it ?
6. What genre did it belong to ?
7. Why would/ wouldn’t you recommend it ?

Answer

1. It was Jude the Obscure.
2. Thomas Hardy.
3. Jude, Sue, Arabella, Phillotson.
4. a month before.
5. 12-15 days.
6. Fiction.
7. I would recommend it to my friends to read it because it is a gripping story. In it the hero struggles hard to fulfil his dreams. But the more he tries the more he fails. It seems that his own natural instincts and pressures of life become hurdles for him. Finally, he feels defeated at the hands of fate and physical situations. In the end he dies a tragic death.

Question 2.
Now read the story :
Answer
For students to read the story.

Question 3.
Based on your reading of the story, answer the following questions by choosing the correct option.
(a) The narrator says that John was “___ of the stuff that heroes are not often lucky enough to be made of. ” His tone is sarcastic because___

1. he hated John.
2. he felt that John was a threat to him.
3. John was not particularly good-looking.
4. nobody liked John.

(b) Pescud felt that best-sellers were not realistic as _____

1. American farmers had nothing in common with European princesses.
2. men generally married girls from a similar background.
3. American men married girls who studied in America.
4. American men did not know fencing and were beaten by the Swiss guards.

(c) “Bully”, said Pescud brightening at once. He means to say that _____

1. he is a bully.
2. his manager was a bully.
3. he was being bullied by his co-workers.
4. he was doing very well at his job.

(d) The narrator says that life has no geographical bounds implying that _____

1. human beings are essentially the same everywhere.
2. boundaries exist only on maps.
3. one should work towards the good of mankind.
4. he was happy to travel to other countries.

Answer
(a) 3
(b) 1
(c) 4
(d) 1

Question 4.
Answer the following questions briefly.

1. One day last summer the author was travelling to Pittsburgh by chair car. What does he say about his co-passengers ?
2. Who was the passenger of chair No. 9 ? What did he suddenly do ?
3. What was John A. Pescud’s opinion about best sellers ? Why ?
4. What does John say about himself since his last meeting with the author ?
5. How did John’s first meeting with Jessie’s father go ? What did the author tell him ? [V. Imp.]
6. Why did John get off at Coketown ?
7. John is a hypocrite. Do you agree with this statement ? Substantiate your answer. [V. Imp.]
8. Describe John A. Pescud with reference to the following points:
   • Physical appearance ………………
   • His philosophy on behaviour …………….
   • His profession …………….
   • His first impression of his wife …………..
   • His success ……………

Answer
1. He says that the most of the passengers were ladies. They were in brown-silk dresses cut with square rocks, laced ones and with dotted veils. There was the usual number of men. They might be in almost any business and were going anywhere.

2. John A. Pescud was in chair No. 9. He suddenly hurled a book to the floor between his chair and the window. It was ‘The Rose Lady and Trevelyan’.

3. John Pescud’s opinion about best sellers was that these were the kind where the hero was an American wealthy man. He was in love with a royal princess from Europe. The man was travelling under a false name to the girl’s father’s kingdom.

4. John says about himself that his salary had been raised twice. He was getting some commission. He had bought some real estate. Next year he was expecting to buy some shares of the company. Also he had built a house in the East End and had married too.

5. John’s first meeting with Jessie’s father went on well. At first he felt quite nervous and developed cold feet. He felt that the Colonel would throw him out of the window. But he soon developed rapport with him and their talk went on for two hours.

6. John A. Pescud got down at Coketown. He wanted cuttings and blossoms of petunia flowers for his wife. She desired them as she had been growing them in her old Virginia home.

7. I think John is a hypocrite. He criticizes the plot of the best sellers. But he himself has supported it (himself being the hero of the novel) by illustrating it from his own story. His story is actually the same plot of the best seller ‘The Rose Lady and Trevelyan’ which he had been reading. In a way he is ‘Trevelyan’ himself. The narrator calls him as such in the end after Pescud has alighted at Coketown.

8. John A. Pescud was made of a stuff that heroes were not often lucky enough to be made of. He was a small man with a wide smile. He had an eye. It seemed to be fixed upon that little red spot on the end of his nose.

• His philosophy was that a man ought to be decent and law-abiding.
• Pescud’s profession was of a travelling salesman. He was, at present, the travelling salesman of a plate-glass company named Cambria steel works.
• His first impression of his wife was that she was the finest looking girl he had ever laid eyes on. She was not very spectacular. But she had the attributes that enabled her to be an ideal wife.
• Pescud had progressed much. His salary had been raised twice since he met the narrator last. He got a commission. He had also bought a neat piece of real estate. Next year he was buying some shares of the company. He had built a house in the East End and had married. He had been living in his own house with his wife Jessie and her Colonel father.

Question 5.
Complete the flow chart in the correct sequence as it happens in the story.
Hint : it begins from the time John Pescud first saw Jessie till the time they marry.

1. Jessie takes a sleeper to Louisville.
2. Pescud sees a girl (Jessie) reading a book in the train.
3. Pescud speaks to the girl (Jessie) for the first time.
4. Pescud follows her but finds it difficult to keep up.
5. Pescud goes to the village to find out about the mansion.
6. Jessie arrives at Virginia.
7. Pescud meets Jessie’s father.
8. They get married a year later.
9. Pescud instantly gets attracted to the girl (Jessie).
10. Jessie informs Pescud that her father would not approve of them meeting.
11. They meet alone two days later.

Answer.
The correct sequence as it happens in the story will be as follows :
2 → 9 → 4 → 1 → 6 → 5 → 3 → 7 → 10 → 11 → 8
2. Pescud sees a girl (Jessie) reading a book in the train.
↓
9. Pescud instantly gets attracted to the girl (Jessie).
↓
4. Pescud follows her but finds it difficult to keep up.
↓
1. Jessie takes a sleeper to Louisville.
↓
6. Jessie arrives at Virginia.
↓
5. Pescud goes to the village to find out about the mansion.
↓
3. Pescud speaks to the girl (Jessie) for the first time.
↓
7. Pescud meets Jessie’s father.
↓
10. Jessie informs Pescud that her father would not approve of them meeting.
↓
11. They meet alone two days later.
↓
8. They get married a year later.

Question 6.
Irony refers to the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of their literal meaning. Working in pairs, bring out the irony in the following:

1. The title of the story, “The Best seller”.
2. Pescud’s claim, “When people in real life marry, they generally hunt up somebody in their own station. A fellow usually picks out a girl who went to the same high-school and belonged to the same singing-society that he did.”
3. The name Trevelyan.

Answer
Meant for class level and for working in pairs. The following hints shall enable the pairs to discuss the use of irony in these situations.
1. What a best seller should be is well defined by John A. Pescud. It should be a story taken from the real-life situations. It should not be purely imaginative and as per the set formula. But the story of Pescud, which is the best seller, is not as per this definition.

2. Pescud claims that usually people in real life marry among their own kith and kin and of their own community. They also marry among people with the equal social status. But Pescud who is Trevelyan himself of the best seller ‘The Rose Lady and Trevelyan’ doesn’t conform to this. He is a travelling salesman of a plate-glass company. But his wife is the daughter of Colonel Allyn, a British titled nobleman.

3. ‘Trevelyan’ is the hero of the best seller ‘The Rose Lady and Trevelyan’ but he is Pescud himself.

Question 7.
A newspaper reporter hears of the marriage of Pescud and Jessie. He interviews them and writes an article for the paper entitled: A Modern Romance.
Working in groups of four, write the article.
Answer
Meant for class level and for working in groups of four. The article is given below.

A MODERN ROMANCE

The literacy meaning of‘romance’ is an exciting relationship between two people who love each other. Modern romance knows no caste, creed, colour, status or traditions. But in the past such things carried weight. The marriage of Pescud and Jessie is an appropriate example of a modern romance. There is an element of excitement and adventure throughout the story. Pescud sees Jessie for the first time and in a second chooses her to be his wife. He forgets all about his plate glass business and follows her to her place of living.

Not only that, he gathers courage to meet her and her father. His pursuing Jessie from one station to another is no less than a film romance. The suspense is maintained throughout. He meets her father, the Colonel who could throw him before the fox-hounds. But he meets him and reveals to him his heart. He is specific in calling a spade a spade. He tells him that he will try to get Jessie like him. His conversation with the Colonel appeals to the latter. The Colonel and Jessie like Pescud.

For the Colonel humorous anecdotes strengthen friendship. Both enjoy the company of each other. Soon Pescud marries Jessie. They build a house in East End and live happily. The Colonel waits for Pescud to relate him another story.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 5 Best Seller help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 5 Best Seller, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 Democratic Rights

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 Democratic Rights.

NCERT QUESTIONS

Exercises

Question 1.
Which of the following is not an instance of an exercise of a fundamental right?
(a) Workers from Bihar go to Punjab to work on the farms.
(b) Christian missions set up a chain of missionary schools.
(c) Men and women government employees get the same salary.
(d) Parents’ property is inherited by their children.
Answer:
(d) Parents’ property is inherited by their children.

Question 2.
Which of the following freedoms is not available to an Indian citizen?
(a) Freedom to criticise the government
(b) Freedom to participate in armed revolution
(c) Freedom to start a movement to change the government
(d) Freedom to oppose the central values of the Constitution
Answer:
(d) Freedom to oppose the central values of the Constitution

Question 3.
Which of the following rights is available under the Indian Constitution?
(a) Right to work
(b) Right to adequate livelihood
(c) Right to protect one’s culture
(d) Right to privacy
Answer:
(c) Right to protect one’s culture

Question 4.
Name the Fundamental Right under which each of the following rights falls:

1. Freedom to propagate one’s religion
2. Right to life
3. Abolition of untouchability
4. Ban on bonded labour

Answer:

1. Right to Freedom of Religion
2. Right to Freedom
3. Right to Equality
4. Right against Exploitation

Question 5.
Which of these statements about the relationship between democracy and rights is more valid? Give reasons for your preference.
(a) Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.
(b) Every country that gives rights to its citizens is a democracy.
(c) Giving rights is good, but it is not necessary for a democracy.
Answer:
(a) Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.
Reasons:

• Rights are necessary for the very existence of democracy.
• In a democracy, every citizen has the right to vote.

Question 6.
Are there restrictions on the Right to Freedom justified? Give reasons for your answer.

1. Indian citizens need permission to enter some border areas of the country for reasons of security.
2. Outsiders are not allowed to buy property in some areas to protect the interest of the local population.
3. The government bans the publication of a book that can go against the ruling party in the next elections.

Answer:

1. It is justified. The security of the country is the first duty of a government, and this cause can stop the people from visiting the border areas.
2. This action is also justified. The local population may not be financially strong to protect its interests. Outsiders can take away their rights in their own area, so such a step of the government is correct.
3. Not justified. The publication of a book can only be banned if it disturbs the peace and hurts the sentiments of a section of people, and not on grounds of protecting the ruling party’s prospects in the next election.

Question 7.
Manoj went to a college to apply for admission into an MBA course. The clerk refused to take his application and said “You, the son of a sweeper, wish to be a manager! Has anyone done this job in your community ? Go to the municipality office and apply for a sweeper’s position”. Which of Manoj’s fundamental rights are being violated in this instance.
Answer:
In Manoj’s case, two fundamental rights are being violated.

1. Right to Equality. Everyone is equal in the eyes of law. No one can be denied admission on the grounds of his birth. The person is also practising untouchability which is a punishable offence. His right to opportunity is also being violated.
2. Right to Freedom. Manoj has the right to apply for any job anywhere as long as he is qualified for it. No one can force him to do a certain job against his wishes.

Question 8.
When Madhurima went to the property registration office, the Registrar told her, “You can’t write your name as Madhurima Banerjee d/o A.K. Banerjee. You are married, so you must give your husband’s name. Your husband’s surname is Rao. So your name should be changed to Madhurima Rao.” She did not agree. She said “If my husband’s name has not changed after marriage, why should mine?” In your opinion, who is right in this dispute? and why?
Answer:
In this dispute, Madhurima is correct. She is entitled to right to equality and therefore she can choose to use either her maiden name or her husband’s surname. Forcing her to use to her husband’s surname will result in infringement of her right.

Hope given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 are helpful to complete your homework.

If you have any doubts, please comment below. Learn Insta try to provide online tutoring for you.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 1 Grandmaster Koneru Humpy Queen of 64 Squares are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 1 Grandmaster Koneru Humpy Queen of 64 Squares.

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 1 Grandmaster Koneru Humpy Queen of 64 Squares

Question 1.
Avik, a correspondent for his school magazine, interviews Grandmaster Koneru Humpy. Let us read :

INTERVIEW WITH KONERU HUMPY :
Avik : Good morning, Ma’am! Congratulations on your achievements in the World G r a n d P r i x W o m e n ‘ s C h e s s Championship in Istanbul recently!
Koneru Humpy : Thank you! This is my biggest win in the women’s circuit. This is very significant, considering that it has come in an event which had three former world champions.
Avik : Indeed! Please tell us something about yourself, Ma’am!
Koneru Humpy : I was born in Gudivada, near Vijaywada, in Andhra Pradesh on March 31, 1987.I was originally named ‘Hampi’ (which means champion) by my father Mr Koneru Ashok, who later changed the spelling to Humpy, to give the name a Russian flavour. I write my family name, Koneru, before my given name, as is the convention with the Telugu speaking people. I started playing chess when I was 5 years old.

Avik : Who made you familiar to the game?
Koneru Humpy : My father acquainted me with the game. He is also my first coach. I first showed interest at the age of 6 years, when I watched him play a game and suggested a move. Indeed it was the move that actually got me into the game.
Avik : Your father left his teaching profession to make you a champion!
Koneru Humpy : Yes, when I took the 4th place in the Indian Under 8 Championship in 1995, he decided to leave his career and dedicate his time to me.
Avik : And you had won four World Championships at a very early stage.
Koneru Humpy : Yes, the World Girl Under 10, the World Girls Under 12, the World Girls Under 14 and World Girls Junior Championships. I acquired my IM title in 1999 and in May 2002, I achieved my 3rd GM Norms in Elekes Memorial Grandmaster Tournament in Budapest.
Avik : You held the record from 2002 to 2008 for the youngest woman ever to become a grandmaster!
Koneru Humpy : Yes, I achieved it at the age of 15 years, 1 month, 27 days, beating Judit Polgar’s previous record by 3months; which was later lost in the Women’s World Chess Championship in 2008 to Hou Yifan. I won the World Junior Girls Chess Championship in 2001 and won the edition or North Urals Cup, the Women’s Super Tournament held in Krasnoturinsk. In 2006 I participated in the Women’s World Chess Championship, but my campaign had to end early in the second round. I played in the first board of Monte Carlo Chess Club and won the last two editions of the European Club Cup.

Avik : You have got some awards also!
Koneru Humpy : Yes, Arjuna Award in 2003, Padmashri Award in 2007 and Raja-Lakshmi Award in 2008.
Avik : In India, many young chess players are ready to take a break in education and are fully focussed on chess preparations. What are your views?
Koneru Humpy : I don’t think that taking up chess as a career and completely neglecting studies will be necessary at an earlier stage. After getting to a certain level in the game, they themselves should decide their preferences i.e. whether to play seriously or not.

Avik : What advice would you offer to parents of enthusiastic and talented chess children?
Koneru Humpy : Parents should not compel children to play chess. If children are genuinely interested in the game, they should encourage them. But they shouldn’t hurry to get results.
Avik : How often do you exercise? Do you think daily physical exercise can help a chess player to cope with the pressure and increase the brain’s ability to concentrate?
Koneru Humpy : I spend around one hour per day on physical exercise. Exercise is a must for every chess player. As the proverb says, ‘a sound mind in a sound body’. Exercise shows a lot of impact on the brain.
Avik : Thank you for talking to me and giving valuable advice.
Koneru Humpy : Thank you.

Answer :
No Question Asked.

Question 2.
Now complete the Bio-data on koneru humpy.


Answer :

Question 3.
Grandmaster Koneru Humpy is visiting your school and you, as the Sports Captain, have to introduce her in the school assembly. With the help of Question 2, write out the Bio-sketch.
Answer :
Distinguished Guest, worthy Principal, staff and students :
I am very glad to introduce you to the distinguished guest Grandmaster Koneru Humpy. We are glad that she has spared some moments of her busy schedule to address you. I welcome her on your behalf.

Grandmaster Koneru Humpy was born on March 31, 1987 at Gudivada near Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. She was inspired and trained by her father Mr Koneru Ashok. Very quickly she got 4th place in Indian Under 8 Championship in 1995. She soon won four world Championships at a very early stage. Besides that she acquired her IM title in 1999 and in May 2002. She  achieved her 3rd GM Norms in Elekes Memorial Grandmaster Tournament in Budapest. She held the record from 2002 to 2008 for the youngest woman ever to become a Grandmaster.

She has profusely been honoured for bringing India on the world Chess map. She rightly got Arjuna Award in 2003, Padmashri Award in 2007 and Raja-Lakshmi Award in 2008. I welcome her again on your behalf. I hope you shall be inspired by this distinguished Grandmaster.

Question 4.
Know all about Chess, Read and enjoy : You now know a little about Koneru Humpychess player but do you know how to play chess? Let’s know more about it: Have you ever played chess? Did you know that chess is the oldest skill game in the world? But chess is more than just a game of skill.

It can tell you much about the way people lived in medieval times. If you look at the way a chess board is set up, then study the pieces and how they are used, you will realise that chess is a history of medieval times in miniature. The six different chess pieces on the board represent a cross section of medieval life with its many  ceremonies, grandeur, and wars.

Chess was played many centuries ago in China, India, and Persia. No one really knows for sure in which country it originated. Then, in the eighth century, armies of Arabs known as Moors invaded Persia. The Moors learned chess from the Persians. When the Moors later invaded Spain, the soldiers brought the game of chess with them. Soon the Spanish were playing chess, too. From Spain, chess quickly spread throughout all of Europe.

Europeans gave chess pieces the names we know today; they probably had trouble pronouncing and spelling the Persian names, so they modernized them to reflect the way they lived. Today, the names certainly aren’t modern but a thousand years ago they represented the very way in which both ordinary people and persons of rank lived their lives

The pawns on the chess board represent serfs, or labourers. There are more of them than any other piece on the board, and often they are sacrificed to save the more valuable pieces. In medieval times, serfs were considered no more than the property of landowners, or chattels. Life was brutally hard for serfs during this era of history. They worked hard and died young. They were often left unprotected while wars raged around them. They could be traded, used as a diversion, or even sacrificed to allow the landowners to escape harm.

The castle piece on a chess board is the home, or the refuge, just as it was a home in medieval times. In Chess, each side has two castles, or rooks, as they are sometimes called.

The knight on a chess board represents the professional soldier of medieval times whose job it was to protect persons of rank, and there are two of them per side in a game of chess. Knights in a game of chess are more important than pawns, but less important than bishops, kings, or queens. Their purpose in the game of chess is to protect the more important pieces, and they can be sacrificed to save those pieces just as pawns can.

There is a bishop in the game of chess, who represents the church. The Church was a rich and mighty force in medieval times, and religion played a large part in every person’s life. It is no wonder that a figure that represented the concept of religion found its way into the game. A bishop was the name for a priest in the Catholic church who had risen through the ranks to a more powerful position. In the game of chess, there are two bishops for each side.

The queen is the only piece on the board during a chess game that represents a woman, and she is the most powerful piece
of the game. There is only one queen for each side. Many people do not realize that queens in medieval times often held a powerful, yet precarious position. The king was often guided by her advice, and in many cases the queen played games of intrigue at court. But kings could set wives aside or even imprison them in nunneries with the approval of the church.

Many women schemed merely to hold their place at court. The machinations of queens working either for or against their kings are well noted in history throughout medieval times, and often the queen held more power than the king did.

The king is the tallest piece on the board, and is as well defended on the chessboard as in medieval life. In medieval times, the surrender of the king would mean the loss of the kingdom to invading armies and that could mean change for the worse. It was to everyone’s advantage, from the lowest serf to the highest-ranking official, to keep the king safe from harm. The king is the
most important, but not the most powerful piece in chess. If you do not protect your king, you lose the game.

The next time you set up your chessboard and get ready to play a friendly game or two, think of chess as a history lesson. The pieces on the board represent a way of life that is no more, and the real life dramas that occurred in medieval times are now only a game.
Answer :
No Question Asked.

Question 5.
On the basis of your reading of the extract on Chess, complete the following table with your partner.


Answer :

Question 6.
Below is some information about Jesse Owens, one of the most famous athletes of all times. His friend is planning to write his biography. Using information from the table, complete the biography. (The first gap has been completed for you, as an example.)

James Cleveland Owens (J.C. Owens) became famous as Jesse Owens

Jesse Owens was born in Alabama USA, in 1913. He was the youngest of ten children, and the family lived in a cramped shanty house. After the First World War, the family moved to Cleveland, where his school (1) __________________ his talents. He quickly became a local hero. Soon afterwards he gained a place not only at the Ohio State University, but also in the US Olympics team. On 25th May 1935, Jesse Owens performed athletics’ greatest feat when he (2) _______ at the Ohio state University Athletics Championships. A year later, at the Berlin Olympics, his greatness was confirmed; he (3) ______________________ for 100m, 200m, long jump and sprint relay. Because of his achievements in track and field events,1950 he (4) ________________.His last Olympic record (5) ____________________ only in 1960. This great athlete (6) _______ 1980.

Class discussion :
Is a biography written in a particular order of events? Which is the most common tense?
Answer :

1. recognised and developed
2. set six world records
3. won four gold medals
4. was voted the Greatest Track Athlete
5. was broken
6. died of lung cancer in

(i) Usually a biography is written in a particular order of events.
(ii) It is the simple past tense.

Question 7.
20 years from now, one of your class-mates becomes a famous sport-star. You have been asked to write his / her biography. Collect the necessary biographical details. Use your imagination to create his / her achievements in the sport concerned, and write the biography. Remember to write it in chronological order of events, and use the simple past tense as far as possible
Answer :
For self-attempt. Students can write on their own the biography in a chronological order. A sample answer is given below for their guidance.

Nitin Kumar, a talented sportsman

Who does not know the legendary Nitin Kumar ? He was born in a hut of poor parents in West Bengal on September 1,1978. He was the third son of eight children. His father was a worker in a Mill. Nitin was a gifted child. But he had a great liking for cricket. Playing it in the evening he had acquired some skill. The great cricketer Wankhede saw him playing the game one day. He, at once, saw that there was a player who could bring glory to the country in cricket. Impressed by Nitin’s playing, he met the President of the Board of Cricket Control. Nitin was admitted to a sports school at Kolkata. Kulanand, the coach, saw in him great qualities and a potential to shine in sports. He trained him with all the attention ; keeping in mind the international standards of the game.

Soon, the rigorous training of Kulanand bore rich fruits. Nitin was included in Indian Cricket Team visiting England in 1997. He took the maximum wickets in Test Matches there. He scored a century each in three one-dayers. In all, he took 16 wickets and was declared the Man of the Match.

In 2000, Nitin was made the Vice Captain of the Team. When captain Shamsher Singh could not participate in the World Cup, Nitin was entrusted with this responsibility. By dint of sheer hard work and dedication, Nitin and his team won the World Cup. His record of maximum wickets and runs is yet to be broken.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 1 Grandmaster Koneru Humpy Queen of 64 Squares help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 1 Grandmaster Koneru Humpy Queen of 64 Squares, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 4 Food Security in India

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 4 Food Security in India.

NCERT QUESTIONS

Exercises

Question 1.
How is food security ensured in India?
Answer:
Food security of a nation is ensured if all of its citizens have enough nutritious food available, all persons have the capacity to buy food of acceptable quality and there is no barrier to access to food.

Question 2.
Which are the people more prone to food insecurity?
Answer:
The people more prone to food insecurity are:

1. Landless people with little or no land to depend on.
2. Traditional artisans
3. Providers of traditional services, petty self-employed workers and destitutes, including beggars
4. Urban casual labourers engaged in seasonal activities.
5. The SCs, STs and some sections of the OBCs.
6. People affected by natural disasters.

Question 3.
Which states are more food insecure in India?
Answer:
The states of Uttar Pradesh (eastern and south-eastern parts), Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal, Chattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra account for the largest number of food-insecure people in the country.

Question 4.
Do you believe that Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains? How?
Answer:
Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains. The country has avoided famines even during adverse weather conditions since the advent of the Green Revolution in the early 1970s. A variety of crops being grown all over the country is an outcome of the Green Revolution.

Question 5.
A section of people in India is still without food. Explain.
Answer:
A section of the people is insecure during a few months when they remain unemployed because of the seasonal nature of agricultural work. They are engaged in seasonal activities and are paid very low wages that just ensure bare survival. At times it so happens that they have to stay without food.

Question 6.
What happens to the supply of food when there is a disaster or a calamity?
Answer:
When there is a disaster or a calamity, the production of food grains decreases in the affected areas. This in turn creates a shortage of food in the area. Due to the food shortages, the prices go up. The raised prices of food affect the capacity of many people to buy the same. When a calamity occurs in a very wide area or is stretched over a long period of time, it may cause a situation of starvation. Massive starvation can take the form of famine.

Question 7.
Differentiate between seasonal hunger and chronic hunger.
Answer:
Hunger has chronic and seasonal dimensions.
Chronic Hunger Seasonal Hunger Chronic hunger is a consequence of diets persistently inadequate in terms of quantity and/or quality. Seasonal hunger is related to cycles of food growing and harvesting. Poor people suffer from chronic hunger because of their very low income and in turn inability to buy food even for survival. This is prevalent in rural areas because of the seasonal nature of agricultural activities and in urban areas because of casual labour.

Question 8.
What has our government done to provide food security to the poor? Discuss any two schemes launched by the government.
Answer:
The government has designed the food security system carefully to ensure the availability of food to all sections of society. The system is composed of two componfents, i.e.,

1.  Buffer Stock
2. Public Distribution System (PDS)

In addition to the above, the government has launched several Poverty Alleviation Programmes (PAPs) that comprise a component of food security. Some of these programmes are Mid-day Meals, Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY), and Food For Work (FFW).

The two schemes launched by the government in this direction are:

1. Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY). This scheme was launched in December 2000. Under this scheme, one crore of the poorer among the BPL families, to be covered by the Public Distribution System, were identified. Twenty-five kilograms of food grains were made available to each of the – eligible families at a highly subsidized rate. After about two years, the quantity was enhanced from twenty-five kg to thirty-five kg. In June 2003 and August 2004, an additional fifty lakh families were added to this scheme twice. In this way, about two crore families have been brought under the AAY.
2. Annapurna Scheme (APS). It was launched in 2,000 with a special target group of ‘indigent senior citizens’. The functioning of the scheme was linked with the existing network of the PDS. Under this scheme, 10 kg of food grains were made available to them free of cost.

Question 9.
Why buffer stock is created by the government?
Answer:
Buffer stock is created by the government to ensure the availability of food to all the sections of society. It helps to resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during periods of calamity.

Question 10.
Write notes on:
(a) Minimum Support Price
(b) Buffer Stock
(c) Issue Price
(d) Fair Price Shops
Answer:
(a) Minimum Support Price. This is the pre-announced price at which the government purchases food grains particularly, wheat and rice, from the farmers to create a buffer stock. This price is announced by the government every year before the sowing season as an incentive to the farmers to raise the production of the desired crop. The rising MSPs have raised the maintenance cost of procuring food grains by the government as well as induced farmers to divert land from the production of coarse grains to the production of these crops.

(b) Buffer Stock. It is the stock of food grains, particularly wheat and rice, which the government procures through the Food Corporation of India (FCI). The FCI purchases these cereals directly from the farmers of those states where they are in surplus. The price of these commodities are announced much before the actual sowing season of these crops. The food grains thus purchased by the FCI are kept in big granaries and called ‘Buffer Stock’.

(c) Issue Price. In order to help the poor strata of the society, the government provides them food grains from the buffer stock at a price much lower than the market price. This subsidised price is known as the ‘Issue Price’.

(d) Fair Price Shops. The food grains procured by the government through the Food Corporation of India are distributed among the poorer sections of the society through ration shops. These are called ‘Fair Price Shops’ because food grains are supplied to the poor through these shops at a price lower than the market price, which is often high.

Question 11.
What are the problems with the functioning of ration shops?
Answer:
Out of Syllabus.

Question 12.
Write a note on the role of co-operatives in providing food and related items.
Answer:
The cooperatives are also playing an important role in food security in India especially in the southern and western parts of the country. The cooperative societies set up shops to sell low priced goods to poor people. For example, out of all fair price shops running in Tamil Nadu, around 94 percent are being run by the cooperatives.

Hope given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 4 are helpful to complete your homework.

If you have any doubts, please comment below. Learn Insta try to provide online tutoring for you.