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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 7 The Necklace are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 7 The Necklace.

The Necklace Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 7 Questions and Answers

The Necklace Class 10 English Textual Exercises Questions and Answers

Read and Find Out (Pages 39, 41 & 42)

Question 1.
What kind of a person is Mme Loisel—why is she always unhappy ? (V. Imp.)
Or
Why was Matilda always unhappy ? (CBSE 2015, 2016)
Answer:
Matilda had a romantic nature. She was lost in dreams. Matilda was unhappy because she had no dowry. She had no hope, no means of becoming known. She was pretty. She wanted to be known and loved by rich men. But she was born in a poor family.

Question 2.
What kind of a person is her husband ?
Answer:
Her husband is a very simple-hearted person. He is an ordinary person. He is a caring husband. He wants to see Mme Loisel happy.

Question 3.
What fresh problem now disturbs Mme Loisel ?
Answer:
The fresh problem is : Mme Loisel doesn’t have a pretty and proper dress for the party.

Question 4.
How is the problem solved ?
Answer:
The problem is solved when her husband gives her four hundred francs. It is to buy a pretty dress for the said party.

Question 5.
What do M. and Mme Loisel do next ?
Answer:
M. and Mme Loisel decide to borrow a diamond necklace. It is from her friend Mme Forestier.

Question 6.
How do they replace the necklace ?
Answer:
They borrow money. They shift to a cheap house. They save every sou possible. Mme Loisel does all her work herself. They buy a new real diamond necklace to replace the lost one which is fake.

Think About It (Page 46)

Question 1.
The course of the Loisels’ life changed due to the necklace. Comment.
Answer:
It is true that the course of the Loisels’ life changed due to the necklace. After the loss of the necklace, the Loisels shifted to a cheap house. Mme Loisel started doing all work herself. She went to buy things. She haggled for the last sou. She wore ordinary clothes. Her husband worked evenings. He copied at five sous a page. They somehow saved every sou. This life of hardships went on for ten years.

Question 2.
What was the cause of Matilda’s ruin ? How could she have avoided it ?
Or
What was the cause of Matilda’s ruin ? (CBSE 2015)
Answer:
The cause of Matilda’s ruin was her great love for her dreams. She dreamt to be loved by rich men. She wanted to be known as she was pretty. But in reality she was from an ordinary family.

She could have avoided it if she had not always remained in her dreamy world. She should have seen the realities of life also. The dreamy world can’t be the real one.

Question 3.
What would have happened to Matilda if she had confessed to her friend that she had lost her necklace ? (V. Imp.)
Answer:
It could have changed her life. She could not have seen the day of want and misery. She was the woman of the people. She grew old in her youth. She suffered a lot due to the harsh life of want. If she had confessed before Mme Forestier, she could have been excused. It was because the lost necklace was a fake one.

Question 4.
If you were caught in a situation like this, how would you have dealt with it?
Answer:
First of all, I would not have given much importance to dreams. For me dreams are alway deceptive. I would have cared much for the realities of life.

If I were caught in such a situation, I could have confessed before Mme Forestier at once. I could have done whatever she had asked me to do.

Talk About It

Question 1.
The characters in this story speak in English. Do you think this is their language ? What clues are there in the story about the language its characters must be speaking in ?
Answer:
The characters in this story speak in English. But this is not their language. There are many clues in the story that show this. The characters speak French because the story was originally written in French. It is translated into English. These clues are :

• names of characters : Mme Loisel, Mme Forestier, minister’s name is George Ramponneau
• currency : franc, sou
• shop’s location : Palais-Royal
• walk in the Champs Elysees

Question 2.
Honesty is the best policy.
Answer:
Honesty is really the best policy. If a man is honest, he will not do anything wrong. Any wrong thing has a harmful effect. Honesty always pays in the end. We should recognise that dishonesty and deception never pay. They cause troubles to others. To give troubles to others due to our selfishness is very bad. We should learn to be content within our means.

Question 3.
We should be content with what life gives us.
Answer:
It is a great virtue that we should be content with what life gives us. Life doesn’t give equal to all people. Some are bom great, some are born in poverty. We should not overlook the fact that life is different for different people.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 7 The Necklace help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 7 The Necklace drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource.

NCERT QUESTIONS

Exercises

Question 1.
What do you understand by ‘people as a resource’?
Answer:
People as a resource is a way of referring to a country’s working people in terms of their existing productive skills and abilities.

Question 2.
How is human resource different from other resources like land and physical capital?
Answer:
Human capital is in one-way superior to other resources like land and physical capital: human resource can make use of land and physical capital. Land and physical capital cannot become useful on its own.

Question 3.
What is the role of education in human capital formation?
Answer:
The role of education in human capital formation is as follows:

1. Educated people earn more than the uneducated people.
2. Literate population is an asset to an economy.
3. It leads to higher productivity.
4. It opens new avenues for a person.
5. It provides new aspirations and develops values of life.
6. It contributes to the growth of society.
7. It enhances the national income, cultural richness and the efficiency of the governance.

Question 4.
What is the role of health in human capital formation?
Answer:
The health of a person helps him to realise his potential and the ability to fight illness. An unhealthy person becomes a liability for an organisation. Health is an indispensable basis for realising one’s well being. Henceforth, improvement in the health status of the population has been the priority of the country. Our national policy, too, aimed at improving the accessibility of healthcare, family welfare, and nutritional service with a special focus on the underprivileged segment of the population.

Question 5.
What part does health play in the individual’s working life?
Answer:
Health plays a vital role in an individual’s working life since no firm would be induced to employ people who might not work efficiently as healthy workers because of ill health and not only that, people who are physically or mentally ill cannot work.

Question 6.
What are the various activities undertaken in the primary sector, secondary sector and tertiary sector?
Answer:
The various activities undertaken in these sectors are:

1. Primary sector: Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishing, poultry farming, and mining.
2. Secondary sector: Manufacturing and construction.
3. Tertiary sector: Trade, transport, communication, banking, education, health, tourism services insurance, etc.

Question 7.
What is the difference between economic activities and non-economic activities?
Answer:

Question 8.
Why are women employed in low paid work?
Answer:
Education and skill are the two determinants of the earning of any individual in the market. The women work in places where there is no job security. The various activities relating to legal protection are meagre. The majority of women has less education and low skill formation. All these factors lead to their irregular and low income. So, they are paid less as compared to men.

Question 9.
How will you explain the term unemployment?
Answer:
The term unemployment means a situation where a section of the people, who are able and willing to work, do not find any gainful work to do.

Question 10.
What is the difference between disguised unemployment and seasonal unemployment?
Answer:
Disguised UnEmployment Seasonal UnEmployment In case of disguised unemployment people appear to be employed. Seasonal unemployment happens when people are not able to find jobs during some months of the year. They have an agricultural plot where they find work. This usually happens among family members engaged in agricultural activity. People dependent upon agriculture usually face such kind of problem. The work requires the service of five people but engages eight people.

There are certain busy seasons when sowing, harvesting, weeding, threshing is done. Three people are extra. These three people also work in the same plot as five people.The contribution made by the three extra people does not add to the contribution made by the five people.If three people are removed the productivity of the field will not decline.The field requires the service of five people and the three extra people are disguisedly employed. Certain months do not provide much work to the people dependant on agriculture.

Question 11.
Why is educated unemployed a peculiar problem in India?
Answer:
Educated unemployed is a peculiar problem of India because they are not able to find jobs for themselves. This is a situation where the unemployment of graduates and post-graduates has increased faster than among the matriculates. A paradoxical situation is witnessed as there is surplus manpower in certain categories with a shortage of manpower in others. There is unemployment among technically qualified persons on one hand, while there are categories of technical skills required for economic growth. Thus, it is a peculiar problem in India.

Question 12.
In which field, do you think, India can build maximum employment opportunities?
Answer:
There is no further scope in the primary sector because there is already disguised unemployment. In the secondary sector, small scale manufacturing is the most labour absorbing sector. In the case of the tertiary sector, various new services like biotechnology and information technology are coming up and there is scope for further employment opportunities.

Question 13.
Can you suggest some measures in the education system to mitigate the problem of educated unemployed?
Answer:
Sriperambathur, Nanganneri, Koodangulam, etc. are some of the villages which did not have job opportunities earlier but later came up.

Question 14.
Can you imagine some village which initially had no job opportunities but later came up with many?
Answer:
Rampur was the village which initially depended on agriculture and on rainfall. Then, when electricity was provided, the people started using electricity to irrigate their fields and grow 2 to 3 crops in a year to get more work.

Some started small scale industries based on the use of electricity and provide employment to people. A school was established so that the people became educated and started getting employment in and outside the village. The village became prosperous and soon had better health, education, transport, and job facilities.

Question 15.
Which capital would you consider the best—land, labour, physical capital, and human capital? Why?
Answer:
Human capital is the best capital because it can make use of land, labour, and physical capital. The other factors cannot become useful on their own. The knowledge expertise in a human enables him to develop the land, labour, and physical capital to produce an output for his own use or to sell in the market.

Hope given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 are helpful to complete your homework.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 The Story of Village Palampur

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 The Story of Village Palampur.

NCERT QUESTIONS

Exercises

Question 1.
Every village in India is surveyed once in ten years during the Census and some of details are presented in the following format. Fill up the following based on information on Palampur.
(a) Location:
(b) Total area of the village:
(c) Land use (in hectares):

(d) Facilities:

Answer:
(a) Location: 3 kms away from Raiganj (a big village) and further on to the nearest small town of Shahpur.
(b) Total area of the village: 226 hectares
(c)

(d) Facilities:

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics will help you to score more marks in your CBSE board Examination.

Question 2.
Modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in industry. Do you agree?
Answer:
Yes, I agree that modern farming methods require more inputs than traditional farming. It requires inputs like chemical fertilizers, pesticides, pump sets, farm machinery, electricity, high yielding varieties of seeds, and water supply. Most of these outputs are manufactured in industries. Similarly, water supply is provided by canals and tanks.

Question 3.
How did the spread of electricity help farmers of Palampur?
Answer:
Electricity came early to Palampur. Its major impact was to transform the system of irrigation. In Palampur, electricity powers all the tube wells in the fields and is used in various types of small businesses. People say that the electric-run tubewells could irrigate much more than the ordinary ones.

Question 4.
Is it important to increase the area under irrigation? Why?
Answer:
Yes, it is important to increase the area under irrigation because if a country has to increase its production it has to increase the irrigational area.

Question 5.
Construct a table on the distribution of land among the 450 families of Palampur.
Answer:
Distribution of land among 450 families of Palampur is as follows:

Question 6.
Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum wages?
Answer:
The wages for farm labourers in Palampur are less than the minimum wages because:

1. There is heavy competition for work among the farmers.
2. Employment is less and farmers are more and, therefore, farmers have to be content with what they are earning.
3. Land is owned by landlords who desire to earn more and more profit by giving minimum wages.
4. The farmers are illiterate and unaware of the amount of minimum wages set by the government.

Question 7.
In your region, talk to two labourers. Choose either farm labourers or labourers working at construction sites. What wages do they get? Are they paid in cash or kind? Do they get work regularly? Are they in debt?
Answer:
To be attempted by the students themselves.

Question 8.
What are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land? Use examples to explain.
Answer:
The land area under cultivation is practically fixed so in order to increase the production from a same piece of land, we can use the following methods:

Multiple cropping. It is the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land. It means when two or more crops are grown on the same piece of land during a year, i.e., Indian farmers should grow at least two main crops in a year. In India, some farmers are growing third crop also over the past 20 years such as in Palampur jowar and bajra are grown and potato is the third crop.

Modern farming methods. Production on the same piece of land can also be increased by adopting modern farming methods. The Green Revolution in India is a remarkable example of it. Under modern farming, more cultivable area should be brought under high yielding varieties of seeds and irrigation. The use of simple wooden plough must be replaced by tractors and with increased use of farm machinery such as tractors, threshers and harvesters, make cultivation faster and also help in increasing yield per hectare.

Question 9.
Describe the work of a farmer with 1 hectare of land.
Answer:
A farmer who works on 1 hectare of land is called a small farmer. He carries out the following activities:

1. Ploughs the field by bullocks or tractors
2. Sows the seeds by simply sprinkling by hands
3. Waters the field with the help of a Persian wheel
4. Sprays the insecticides by manual pumps
5. Cuts the crops by hand-operated tools

Question 10.
How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming? How is it different from the small farmers?
Answer:
All farmers require capital during production. They require fixed as well as working capital. The medium and large farmers have their own savings from farming. They are able to arrange for their own capital. They sell their surplus in the market. A part of this is saved and the rest is used to buy machinery and other raw materials or lend it to the small farmers to make more profit.

Whereas small farmers have to borrow money to arrange for capital. They borrow from large farmers, moneylenders and traders who supply them various inputs for cultivation. They are charged very high rate of interest by these moneylenders and traders or even the large farmers.

Question 11.
On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tejpal Singh? Would Savita’s condition be different if she could get a loan from the bank at a low rate of interest?
Answer:
The terms of loan of Savita taken from Tejpal Singh are:

1.  She took loan of ₹ 3.000 at an interest rate of 24 percent.
2. She would have to repay the loan in four months.
3. She also has to work on Tejpal’s field as a farm labourer during the harvesting season at ₹ 35 per day.

The bank could have provided her loan at a low rate of interest. In addition, she would have devoted more time to her own field of 1 hectare, instead of working as a farm labourer for Tejpal Singh.

Question 12.
Talk to some old residents of your region and write a short report on the changes in irrigation and changes in production methods during the last 30 years.
Answer:
To be attempted by the students themselves.

Question 13.
What are the non-farm production activities taking place in your region? Make a shortlist.
Answer:
To be attempted by the students themselves.

Question 14.
What can be done so that more non-farm activities can be started in villages?
Answer:
At present, there are not so many farm activities in the villages. Out of every 100 workers in rural areas of India, only 24 workers are engaged in non-farm activities.
The steps that can be taken are:

1. Supply of electricity in villages needs to be improved. This will encourage the establishment of small-scale industries.
2. More villages should be connected to the towns and cities, through all-weather road transport
   and telephonic systems.
3. The villages should have markets where goods and services produced can be sold such as in Palampur, neighbouring towns and cities provide markets for milk, jaggery, and wheat.

Hope given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 are helpful to complete your homework.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 6)

Think About It

Question 1.
What are the things the child sees on his way to the fair ? Why does he lag behind ? (CBSE)
Answer:
On his way to the fair the child sees the flowering mustard fields and dragon-flies. He also sees little insects and worms. He sees doves also. They flew to the banyan tree. He goes near them to get one. So he lags behind.

Question 2.
In the fair he wants many things. What are they ? Why does he move on without waiting for an answer ?
Or
In the fair the child wanted many things. What are they ? (CBSE)
Or
Enlist the things the boy asked his parents to buy for him. (CBSE 2017)
Answer:
The child sees many things and wants them. These are : “gulab-jamun, rasogulla, burfi, jalebi”, a garland ofgulmohur and balloons. He also wants to ride a merry-go-round. He moves on without waiting for an answer. He knows his parents won’t buy any of these for him. So he goes ahead.

Question 3.
When does he realise that he has lost his way ? How have his anxiety and insecurity been described ?
Answer:
He realises this when he says that he wants to ride in a merry-go-round. He looks for his parents but there is no reply. He realises that he has been lost. His anxiety and insecurity are described in his weeping greatly. He is wailing calling ‘Mother ! Father !’ This anxiety is also seen in his clothes getting muddy.

Question 4.
Why does the lost child lose interest in the things that he had wanted earlier ?
Answer:
The child was with his parents. He was happy. He had interest in many things. These were a toy, balloon, burfi, etc. But he is without his parents now. He is a lost child. So these things have no interest for him. He simply wants his parents.

Question 5.
What do you think happens in the end ? Does the child find his parents ?
Answer:
The end of the chapter shows nothing. It may mean that the child has found his parents. However, in such circumstances, a child is often found out by his parents. It is a village fair. In the countryside, kidnapping etc, does not take place. It is possible that the police might have restored the child to his parents.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Moments Chapter 1 The Lost Child, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Extra Questions People as Resource Pdf free download are part of Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science SST Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource.

You can also practice NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Questions and Answers on LearnInsta.com.

Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Extra Questions and Answers People as Resource

SOLVED QUESTION BANK

Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark]

Question 1.
What is people as a resource?
Answer:
People as a resource means people are an asset rather than a liability, i.e., the work population of a country.

Question 2.
When does population becomes human capital?
Answer:
Population becomes human capital when investment is made in the form of education, training and medical care. It adds up to the productive power of a country.

Question 3.
What is the positive side of a large population?
Answer:
A large population, from productive aspect, contributes to Gross National Product.

You can also Download NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science PDF to help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Question 4.
What is human capital? [CBSE2011]
Answer:
When investment is made in the form of education, training and medical care, the quality of population improves and becomes a great asset. It is known as human capital.

Question 5.
How can investment be made in humans?
Answer:
Investment can be made in humans by means of education, training and provision of health care facilities.

Question 6.
How does the society benefit from investment in humans?
Answer:
The benefit of society from investment in humans is an indirect way that is the benefits of educated and healthier population spreads to those who are not educated or healthy.

Question 7.
How is human capital superior to other resources?
Answer:
Human capital is superior to other resources because other resources can be developed only by human beings with their skills and knowledge. They can not be developed and become useful on their own.

Question 8.
Why do educated parents invest heavily in the education of their children?
Answer:
Educated parents invest more in the health and education of their children because they are aware of the benefits of higher education.

Question 9.
How illiterate parents create a vicious cycle for their children?
Answer:
Illiterate parents who are not aware of the advantages of education and hygiene, deprive their children of these which in turn results in their children falling in the trap of a vicious circle.

Question 10.
What are different types of primary activities?
Answer:
Primary activities include agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, mining, quarrying and poultry farming etc.

Question 11.
What are tertiary activities?
Answer:
Tertiary activities include services like education, health, communication, banking, trade, transport, tourism, insurance etc. These services help in the smooth functioning of primary and secondary activities.

Question 12.
A person is making envelopes with the help of paper. In which sector should his activity be included? [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
Secondary sector

Question 13.
What are economic activities?
Answer:
The activities which help to earn money for the country or add value to the national income are known as economic activities.

Question 14.
What are non-economic activities?
Answer:
Non-economic activities are those activities which do not add to the national income such as an individual performing domestic chores.

Question 15.
Define market activities.
Answer:
Market activities are those activities for which the people, who perform these activities, are paid or have profits such as production of goods and services.

Question 16.
What are non-market activities?
Answer:
Non-market activities are those activities which are carried out for self-consumption such as consumption and processing of primary products and own account production of fixed assets.

Question 17.
In which case women get paid for their work?
Answer:
Women are paid for their work when they enter into the labour market.

Question 18.
What are the major determinants of earnings?
Answer:
Education and skill are the two major determinants of earnings.

Question 19.
What is an unorganised sector?
Answer:
It is a sector where the income of people is low and irregular. The basic facilities such as maternity leave, childcare and other social security systems are also absent in an unorganised sector.

Question 20.
What kinds of jobs in the organised sector attract women?
Answer:
In the organised sector, teaching and medicine attract the women most.

Question 21.
Mention two factors on which quality of population depends.
Answer:
The two factors are the literacy rate and the health of a person indicated by life expectancy and skill formation of the people.

Question 22.
Which factor decides the growth rate of a country?
Answer:
The growth rate of a country is decided by the quality of population.

Question 23.
How is education useful to an individual?
Answer:
Education is useful in making better use of the economic opportunities available to an individual.

Question 24.
What are Navodaya Vidyalayas?
Answer:
Navodaya Vidyalayas are the schools started for the talented children in the rural areas.

Question 25.
Why have vocational streams been developed?
Answer:
Vocational streams have been developed to equip large number of high school students with occupations related to knowledge and skills.

Question 26.
Mention the literacy rates of population in 1951 and 2010-11.
Answer:
18% in 1951 and 74% in 2010-11.

Question 27.
What differences have been noted in literacy among different sections of the society and states?
Answer:
The differences are higher between males and females, more in urban areas than rural areas and higher in Kerala than Bihar.

Question 28.
Even though primary schools have expanded largely in villages, mention the reasons for their diluted result?
Answer:
The poor quality of schooling and high dropout rates are the reasons for their diluted results.

Question 29.
What do you know about Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan?
Answer:
It is a significant step towards providing elementary education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years by 2010.

Question 30.
What is the main aim of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan?
Answer:
It is a time-bound initiative of the central government in partnership with the states, the local government and the community for achieving the goals of universalisation of elementary education.

Question 31.
Why have mid-day meal scheme been launched by the government in the schools?
Answer:
Mid-day meal scheme has been launched by the government in schools to encourage attendance and retention of children and to improve their nutritional status.

Question 32.
What are the strategies adopted in the 12th plan for education and literacy?
Answer:
The strategies include increasing access, quality, adoption of states-specific curriculum modification, vocationalisation and networking on the use of information technology. It is also focussed on convergence of formal, non-formal, distance and IT education institutions.

Question 33.
Mention two things necessary for good health.
Answer:
The two things which are necessary for good health are:

1. Balanced and nutritious diet
2. Health care facilities

Question 34.
What is the aim of National Health Policy of India?
Answer:
The National Health Policy aims at improving the accessibility of healthcare, family welfare and nutritional services with special focus on the underprivileged segment of the population.

Question 35.
What is infant mortality rate? [CBSE 20151
Answer:
The infant mortality rate (IMR) refers to the number of deaths of infants per thousand live births before completing one year.

Question 36.
What do you mean by birth rate?
Answer:
The birth rate is the total number of live births per 1,000 people during a particular period of time.

Question 37.
Define death rate.
Answer:
The death rate is the total number of people dying per 1,000 people during a particular period of time.

Question 38.
What are the two indicators for assessing the future of a country?
Answer:
The two indicators for assessing the future of a country are increase in life expectancy and improvement in childcare.

Question 39.
How many medical colleges and dental colleges are in India?
Answer:
There are 381 medical colleges in the country and 301 dental colleges.

Question 40.
What do you mean by the term ‘unemployment’?
Answer:
It is a situation when people, who are willing to work at the existing wages, are not able to find jobs for themselves.

Question 41.
How does rural areas differ from urban areas in terms of unemployment?
Answer:
In rural areas, there is seasonal and disguised unemployment whereas in urban areas, there is educated unemployment.

Question 42.
What is meant by seasonal unemployment? [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
It is a situation when people are not able to find jobs during the particular months of a year especially in agriculture.

Question 43.
What is disguised unemployment?
Answer:
It is a situation when people appear to be employed but in reality they are not such as in agriculture if five people are working but only three are required, then two people are disguised unemployed.

Question 44.
What is educated unemployment?
Answer:
It means unemployment among the educated people. It usually occurs in cities where there are educated or skilled people but no job opportunities.

Question 45.
Mention two consequences of unemployment.
Answer:
The two consequences of unemployment are:

1. It leads to wastage of manpower resources.
2. It tends to increase in economic overload.

Question 46.
‘Unemployment rate is low in India.’ Why? [HOTS]
Answer:
In India, the unemployment rate is low because large number of people with low income and productivity are counted as employed.

Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks]

Question 47.
Define Human capital and human capital formation. Name any two sources of human capital formation.
Answer:
When investment is made in the form of education, training and medical care, the quality of population improves and becomes a great asset. It is known as human capital.

When the investment is made in the existing human resource for further development by becoming more educated and healthy is termed as human capital farmatipn.

The two sources of human capital formation are education and health.

Question 48.
Mention three sectors of economic activities with examples. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The three sectors of economic activities are:

1. Primary sector. It produces goods by exploiting natural resources. It includes agriculture, forestry, mining, animal husbandry and fishing.
2. Secondary sector. It converts all raw material into finished goods such as manufacturing industries and construction activities.
3. Tertiary sector. It includes trade, transportation, communication, education, health, tourism and insurance etc. It helps in the smooth functioning of primary and secondary sectors.

Question 49.
Define economic activities. Highlight the two types of economic activities. [CBSE 2014]
                                                                    Or
What is an economic activity? What are the different types of economic activities? [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Economic activities are those activities which add value to the national income. The two types of economic activities are:

1. Market activities. These are those activities which involve remuneration to those who perform the activities for wages or profit.
2. Non-market activities. These activities refer to production activities which are performed for self-consumption and processing of primary products and own account production of fixed assets.

Question 50.
Distinguish between market and non-market activities with three points of distinction.
Answer:

 
Question 51.
How are the children of educated parents are different from those of uneducated ones?
Answer:

Question 52.
Mention any three features of National Health Policy. [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
The three features of National Health Policy are:

1. It aims at improving the accessibility of healthcare and family welfare.
2. It aims at improving the nutritional services with special focus on under-privileged segment of the population.
3. It has improved the ratio of nurses, doctors and beds in the country.

Question 53.
What is the health status of the population in India?
Answer:

1. India has built a vast health infrastructure and has also developed the manpower required at primary, secondary and tertiary sector in government, as well as, in the private sector.
2. Life expectancy have been increased to over 68.3 years in 2014.
3. Infant mortality rate has come down from 147 in 1951 to 37 in 2015.
4. Crude birth rates have dropped to 20.8 and death rates to 6.5 within the same duration of time.

Question 54.
Why is health of people a matter of major concern for the Indian government?
Answer:
Health is an important determinant of the quality of production and in turn affects the overall growth and development of a country. In spite of improvement in health, medical facilities, decline in infant mortality rate etc. it continues to remain a matter of concern because:

1. Safe drinking water and basic amenities are still only available to one-third of the rural population.
2. The per capita calories consumption is still much below the recommended levels.

Question 55.
“Unemployment leads to low income and low savings and hence low demand and low production. This is the identification of a depressed economy.” Support the statement with three arguments.
[CBSE 2016; HOTS]
Answer:
Unemployment has negative effects on the economic development of a country in the following ways

1. It is a wastage of manpower resource. It increases the economic overload and the number of dependent on population.
2. The quality of life of an individual as well as the society is adversely affected. There is a feeling of hopelessness among the youth.
3. The time period lost in the unemployment is an irrecoverable loss. It is the loss of productive period and the loss can not be compensated.

Thus, increase in unemployment is an indicator of a depressed economy.

Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks]

Question 56.
In what way is human capital superior to other sources like physical capital? How a large population is turned into a productive asset? Explain. [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
Human capital is superior to other sources like physical capital as it can make use of other sources like land and physical capital. Human capital can develop land and physical capital according to his skill and education because they could not develop on their own.
A large population is turned into a productive asset by the following ways:

1. Proper investment in developing skills.
2. Emphasis on academic and vocational aspects of students.
3. Making available opportunities accessible to large section of people like technological know how.

Question 57.
Describe the employment scenario in the three sectors of the economy in India in recent years. [CBSE 2013] [HOTS]
Answer:
Agriculture is the most labour absorbing absorbing sector sector of the economy. In recent years, there has been a decline in the dependence of population on agriculture partly because of disguised unemployment. Some of the surplus labour in agriculture has moved to secondary or tertiary sectors. Small-scale manufacturing is the most labour absorbing sector in secondary sector. The tertiary sector has seen a remarkable improvement in its employment in recent years. In this sector, various new services are now appearing such as biotechnology, information technology and so on.

Question 58.
Analyse the role of education in the formation of human capital formation. [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
The role of education in human capital formation is as follows:

1. Educated people earn more than the uneducated people.
2. Literate population is an asset to an economy.
3. It leads to higher productivity.
4. It opens new avenues for a person.
5. It provides new aspirations and develops values of life. if) It contributes to the growth of society.
6. It enhances the national income, cultural richness and the efficiency of the governance.

Question 59.
Describe five main features of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
The five main features of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan are:

1. It is a significant step towards providing elementary education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years.
2. It is a time-bound initiative of the central government, in partnership with the states, the local government and the community for attaining the goal of universalisation of elementary education.
3. In this, bridge courses and back-to-school camps have been introduced to increase the enrolment in elementary education.
4. Mid-day meal scheme has been introduced to encourage attendance in schools and increase their nutritional status.
5. These type of polices of the government could add to the literate minds and further the economic development.

Question 60.
Describe the policy of government on higher education as per 12th Five Year Plan.
Answer:
The policy of the Indian government under the 12th Five Year Plan is as follows:

1. It focusses on improving the education sector.
2. It focusses on increasing access, quality and adoption of state-specific curriculum, modification, vocationalisation and networking on the use of information technology.
3. It focusses on distance education, convergence of formal and non-formal distance and IT education institutions.
4. It aims at reducing gender gaps in literacy and to increase the literacy rates within the time period.
5. It aims at increasing the enrolment in higher education of 18 to 23 years age to 25.2% by 2017-18 and to reach the target of 30% by 2020-21.

Question 61.
Why will a firm not like to employ a worker with ill-health? How does it affect the working environment? [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
A firm will not like to employ an ill-healthy worker because:

1. An unhealthy worker would not be able to contribute to the overall productivity of an organisation.
2. An unhealthy worker is a liability rather than an asset for an organisation.
3. An unhealthy worker cannot contribute to the growth of the organisation.
4. An unhealthy worker does not work regularly and remains on leaves due to sickness.
5. It creates a gloomy atmosphere in the surroundings.

Question 62.
Describe different types of unemployment found in India. [CBSE 2016]
Answer:
The different types of unemployment found in India are:

1. Disguised unemployment. This is the phenomenon where too many workers are working in a specific job. It happens in small agricultural farms where the whole family is working on the same farm but so many workers are not required to cultivate the farm efficiently.
2. Seasonal unemployment. It occurs when workers can find work in a specific season. For example, agricultural workers may find work only during busy agricultural seasons when sowing, harvesting, weeding and threshing are done.
3. Educated unemployment. This type of unemployment is common in urban areas. There is unemployment among the educated and technically skilled workers because they are not able to find the jobs for themselves.

Question 63.
Explain any five effects of unemployment on the overall growth of the economy. [CBSE 2014]
                                                             Or
How does unemployment affect the overall growth of an economy?
Answer:
The five effects of unemployment on the overall growth of an economy are:

1. It leads to wastage of manpower resource.
2. The people who are an asset become a liability.
3. It creates a feeling of hopelessness and despair among the young people. ‘
4. It increases economic overload, i.e., the dependence of unemployed on the working population.
5. The quality of life of an individual gets affected.

Hope given Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 are helpful to complete your homework.

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