Murali

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

IMAGINE
You are present in an election for a sabha. Describe what you see and hear. To be done by students themselves,
Hints:

• All candidates were landowners well versed in administration.
• Age group 35-70.
• Talking about Vedas and scriptures.

LET’S RECALL

Question 1.
Match the following:
Gurjara-Pratiharas                    Western Deccan
Rashtrakutas                                  Bengal
Palas                                     Gujarat and Rajasthan
Cholas                                            Tamil Nadu
Answer.
Guijara-Pratiharas                      Gujarat and Rajasthan
Rashtrakutas                                Western Deccan
Palas                                                  Bengal
Cholas                                              Tamil Nadu

Question 2.
Who were the parties involved in the “tripartite struggle”?
Answer.
Parties involved in the “tripartite struggle”

1. Guijara-Pratiharas
2. Rashtrakutas
3. Palas.

Question 3.
What were the qualifications necessary to become a member of a committee of the sabha in the Chola Empire?
Answer.
According to the Uttaramerur inscription, the following qualifications were necessary to become a member of a committee of the sabha in the Chola Empire:

1. A person should own land from which revenue was collected.
2. He should have been their own home.
3. He needed between 35 and 70 years of age.
4. He should have been knowledgeable of Vedas.
5. He required to be well-versed in administrative matters and honest.
6. If anyone had been a member of any committee in the last three years, he could not have become a member of another committee.
7. Anyone who had not submitted his accounts, and those of his relatives, could not have contested the elections.

Question 4.
What were the two major cities under the control of the Chahamanas?
Answer.
The two cities under the control of the Chahamanas:

• Delhi.
• Ajmer.

LET’S UNDERSTAND

Question 5.
How did the Rashtrakutas become powerful?
Answer.
It was during the seventh century that the kings acknowledged the big landlords as their subordinates or samantas. The samantas were expected to bring gifts and provide military support to their kings. In due course they gained power and wealth. They declared themselves to be maha-samantas, maha- mandaleshvar (the great lord of a circle or region) and so on.

Rashtrakutas were one of them who were initially the subordinates of the Chalukyas in Deccan. In the mid-eighth century, Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, performed a ritual hiranya-garbha and overthrew the Chalukya overlord. After the ritual was over he was reborn as Kshatriya, even if he was not by birth.

Question 6.
What did the new dynasties do to gain acceptance?
Answer.
The new dynasties performed holy rituals with the help of Brahmanas in order to gain acceptance. For example, hiranya-garbha ritual performed by low caste Dantidurga, the Rashtrakuta chief.

Question 7.
What kind of irrigation works were developed in the Tamil region?
Answer.
During the fifth or sixth century the area of Tamil Nadu was opened up for large-scale cultivation. For irrigation, a variety of new methods were discovered. In many areas, wells were dug. Hugh tanks were constructed for rainwater storage.

Question 8.
What were the activities associated with Chola temples?
Answer.
The following activities were associated with the Chola temples :

1. Temples were nuclei of settlements which grew around them.
2. The temples were centres of craft production.
3. The produce of the land owned by the temple (granted to the temple by kings) went into maintaining—priests, garland makers, cooks, sweepers, musicians, dancers, etc.
4. Temples were the places of social, economic, cultural, and religious activities.
5. Bronze images were also made in Chola temples.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 9.
Look at Map 1 once more and find out whether there were any kingdoms in the state in which you live.
Answer.
Yes.
Different answers for students living in different states. Some examples:
West Bengal                       →   Palas
Orissa                                 →   Utkalas, Gangas, Kalinga
Tamil Nadu                        →   Cholas, Pandyas
Kerala                                →    Cheras
Maharashtra & Karnataka →   Rashtrakutas
Gujarat                              →   Andhra
Rajasthan                          →   Chahamanas

Question 10.
Contrast the ‘elections’ in Uttaramerur with present-day panchayat elections.
Answer.
The present-day panchayat elections do not use the lottery system to elect the members of panchayat as was done in the Chola Empire.

LET’S DO

Question 11.
Compare the temple shown in this chapter (of your textbook) with any present-day temple in your neighbourhood, highlighting any similarities and differences that you notice.
Answer.
Comparison between temples shown the chapter and present-day temples in our in neighbourhood.

Question 12.
Find out more about taxes that are collected at present. Are these in cash, kind, or labour services?
Answer.
Some of the important present-day taxes are income tax, service tax, house tax, etc. All the present-day taxes are collected in cash.

INTEXT QUESTIONS WITH THEIR ANSWERS

Question 1.
Locate the Gurjara-Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas, Palas, Cholas and Chahamanas (Chauhans). Can you identify the present-day states over which they exercised control? (NCERT Page 16)
Answer.

1. Please see Map 1 for the location of major kingdoms.
2. Yes, we can identify the present states over which they exercised control.
   • Guijara-Pratiharas Central Madhya Pradesh
   • Rashtrakutas Maharashtra and Western Andhra Pradesh
   • Palas West Bengal
   • Cholas Karnataka (Southern) and Tamil Nadu
   • Chahamanas Madhya Pradesh (North Western) and Rajasthan {South-Eastern)
     

Question 2.
Do you think being born as a Kshatriya was important in order to become a ruler during this period? (NCERT Page 17)
Answer.
Yes.

Question 3.
In what ways was this form of administration different from the present-day system? (NCERT Page 18)
Answer.

• In the present system, the administration is run by the elected governments in most of the countries or states.
• Resources are obtained from different taxes and tariffs on produces, consumers, and citizens. These are collected by government departments.
• Resources are used for developing the state and providing facilities to the citizens.
• No one is forced to do labor. The rule of law is followed.

Question 4.
Are any such taxes (of the Cholas) collected today? (NCERT Page 18)
Answer.
Yes, the land revenues and taxes on buildings/houses are collected as house tax today.

Question 5.
Also, see if you can find some of the areas mentioned in the inscription on Map 1 (NCERT, page 16). Other rulers made similar claims as well. Why do you think they made these claims? (NCERT Page 19)
Answer.

1. We can see Kanauj, Anarta, Vanga.
2. To show their power and superiority.

Question 6.
List all the possible sources of irrigation mentioned in the inscription, and discuss how these might have been used. (NCERT Page 20)
Answer.

1. Possible sources of irrigation
   • Wells.
   • Canals.
   • Tanks.
   • Mainly tanks were used through channels (canals) to the fields.
2. Water was regulated in the tank with the sluicegate.

Question 7.
Look at Map 1 (NCERT, page 16) and suggest reasons why these rulers wanted to control Kanauj and the Ganga valley. (NCERT Page 21)
Answer.

1. The city of Kanauj and the Ganga valley was a prized area as it was very fertile.
2. Gurjara-Pratihara, Rashtrakuts, and Palas dynasties had controlled these areas for centuries.

Question 8.
Look at Map 1 (NCERT, page 16) again and discuss why the Chahamanas may have wanted to expand their territories. (NCERT Page 21)
Answer.
The Chahamanas might have wanted to expand their territories to become more powerful.

Question 9.
Do you think women participated in these assemblies? In your view are lotteries useful in choosing members of committees? (NCERT Page 27)
Answer.

1. No, women did not participate in these assemblies.
2. In my view, lotteries are not useful in choosing members of the committees. The best way is through elections.

Question 10.
Were there any Brahmanas in this hamlet? Describe all the activities that were taking place in the village. Why do you think temple inscriptions ignore these activities? (NCERT Page 27)
Answer.

1. No.
2. The Brahmanas lived separately in temples or in their adjoining buildings.
3. The activities which were taking place in the village were:
   Village Activities
   • Agrarian labour
   • Rearing of cocks and group of chickens
   • Making of drums
   • Husking of paddy.

These activities did not find a place in the inscriptions because these activities were considered menial and without any importance.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 10 The Comet II are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 10 The Comet II.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 10 The Comet II

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 83)
1. “For a moment James wondered if he had done his sums right.” Why was James doubt¬ful about his sums and calculations ?
2. What did the scientists at the conference say about James’s ‘sums’ ?
3. Immediate action was needed, the scientists decided. Give one example each of‘defensive’ and ‘offensive’ action mentioned in the text.
4. “I am not buying any Christmas presents till December 15.” What did Sir John mean by that ?

Answers
1. Sir John dropped James at his hotel at 1 a.m. When he looked up from his window, he saw the star-studded sky. Looking at the sky, it was difficult to believe that any calamity could happen. So James wondered if he had done his, sums and calculations right.

2. The scientists at the conference discussed the matter for a week. They came to the conclusion that James Forsyth was correct in his calculations. The ‘Dutta’ comet would collide with the earth.

3. The scientists suggested suitable measures. They rejected defensive measures like living in bunkers. So the only way was to take offensive action. The comet could he slightly deflected from its path. A nuclear explosion could do the job. This could be done by exploding a nuclear payload near the comet.

4. Sir John was doubtful about the success of the offensive action suggested. So he told Duttada that he won’t buy his Christmas presents till December 15. By that time the whole situation would become clear.

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 87)
1. What is Duttada expected to do on his return from London ?
2. What is his reaction to the proposal ?
3. (i) What does ‘Project Light Brigade’ refer to ?
(ii) What does Sir John say about the Project in his letter to Duttada in October ?
4. Did Sir John buy Christmas presents on December 15 ? How did Duttada get to know about it ?
5. Why, according to Indrani Debi, had the comet not been disastrous ? Do you agree with her ?
6. Is Duttada’s general outlook

• rational ?
• moral ?
• traditional ?

Choose the right word. Say why you think it right.

Answers
1. Duttada is expected to do a shanti-path to pacify the evil spirit. His wife had called the priests to bless him. People were waiting for him to perform the yajna.

2. When the proposal of & yajna was put before Duttada, he became very angry. He did not find any specific advantage in that ceremony. He considered it no more than a superstition to think that comets have ill-effects.

3. (i) ‘Project Light Brigade’ refers to the project of averting ‘Dutta’ comet’s collision. For
this purpose, a spacecraft had been launched. It carried nuclear fuel. It would be exploded near the comet to break it up.
(ii) Sir John gave an account of the meeting of the Royal Astronomical Society. He also told about the unusual warm weather. He also made a mention of “The charge of the Light Brigade.”

4. Duttada knew about Sir John’s buying the Christmas presents from a letter.

5. Indrani Debi was sure that the comet ‘Dutta’ had not been disastrous because of the yajna.

6. Duttada’s outlook is rational because he does not believe in outdated rituals and ceremonies. He is truly a scientist and has a scientific attitude to life. He cannot be called traditional. There can be no question of morality so far as scientific investigation is concerned. A scientist has to go by reason, not by morality.

EXERCISE (Page 88)
Discuss the following topics in small groups. Write your answers afterwards.

Question 1.
Should a scientist’s findings be suppressed if they seem disturbing ? Give reasons for and against the topic.

Answer:
Copernicus (1473-1543) was a Polish astronomer. He put forward the theory that the earth orbits the sun. Until then Ptolemy’s theory was generally accepted. The theory was that the earth was the centre of the universe. Heavenly bodies rotated round it. Copernicus’s theory went against the traditional theory as well as the Bible. But Copernicus’s findings were not suppressed. Galileo (1564-1642) the Italian scientist also accepted Copernicus’s theory. But, in 1633, he was made to recant by the church. However, even then the earth revolved round the sun as it does now. So we gain nothing by suppressing a scientist’s findings. Truth should come to light however disturbing it may be.

Question 2.
Do you think ours is a traditional society ? What are some of the things we do to be called traditional ? Do you find these things useless or useful ?

Answer:
No doubt, ours is a traditional society. We are traditional because we believe in so many religious rituals and ceremonies. Most of these are useless. For example, Indrani Debi organised a yajna to avert the comet’s collision with the earth. She was an M.A. yet she believed in such things rather than scientific measures. She even believed that tine yajna had averted the collision. We find these things interesting but most of them are useless. They serve no useful purpose. Only superstitious people believe in such things.

Question 3.
Give two or three examples to show how science has been useful to us.

Answer:
Scientific discoveries have made human life more comfortable than before. Most of the progress in the world is because of science. It has helped man in fighting disease and poverty. The invention of electricity, steam engine, etc. has brought about a change in our life. There is no field of life or activity where science is not helpful.

Question 4.
Give one example to show how science has been misused, and has as a result been harmful to us.

Answer:
Man has misused science by producing weapons of mass destruction like atom and hydrogen bombs. They can bring about widespread destruction in no time. They don’t spare even innocent people.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 10 The Comet II help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 10 The Comet II, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 4 दीवानों की हस्ती are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 4 दीवानों की हस्ती.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 4 दीवानों की हस्ती

प्रश्न-अभ्यास
(पाठ्यपुस्तक से)

कविता से

प्रश्न 1. कवि ने अपने आने को ‘उल्लास’ और जाने को ‘आँसू बनकर बह जाना’ क्यों कहा है?
उत्तर :
कवि बेफिक्री भरा जीवन जीने वाला व्यक्ति है। वह अपने साथियों के साथ जहाँ भी जाता है, वहाँ उनके दुख-सुख में शामिल होता है और उनमें खुशियाँ बाँटता है। वह अपने लक्ष्य अर्थात् उन लोगों की खुशियों को स्थायी नहीं बना पाता है। वापस आते समय कवि और वे लोग दोनों ही दुखी होते हैं, इसलिए कवि ने ऐसा कहा है।

प्रश्न 2. भिखमंगों की दुनिया में बेरोक प्यार लुटानेवाला कवि ऐसा क्यों कहता है कि वह अपने हृदय पर असफलता का एक निशान भार की तरह लेकर जा रहा है? क्या वह निराश है या प्रसन्न है?
उत्तर :
कवि अभावग्रस्त तथा दुखी लोगों के बीच प्यार तथा अपनत्व प्रकट करते हुए उनमें खुशियाँ बाँटता है अर्थात् उन्हें स्वतंत्रता रूपी अनमोल खुशी देना चाहता है, पर अपने प्रयास के बाद भी वह ऐसा नहीं कर पा रहा है। इस असफलता का भार वह अपने हृदय पर लेकर जा रहा है। इससे लगता है कि कवि निराश है।

प्रश्न 3. कविता में ऐसी कौन-सी बात है जो आपको सबसे अच्छी लगी?
उत्तर :
कविता के अंदर अनेक ऐसी बातें हैं जो मुझे अच्छी लगीं
(क) कविता में बेफिक्र तथा मस्त जीवन जीते हुए दूसरे की खुशियों को ध्यान में रखने का संदेश दिया गया है।
(ख) सुख-दुख को समानभाव से ग्रहण करने की प्रेरणा मिलती है।
(ग) कविता में अभावग्रस्त लोगों में खुशियाँ बाँटकर उनका दुख दूर करने की बात कही गई है, इससे एकता, समानता, प्रेम तथा सद्भाव में वृद्धि होगी।

कविता से आगे

प्रश्न 1. जीवन में मस्ती होनी चाहिए, लेकिन कब मस्ती हानिकारक हो सकती है? सहपाठियों के बीच चर्चा कीजिए।
उत्तर :
मनुष्य को सारी चिंता-फ्रिक छोड़कर मस्ती भरा जीवन जीना चाहिए किंतु हमारे द्वारा की गई मस्ती से किसी का अहित होने लगे या उसकी भावनाएँ आहत होने लगें तो वह मस्ती हानिकारक हो सकती है। हमें दूसरों के जीवन या स्वतंत्रता में दखल देने का कोई हक नहीं हैं। ऐसा न हो कि हम अपनी मस्ती में इतना मस्त हो जाएँ कि दूसरों की भावनाओं का ख्याल ही न रह पाए।

अनुमान और कल्पना

• एक पंक्ति में कवि ने यह कहकर अपने अस्तित्व को नकारा है कि हम दीवानों की क्या हस्ती, हैं आज यहाँ, कल वहाँ चले।” दूसरी पंक्ति में उसने यह कहकर अपने अस्तित्व को महत्त्व दिया है कि “मस्ती का आलम साथ चला, हम धूल उड़ाते जहाँ चले।” यह फाकामस्ती का उदाहरण है। अभाव में भी खुश रहना फाकामस्ती कही जाती है। कविता में इस प्रकार की अन्य पंक्तियाँ भी हैं। उन्हें ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़िए और अनुमान लगाइए कि कविता में परस्पर विरोधी बातें क्यों की गई हैं?

उत्तर :
कविता में परस्पर विरोध प्रकट करने वाली पंक्तियाँ निम्नलिखित हैं
(क) आए बनकर उल्लास अभी,
आँसू बनकर बह चले अभी। (उल्लास और आँसू साथ साथ)
(ख) जग से उसका कुछ लिए चले,
जग को अपना कुछ दिए चले, (कुछ लेना और देना एक साथ)
(क) दो बात कही, दो बात सुनी;
कुछ हँसे और फिर कुछ रोए। (हँसना व रोना एक साथ)

इन परस्पर विरोधी बातों का कविता में इसलिए समावेश किया गया है क्योंकि कवि अपने जीवन के नियम स्वयं बनाता है और स्वयं तोड़ता है। वह अपनी मर्जी का मालिक है। उसे अपने लक्ष्य के अलावा कुछ भी महत्त्वपूर्ण नहीं लगता है।

भाषा की बात

• संतुष्टि के लिए कवि ने ‘छककर’, ‘जी भरकर’ और ‘खुलकर’ जैसे शब्दों का प्रयोग किया है। इसी भाव को व्यक्त करने वाले कुछ और शब्द सोचकर लिखिए, जैसे-हँसकर, गाकर।

उत्तर :
संतुष्टि का भाव व्यक्त करने वाले कुछ शब्द-प्रसन्न होकर, तृप्त होकर, जी भरकर, परिपूर्ण होकर, मस्त होकर आदि।

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 4 दीवानों की हस्ती help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 4 दीवानों की हस्ती, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 10 An Alien Hand are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 10 An Alien Hand.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 10 An Alien Hand

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
Comprehension Check
(Page 69)

Question 1.
How does Tilloo manage to find his way to the ‘forbidden passage’ ?
Answer:
Tilloo’s daddy was allowed to go through the forbidden passage. One day while he was sleeping, Tilloo managed to get hold of his identity card. Then he walked towards the forbidden passage. When the metal door barred his entry, he put the card into a slot. The door opened. Thus Tilloo managed to find his way to the forbidden passage.

Question 2.
What did Tilloo hope to see once he emerged from his underground home ?
Answer:
After emerging from his underground home, Tilloo hoped to see the sun or the stars.

Question 3.
Why did Tilloo’s father advise him not to try to reach the surface of the planet ?
Answer:
Tilloo’s father advised him not to try to reach the surface of the planet. He told him that he would not be able to survive in the thin air and low temperature existing on the surface of the planet.

Question 4.
What changes had occurred, which forced people to live in underground homes ?
Answer:
The sun turned hostile. The air became too thin to breathe. The temperature became so low that human beings could freeze to death.

Comprehension Check
(Page 71)

Question 1.
Why was everyone in the Control Room greatly excited ?
Answer:
Everyone in the Control Room was greatly excited because they had seen two spacecrafts coming towards their planet.

Question 2.
Was the spacecraft manned or unmanned ? How do you know it ?
Answer:
The spacecraft was unmanned. Number One who was in charge of defence told the people in the Control Room that he had reports. These reports said that the spacecrafts contained only instruments.

Question 3.
What did Number One and Number Two suggest should be done about the alien spacecraft ?
Answer:
Number One and Number Two suggested non-interference and passive observance in matters of the alien spacecraft.

Comprehension Check
(Page 73)

Question 1.
What do you think the mechanical hand was trying to do ?
Answer:
The mechanical hand was trying to collect samples of soil from the Martian surface.

Question 2.
Tilloo pressed the red button and “the damage was done.” What was the damage ?
Answer:
The damage was that the mechanical hand had ceased working. It had become inactive.

Question 3.
Where had the spacecraft come from ?
Answer:
The spacecraft had come from the planet earth. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of America had sent it.

Question 4.
On which planet do Tilloo and his parents live ?
Answer:
Tilloo and his parents live on the planet earth.

EXERCISES
(Page 73)

Discuss the following topics in groups.
Question 1.
If you had to live in a home like Tilloo’s, what parts of life would you find most difficult ? What compensations might there be ?
Answer:
Living in a home like Tilloo’s, childhood must be the most difficult part of life. Living underground one cannot expect lush green parks and tall trees where children can enjoy themselves. One may also not get the variety of food that we get now.
The compensation can be the safety and security. The cruelties of the weather may never be experienced there.

Question 2.
What, if anything, might drive mankind to make their homes underground ?
Answer:
If the sun grows cold and is not able to give us as much heat as it gives today, the earth will become very cold. In that case all living beings will find it difficult to survive. All water will turn to ice—making the marine life also impossible. In that case mankind might make their homes underground.

Question 3.
Do you think there is life on other planets ? Can you guess what kind of people there may be on them ? In what ways are they likely to be different from us ?
Answer:
It is possible that there may be life on other planets. The kind of people will depend on the kind of environment there. They are likely to be quite different from us because every planet seems to have its unique environment.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 10 An Alien Hand help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 10 An Alien Hand, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Media are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Media.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Media

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

Question 1.
In what ways does the media play an important role in a democracy?
Answer.
Media plays an important role in a democracy in the following ways:

1. It provides information about the working of and decisions taken by the government for the welfare of the citizen.
2. It also makes the government aware of the public reactions to its working and / decisions.
3. It discusses different events of public interest in detail taking place in the country and all over the world.

Question 2.
Can you give this diagram a title? What do you understand about the link between media and big business from this diagram?

Answer.

1. Title to the diagram:
   Media and Big Business Houses.
2. The link between media and Big Business:
   There is a strong link between media and big business/business house because of the following reasons:
   • Most of the media (Newspapers, magazines, news channels) are owned by big business houses. e.g., Hindustan Times by Birla group.
   • Big business houses finance the media in a big way.
   • They pay heavy amounts to the media for their advertisements.
   • They provide political, financial, social, and moral support.
   • In return, the media propagates its policies and programmes.
   • They publish and advertise their products.

Question 3.
You have read about the ways in which the media ‘sets the agenda’. What kind of effect does this have in a democracy? Provide two examples to support your point of view.
Answer.
Media, the fourth pillar of democracy, sets the agenda to focus on the issue of public interest. This agenda sometimes has positive effects on a. democracy. For example,
(1) Media published reports about alarming levels of pesticides in Cola drinks. The media declared this fact despite the government’s resistance that Cola drinks were unsafe. Thus, the media’s agenda helped us by focusing on an issue that affects our lives.

(2) The media sometimes fails to set agenda to raise issues significant in democracy. For example, it publishes a wide coverage about the ‘World Cup’ but at the same time it does not give attention towards the issue like drinking water as a major problem, the people are facing.

Question 4.
As a class project, decide to focus on a particular news topic and cut out stories from different newspapers on this. Also, watch the coverage of this topic on TV news. Compare two newspapers and write down the similarity and differences in their reports. It might help to ask the following questions:
(a) What information is this article providing?
(b) What information is it leaving out?
(c) From whose point of view is the article being written?
(d) Whose point of view is being left out and why?
Times of India, March 11, 2007


Answer.
(a) Particular News: March 11, 2007
Times of India                                                                Metro Now
“Cop guarding Bank Vault                              “What pushed Lepcha off the Edge.”
goes berserk, kills 5 mates.”

(b)
(i) Information
A Sikkim Police constable deputed                       Nari Lepcha kills 5 mates
at Darya Ganj, Dena Bank Branch kills 5
mates to escape unnatural sex acts.
(ii) Information leaving out
Attempt to repeat the unnatural acts.                        The motive of murder not yet clear.

(c) Point of view
General public                                                              General public

(d) Point of view is left out
Police                                                                                 Police

INTEXT QUESTIONS

Question 1.
Look at the college and list six various kinds of media that you see. (NCERT Page 71)
Answer.

• Radio.
• Television.
• DVD.
• Transistor.
• Computer.
• Internet.
• Newspapers, magazines.
• Periodicals.

Question 2.
Ask older members of your family about what they used to listen to on the radio when there was no TV around. Find out from them when the first TV came to your area. When was cable TV introduced? (NCERT Page 71)
Answer.

1. They used to listen to following programmes on the radio when there was no television around.
   • Radio Ceylon
     • Ap Hi Ke Geet  (आप ही के गीत )
     • Binaca Geet Mala ( बिनाका गीत माला )
   • Vividh Bharati
     • Hawa Mahal ( हवा महल )
     • Man Chahe Geet ( मन चाहे गीत )
2. The first TV came in 1984 in our area.
3. Cable TV was introduced in 1990 in our area.

Question 3.
How many people in your neighbourhood use the internet? (NCERT Page 71)
Answer.
Most of them.

Question 4.
List three things that you know about some other part of the world from watching television. (NCERT Page 71)
Answer.

1. Earthquake in Nepal.
2. Tornado in Oklahoma, May 2013, the disappearance of aeroplane MH370.
3. Cannes film festival, 2013.

Question 5.
Can you list three different products that are advertised on your favourite TV programme? (NCERT Page 72)
Answer.
Yes, Tea, clothes, Snacks, Cold drinks.

Question 6.
Take a newspaper and count the number of advertisements in it. Some people say that newspapers have too many advertisements. Do you think this is true and why? (NCERT Page 72)
Answer.

1. Hindustan Times.
2. Number of advertisements: 70
3. Some people say correctly but it is necessary otherwise the cost of the newspaper will be so much that most people would not be able to buy newspapers.

Question 7.
Are the above stories in the two newspapers similar? And if not, why not? What, in your view, are the similarities and differences? (NCERT Page 74)
Answer.
No, they are not similar. A news report in the News of India report, the story is about the crackdown on polluting factories while in the Indian Daily Report, the story is about the closure of factories which led to unrest.
Differences

1. A report in the News India Report says that closure will result in a clean and green city.
2. The closure will lead to unemployment in Indian Daily Report.
3. Relocation must be done.
4. The places of relocation have no facilities.

Similarities

1. Both the reports/stories are related to factories.
2. Both reports indicate protests by owners and workers of the factories.
3. Relocation has been dealt with in both reports.

Question 8.
If you read the story in the News of India, what would you think about the issue? ‘ (NCERT Page 74)
Answer.
The issue is the pollution caused by polluting factories.

1. Factory owners and workers protested violently against the crackdown on polluting industries.
2. The government had already declared these industries illegal.
3. But it acted hastily to close them down.
4. In view of the clean and green city, it is necessary to close them down.

Question 9.
Do you think it is important to know both sides of the story? Why? (NCERT Page 75)
Answer.
Yes, because only then we can form a balanced opinion about an issue.

Question 10.
Pretend that you are a journalist for a newspaper and write a balanced story from the two news reports. (NCERT Page 75)
Answer.
Balanced Story

1. The government orders closure of polluting factories in the city. The pollution had already assumed alarming proportions.
2. Factory owners and workers protested violently against the closure. The city life came to a standstill.
3. For a clean and green city, the closure of factories was essential.
4. The government should have relocated the factories to suitable locations with a proper time frame.

Question 11.
What does TV do to us and what can we do with TV? (NCERT Page 75)
Answer.

1. In many of our houses, TV is always on.
2. We form an impression about the world around us by seeing the TV7.
3. It is like a ‘window to the world’.
4. TV has different types of programs like movies, soap operas, game shows, reality TV shows like News, sports, and cartoons.
5. Before, in between, and after each programme there are advertisements.
6. TV shapes our views of the world, our beliefs, attitudes, and values.
7. It gives us a partial view of the world.
8. While we enjoy our favourite programmes, we should always be aware of the large exciting world beyond our TV screens. There are so many happenings beyond the TV.
9. There is a world beyond film stars, celebrities, and rich lifestyle, a world that all of us need to reach out to and respond to in various ways.
10. We need to be active viewers, who question whatever we see and hear, while we may enjoy it too.

Question 12.
What is the consequence of the media ‘setting the agenda’ by reporting on the Fashion Week rather than the slum demolitions? (NCERT Page 77)
Answer.
They earn huge amounts of money from the fashion week.

Question 13.
Can you think of an issue that does not seem important to you because it is never featured in the media? (NCERT Page 77)
Answer.

1. Rising prices of essential commodities, and
2. Rising crime graph in metropolitan cities.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Media help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Media, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.