NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Chapter 4 A Tale of Three Villages are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Chapter 4 A Tale of Three Villages.
| Board | CBSE |
| Textbook | NCERT |
| Class | Class 10 |
| Subject | English Main Course Book |
| Chapter | Unit 4 Chapter 4 |
| Chapter Name | A Tale of Three Villages |
| Category | NCERT Solutions |
CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Environment Chapter 4 A Tale of Three Villages
TEXTUAL EXERCISES
Question 1.
Now that you have each read one of the stories above, first complete the appropriate column of the table below. When you have done that, ask the other two students in your group about the stories you have not read. For example, ask “In which country did your story take place ? What type of pollution is there ?” When it is your turn to give information, only do so when the other two students ask you questions. As you receive the answer, complete the other two columns.
Answer:
| D.1 | D.2 | D.3 | |
| Country | Nigeria | India | Ukraine |
| Cause(s) of pollution | poisonous chemicals in drums | tanneries | explosion in Chernobyl nuclear power station |
| Who is responsible ? | factories in Italy | leather factory owners | government; maintenance engineers |
| Consequences | 13 people died | soil pollution ; crops cannot grow; nearest fuel 10 km away | many deaths; mass evacuation; barren fields no bird activity |
| What do you think should be done to solve the problem ? | —stop developed countries from dumping poisonous chemicals into developing countries in the name of export. —resettle the people from Koko Village elsewhere. | tanneries required to treat dangerous chemicals before discharge into the streams, tanneries to instal devices to purify smoke at the source before spewing out into the atmosphere | stop using nuclear power |
Question 2.
Work in groups of three, and answer the following questions :
Koko Village, Nigeria
- Why do you think there are “three large, empty metal drums” outside Mr. Nana’s front door ?
- Why do you think the drums were sent from Italy to Nigeria ?
- What do you think was in the brown paper bag that the Chief received ?
- Why are the drums referred to as “the mountain of death” ?
Answer:
- Perhaps Mr. Nana brought them there, planning to use them for some domestic purposes or his children rolled them there.
- The drums were sent from Italy to Nigeria because it is easier dumping chemical in Nigeria than in Italy. Secondly, because, perhaps, the factory owners were not allowed to dump them there in Italy.
- It was money.
- They are referred to as “the mountain of death” because they are piled on top of each other very high-like a mountain. They are a sure and definite source of causing death.
Ponnimanthuri Village, India
- Vijayasama and the narrator both refer many times to “they”. Who do you think “they” are ?
- Why do you think the women of the village have to walk 10 km everyday ?
- Why does Vijayasama say: “We don’t buy leather shoes or leather handbags or leather clothes” ?
Answer:
- They are the factory owners.
- The women of the village have to walk 10 km everyday to find wood for fuel and/or get clean drinking water.
- Vijayasama says it because the villagers do not at all benefit from having the tanneries nearby. They (the villagers) are poor and cannot afford to buy leather shoes, leather handbags or leather clothes. Perhaps, they don’t need them at all seeing the poor and miserable life they lead.
Vorobyov Village, Ukraine
- Why do you think Natasha’s three children died ?
- Where do you think Natasha lives now ?
- What do you think is going to happen to Natasha very soon ? Why ?
Answer:
- Natasha’s three children died because of radiation poisoning.
- She now lives in Moscow.
- Natasha is going to die soon.
- She is poisoned by radiation.
Question 3.
Still working in groups of three, find any ten “happy” words and ten “unhappy” words from the passages you have just read. First, copy and complete the table below :
Note : Students to select 10 words, as asked for.
| “happy” words | “unhappy” words | |
| Koko village, Nigeria | picturesque, colourful stream, playful, smiling, brightest | skull and crossbones symbol, corroded, slimy… leaking out, badly, fallen down, smoking, swelling, bursting, mad, poisonous, frowning, troubled, died, pain, terrible pain, deaths, sick |
| Ponnimanthuri Village, India | green, good, jobs, rich, grow, rivers | wistfully, monsters, spluttered, anger, ominous- looking, black, shroud, thick, black, smoke, silent, chemicals, arsenic, discharged polluting, poison dumped, ulcers, sores, tailed off |
|
Vorobyov Village, Ukraine |
birthday, lovely, warm, played, laughing, chewed, neighed | explosion, worry, white smoke, nervously, tears slid, pinched, pale, radioactive dust, vomit, hair fell out, thin, sores, died, broke down, cried, buried, ghost, barren |
Now give reasons why you have classified them as “happy” and “unhappy” words.
Answer:
This activity is meant to be done at class level.
‘Happy’ and ‘unhappy’ words are mainly due to their corresponding situations. The same thing occurs here.
Question 4.
The Ecological Footprint
The situation is not hopeless. There are lots of things we can do to reduce our impact on the planet ! Fill in the worksheet given below to measure your ecological footprint.
My Ecological Footprint
Worksheet : Measure Your Impact
Answer:
| Activity | Resource(s) | Low | Usage
Medium & High |
|
| Brushing my teeth | Water | 1 | ||
| Having a bath | Water, soap, shampoo | 2 | ||
| Commuting to school | Bus, car | 3 | ||
| Watching Television | T.V. | 3 | ||
| Visiting Friends | Public transport, car | 2 | ||
| Using computer | Computer, electricity | 2 | ||
| Using Fans/Air conditioners/Coolers | equipment, electricity | 3 | ||
| Cooking | L.P.G., electricity | 3 | ||
| Entertainment | T.V., cinema | 2 | ||
| Subtotals (add up each column and write the subtotals in the boxes) | 1 | 8 | 12 | |
| Total Score (add all the subtotals) | 21 | |||
Score : 21 (beginning of the stage Dumping Dinosaur)
The above Table has been filled as desired. Rating is : Dumping Dinosaur Besides this, another new table in answer to question 1 under Instructions has also been given.
| Resource(s) | Usage | ||
| Low | Medium | High | |
| 1. Water, soap, shampoo towel, underwear etc. | — | 2 | — |
| 2. transport like bus, car, auto, van using petrol, operators resulting in wear and tear | — | — | — |
| 3. television, cable connection T.V. sky (DTH) with technology manpower etc. | 2 | ||
| 4. transport used with associated resources | — | 2 | — |
| 5. Computer, Internet (all associated technology) | — | 2 | — |
| 6. Fans/ACs/coolers + electricity, water (resources used in generating electricity, cables transmission etc.) | — | — | 3 |
| 7. Fuel in the form of LPG, electricity utensils, raw food, vegetables etc. | — | — | 3 |
| 8. Cinema, T.V., sky-T.V., playing, visiting Zoos, Parks, tourist destinations, clubs discotheques etc + manpower coupled with infrastructure, electricity, gadgets etc. | — | — | 3 |
| 9. | 2 | 10 | 9 |
| 10. | 21 | ||
Score : 21 (beginning of the stage Dumping Dinosaur)
Question 5.
How could you improve your score ?
How could you improve your score ? Also reflect on the ways in which the waste produced in carrying out some of the activities above is disposed of
My Ecological Footprint
Worksheet: How could you improve your score ?
What changes could you make in your daily activities at school and at home to improve your score ? Use the table below to write down ways of using less energy, less water and making less waste.
| Use Less Energy | Use Less Water | Make Less Waste |
| Turn off the light when there is no one in the classroom or bedroom (a) | Don’t leave the water running when brushing (b) | Put the rubbish in the recycling bins (c) |
Answer:
| Use Less Energy | Use Less Water | Make Less Waste |
| Turn off the light when there is no one in the classroom or bedroom (a) — using public transport instead of personal one — using computer only when it is necessary — using energy saving utensils like pressure cooker — using TV for less time |
Don’t leave the water running when brushing |
Put the rubbish in the recycling bins |
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