Evans Tries An O-Level Summary in English by Colin Dexter

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Evans Tries An O-Level Summary in English by Colin Dexter

Evans Tries An O-Level by Colin Dexter About the Author

Colin Dexter (29 September 1930 – 21 March 2017) is a British crime writer who is known for ‘Inspector Endeavour Morse’ who appears in detective novels authored by him. These novels written between 1975 and 1999 were adopted as a television series from 1987 to 2000. Dexter has received many awards and accolades, including two Silver Draggers, two ‘Gold Draggers’ and a ‘Cartier Diamond Dragger’ for lifetime achievement in 1997. He was conferred with the 1996 Macavity Award for his story ‘Evans Tries an O-level’. In the year 2000, he was appointed an ‘Officer of the Order of British Empire’ for his services to literature.

Author NameColin Dexter
Born29 September 1930, Stamford, United Kingdom
Died21 March 2017, Oxford, United Kingdom
SpouseDorothy Cooper (m. 1956–2017)
Movies and TV showsInspector Lewis, Endeavour, Inspector Morse, Inspector Morse: Service of All the Dead
NationalityBritish
Evans Tries An O-Level Summary by Colin Dexter
Evans Tries An O-Level Summary by Colin Dexter

Evans Tries An O-Level Introduction to the Chapter

The story, “Evans Tries An 0-Level”, written by Colin Dexter is an interesting story depicting how a prisoner called James Evans befools all the officers of the prison to escape under a well-laid out plan. Despite the best efforts of the prison authorities, Evans is able to escape. In this battle of wits between him and the prison authorities, he has the last laugh.

Evans Tries An O-Level Theme

This story talks about a criminal Evans who is known as a prison-breaker. The prison officials make huge efforts to keep Evans in prison, but he eventually escapes successfully. Though he outwits the officials, they marvel at his ingenuity and wisdom.

Evans Tries An O-Level Summary in English

Evans is a prison-breaker who is used to having the last laugh. After breaking out of prison thrice, he is in prison for the fourth time. He decides to break away and is again successful. He did so by desiring to have some sort of academic qualification while serving his imprisonment. For this, he wanted to take the O-level examination in German. A German teacher would come to teach him for ten months in the prison. After that, the examination is arranged in his cell itself. A person called McLeery is called to invigilate for the exam. The Governor himself supervises all security arrangements lest the prisoner might escape during the exam. Two prison officers were deputed to keep an eye on him. The person left with all the papers after the exam got over.

However, later it was discovered that Evans had escaped in the guise of the parson. Evans had badly wounded the parson behind the prison cell. The parson tells that he knew where Evans might be found. At once, he was sent in a police van to catch the prisoner. Since the parson was bleeding profusely, he was taken to a hospital on the way. Later, it was found that no wounded parson had ever come to the hospital. Now, it was known and realised that Evans had not escaped in the guise of the parson McLeery. He had stayed in and befooled the entire prison staff.

The blood flowing from his head had not been his own blood. It was rather pig’s blood that McLeery had cleverly managed to bring in. Similarly, McLeery was not the parson. The real parson McLeery was tied by some men in his room since morning. Towards the end of the story, the Governor got hold of Evans in a hotel room. Handcuffed, Evans was sent away with a prison officer in the prison van.

Once again, Evans got the better of the Governor. Both the prison officer and the prison van had been part of the plan mastered by Evans’ friends. Evans had been able to escape from prison three times earlier also. Once again, he became a free bird. Due to this reason, the prison officers used to call him ‘Evans the Break’.

Evans Tries An O-Level Main Characters in the Chapter

Evans

He is a pleasant young man. He has not done any violence. He is good at imitation and had been part of Christmas concerts. He is a kleptomaniac. He is called a prison-breaker, since he had escaped prison thrice with the help of his couple of friends. He is sharp-witted.

The Governor

An officer of average intelligence but over-confident. Poor judge of character.

Jackson

Senior prison officer. Kind-hearted man. Not an intelligent person and is gullible. Poor judge of character. Takes delight in ordering people around.

Stephens

New recruit. Takes orders without thinking.

Reverend Me Leery

Supposed to supervise Evans German O-Level Exam.

Evans Tries An O-Level Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How did McLeery explain the semi-inflated rubber ring in his suitcase? How was the ring ultimately used?
Answer:
McLeery carried a brown suitcase with him into the examination room which consisted of all. that he would need for his examination duties. However, when asked to explain what the semi-inflated rubber ring was for, he told the authorities that he suffered from Haemorrhoids and therefore, needed the ring to sit on as he was not comfortable sitting for long period.

Question 2.
Who do you think has outwitted the other—Evans or the Governor? How?
Answer:
Undoubtedly, Evans outwitted the Governor in the end. The Governor after decoding the numbers given in the question paper was able to recapture Evans, but the latter was again able to give a slip to the prison officials.

Question 3.
What clues did the answer sheet of Evans provide to the Governor?
Answer:
The clues left on the question paper were actually part of a well-laid outplan. It was meant to mislead the police and kind of mock at them. The clue pointed out that Evans had hit McLeery though it was Evans who was impersonating McLeery. This also made the police look for Evans in Newburry, when he was in fact at Hotel Golden Lion in Chipping Norton.

Question 4.
How did the Governor react to the two phone calls he received in quick succession?
Answer:
The Governor reacted sharply but in a positive way. He was informed by the secretary for modern languages that there was a correction slip to be informed to the candidate. He allows and the correction is explained to Evans. He does not doubt anything.

Question 5.
Who was Carter? What did the Governor ask him to do?
Answer:
Carter was the detective superintendent. The Governor told him to take McLeery along with him. He took McLeery with him to look for the absconder. The Governor then asked who had seen Evans out at the prison gate. Mr Stephen told him that it was he who had taken him out.

Question 6.
What were the contents of the small brown suitcase that McLeery carried?
Answer:
The contents of the small brown suitcase that McLeery carried were a sealed question paper envelope, a yellow invigilation form, a special ‘authentication’ card from the Examination Board, a paper knife, a Bible, a copy of ‘The Church Times’ and a small semi-inflated rubber ring.

Question 7.
What did the Detective Superintendent inform the Governor about Evans?
Answer:
McLeery had spotted Evans drive off along Elsfield Way. They had got the number of the car and had given chase immediately. But they had lost track and assumed that Evans must have come back into the city.

Question 8.
Who do you think made the call to announce a correction in the question paper? What was its purpose?
Answer:
One of Evans’ accomplices would have called impersonating as the Assistant Secretary from the examination board. The real purpose was to include information about the escape plan.

Question 9.
What could the Governor have done to securely bring Evans back to the prison from the ‘Golden Lion’?
Answer:
The Governor could have brought the police force with him. Another thing that he could have done was to travel in the van that was taking Evans back to the prison. He should have also checked the credentials of the officials escorting him to the prison.

Question 10.
How does Evans escape from the jail?
Answer:
Evans decided to appear for O-level Examination in German. For the same, the Governor sought permission from the Board. McLeery the parson from St. Mary Mags came to invigilate. In reality, he was an accomplice of Evans and had imprisoned the real parson. In the cell, the two exchange places. This was made possible because Evans had covered himself in a blanket. At the end of the exam, Evans walks out a free man disguised as the parson.

The Invisible Man Summary in English by HG Wells

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The Invisible Man Summary in English by Herbert George Wells

The Invisible Man is a science fiction novella by, Herbert George Wells, regarded as the Father of Science Fiction. First serialised in Pearson’s Weekly in 1897, The Invisible Man was published in the same year, under the title, The Invisible Man: A Grotesque Romance and became an instant hit.

The novel is the story of Griffin, a young scientist, who creates a serum that makes things invisible. He uses it on himself and realizes that he has found the key to invisibility. However, the tragedy is it that he is unable to enjoy it because of his inability to reverse the results of the serum. The Invisible Man is considered a masterpiece of science fiction.

A stranger arrives at the town of Iping on a cold February day, and asks for a room and a fire in the ‘Coach and Horses’ inn. Mrs Hall, the innkeeper, shows him the guest parlour gladly as visitors are rare in winter and the stranger doesn’t even try to haggle over the prices. She serves him lunch and observes that he is strangely dressed, with big blue glasses that hide half his face. The rest of his face is completely covered with white bandages and he covers the lower half of his face with a serviette (a piece of cloth or paper used at meals for protecting one’s clothes and cleaning one’s lips and fingers) when he talks to Mrs Hall during lunch. The only part of his face that is visible is his pink nose. He also wears gloves and a velvet jacket with a high collar.

Mrs Hall assumes that the stranger must have been in a bad accident, but he does not respond properly when she tries to draw him into conversation. He is only interested in knowing if she can arrange for his things to be brought from the station at Bramblehurst. Mrs Hall tells him it can only be arranged to be brought by the next day at the earliest, but feels snubbed by him when she tries to ask him about the accident. She leaves him alone for the rest of the afternoon.

At tea time, Teddy Henfrey arrives to fix the clock in the parlour where the stranger is. Mrs Hall leads him into the room, where she finds the stranger dozing on the armchair before the fire. He gives Mr Henfrey permission to fix the clock and asks Mrs Hall about his luggage again, to which she responds a little coldly. He explains that he is an experimental investigator, and hence, needs his equipment at the earliest; that he had an accident which had left his eyes sensitive and this is why he requires darkness and solitude. Once again, he cuts off Mrs Hall before she can ask any questions.

Mrs Hall leaves and Mr Henfrey delays fixing the clock so that he can get a better look at the stranger. But the man gets angry as he realizes what Mr Henfrey is doing and tells asks his him to hurry up. Mr Henfrey repairs the clock and leaves, feeling irritated and snubbed. He meets Mr Hall in the town and he tells him about the stranger, and warns him that he seems like a suspicious character, perhaps a criminal in disguise. He advises Mr Hall to be careful and warns that Mrs Hall is too trusting. However, when Mr Hall reaches home and tries to question his wife, she is not willing to listen to him and asks him to mind his own business.

The next day, the stranger’s luggage arrives in Fearenside’s cart. Mr Hall observes that it is a very strange mix of objects. In addition to the regular luggage of a couple of trunks, there are also boxes with big books, and many crates and boxes containing unknown objects packed in straw. The stranger, covered from head to toe, comes out to oversee the unloading of the cart. As soon as Fearenside’s dog sees him, it starts growling and attacks the stranger. Fearenside’s dog tries to bite him on the wrist and when he kicks it, it bites him on the leg, ripping the trouser. Fearenside then manages to control the dog and the stranger rushes off to his room. When Mr Hall follows and tries to enter his room to see if he is all right, the stranger shoves him out of the room and slams the door.

He appears at the front door a few minutes later, claiming to be unhurt, and demands angrily that the luggage be unloaded quickly. He begins unpacking with great haste in the parlour and it is revealed that all the six crates have many bottles, of all shapes and sizes and containing powders, poisons and liquids, packed in straw. Once the unpacking is over, he starts working very seriously and doesn’t pay attention to the straw strewn around the room or anything else. This annoys Mrs Hall but he impatiently offers to pay her for the mess he has created. Later, Fearenside is heard telling Henfrey that the stranger is a black man because when the dog ripped off the stranger’s trousers, Fearenside could not see pink skin, only blackness.

The next few months pass without incident and Mrs Hall is more or less satisfied with the stranger because he settles his bills promptly, although Mr Hall has more reservations about him. The stranger is of a moody and irritable nature, but kept to himself, only going out for long walks in the evening, fully covered regardless of the weather. His reserved nature makes the villagers curious about him, leading to speculation and gossip that he was a criminal in disguise, and other theories.

Finally, one of the villagers, the physician named Cuss, tries to satisfy his curiosity by approaching the stranger with some excuse. But after the interview at the inn, Mrs Hall sees him rushing out looking white-faced and shocked. Cuss goes to Mr Bunting, the vicar and tells him the strange story of his meeting with the stranger. He tells him how he approached him with the excuse of collecting funds for the Nurse Fund, and during the conversation that followed, the stranger agitatedly revealed that he was working because he had accidentally burned a five-ingredient prescription. In the course of the conversation, the stranger pulled his hand out of his pockets and Cuss saw that the stranger had no hand but the cuff of his shirt was filled, as if there was a hand there. The stranger then laughed and reached out and touched Cuss with what felt like his hand, even though there was nothing visible. Mr Bunting agrees that the story is indeed remarkable but doesn’t look fully convinced.

The burglary at the vicarage takes place in the early morning on Whit Monday. Mrs Bunting wakes up when she hears noises in the house and so she wakes her husband up too. They get out of the room to investigate, armed with a poker. They see that there is someone in the downstairs study which has their household money, and hear the sound of a match being lit. However, when they rush in to confront the robber, the room is empty, although the candle is lit and their money is gone. They are puzzled, and then they hear sneezing and the back door slamming open and shut, but they still cannot see anyone.

The same morning, Mr and Mrs Hall wake early for some work in the cellar where they brew their beer. Mr Hall notices that the stranger’s door is ajar and later, that the front door is unbolted though it was bolted the previous night. He knocks on the stranger’s door and when there is no answer, he enters. He finds that the room is empty but the stranger’s things, including all his clothes are still there. He fetches Mrs Hall, and on their way to examine the stranger’s room, they hear the front door open and shut but see no one. As they look around the bedroom, the furniture suddenly go mad. The clothes on the bed fling themselves at Mrs Hall and a chair chases them out of the room, banging the door shut behind them.

Mrs Hall almost faints, and is convinced that the room and the furniture must be haunted, and blames the stranger for it. They fetch someone to try to exorcise the room but find that the door is locked from the inside. As they debate breaking the door down, it suddenly opens, and to everyone’s surprise the stranger walks out, looking irritated as usual. He refuses to answer any questions and locks himself into the parlour.

The stranger, after locking himself into the parlour early in the morning, remains there all day. On hearing the news of the burglary in the vicarage, the Halls put two and two together and Mr Hall, along with Mr Wadgers, goes to look for the magistrate, while a curious crowd gathers in the inn and outside the stranger’s parlour window. Meanwhile, Mrs Hall refuses to serve him any food, even though the stranger rings for it many times. Finally, in the evening, he comes out of his parlour and demands food from Mrs Hall, who presents him with his bill and refuses to serve him unless he settles it. Initially, he argues saying that his money has not arrived but later says that he might have still some in his pocket. Mrs Hall, suspecting him of being behind the burglary, challenges him on how he got the money, and enraged, the stranger tells her that she doesn’t know who he is and begins pulling off everything that covers his face. Then the horrified crowd realizes that he has no face, and in fact, is headless! Everybody panics and runs out of the inn and a large crowd begins gathering outside the entrance of the inn. When Mr Hall, Mr Wadgers and Mr Jaffers, the constable, return, they enter the stranger’s parlour and try to arrest him, despite the fact that he is headless. The stranger resists and gets into a scuffle with Jaffers, at the end of which he nevertheless surrenders, and pulls of his gloves revealing that he has no hands. Jaffers is unable to cuff him as he can’t see his hand. The stranger then defends himself saying that being invisible is no crime so he shouldn’t be arrested, but Jaffers shows him the warrant for his arrest in connection with the burglary at the vicarage.

At this point, the stranger begins undressing, revealing that he is invisible under the clothes, and Jaffers realizes that he is trying to escape. The men try to stop him but he is extremely strong, and they are unable to fight an enemy that they cannot see. Finally, they chase the stranger out of the inn and Jaffers catches hold of him but the Invisible Man pushes him off. Jaffers falls on the ground and hits his head on the gravel. The crowd outside the inn scatters and people panic, but Jaffers remains quite still on the ground.

A man named Gibbons, who is lying in the open countryside and enjoying the solitude with not a soul around, suddenly hears someone sneezing, coughing and swearing savagely. He looks around, but is startled to see no one; his peace is broken and he hurries back to his village.

Mr Thomas Marvel is a large, slow-moving tramp, who is sitting outside the town of Adderdean, staring at his two pairs of boots which are in front of him. He hears a voice from behind him, and he has a small conversation about how ugly the boots are, but when he looks back and realizes that there is no one behind him, he begins to panic and doubt his own sanity. The voice continues talking and then starts throwing flints at Marvel in order to convince him that he is not insane or imagining the voice, and introduces itself as an invisible man.

Mr Marvel is finally convinced and the Invisible Man tells him that he could have killed him but he spared him because he felt Marvel, like him, was an outcast from society. By intimidating him this way, and telling him that he had great power, he makes Marvel promise to help him out.

The scene shifts back to Iping, where the celebrations for Whit Monday are continuing despite the strange events of the morning. Very few people have actually witnessed the Invisible Man’s unveiling and so there is growing doubt regarding the rumours about what happened at the ‘Coach and Horses’. People go on with their preparations for the celebrations, and only Jaffers is missing as he is still lying unconscious after the attack in the morning. At four o’clock, some people in the village observe a short, stout stranger enter the village wearing an extraordinary hat and talking to himself. The actions of this man is revealed to us through Mr Huxter’s gaze, who watches him enter the ‘Coach and Horses’ and go into the parlour. When Mr Hall calls out to him that it is private, the man enters the bar, has a drink and reappears to go into the yard which has a window that leads to the parlour. After smoking his pipe for a couple of minutes, the stranger enters the parlour through this window and reappears with some books in one hand and other things bundled into a table cloth in his other hand.

Mr Huxter, realizing that this was a robbery, tries to stop the man, but someone he cannot see grabs him by his shins and throws him into the air, and he falls to the ground with great force.

At the inn, Mr Cuss and Mr Bunting are in the parlour, examining the Invisible Man’s things, and Mrs Hall has cleared the stranger’s clothes from the room and tidied up. Cuss and Bunting find a book marked “Diary”, but it is written is some strange code, in a combination of mathematical symbols and what looks like Russian and Greek. Mr Cuss asks Mr Bunting to interpret the Greek part of it, but Bunting does not want to reveal that he has no knowledge of the language. During their conversation, it is revealed that Bunting is sceptical about the events of that morning and the possibility of an actual invisible man existing. As he pretends to read the diary, however, they are both suddenly held down by the neck by an invisible force and a voice that demands to know where its clothes are. The Invisible Man then threatens to attack them with the poker if they don’t sit quietly.

The reader is now given an account of these events from the perspective of Mr Hall and Henfrey who are discussing the events of the morning. They suddenly hear thudding and other stranger noises from the parlour and they stand outside the door and call out, asking if everything is all right. They hear Mr Bunting’s voice replying that everything is fine and that they should not interrupt, then the same voice raised in protest. Mr Hall and Henfrey are intercepted and scolded by Mrs Hall for being a nuisance but when they explain, she refuses to believe that something is wrong. Then Henfrey thinks he hears the parlour window opening and they hear Mr Huxter yelling for the thief to stop.

Mr Hall, Henfrey and two of the labourers in the bar of the inn rush out, chasing the stout stranger, convinced for some reason that he is the Invisible Man. But before they get very far, they are all attacked by an invisible force. Hearing the commotion, the people of the village come out of the field where the Whit Monday celebrations are taking place and see the men sprawled on the ground. Great confusion ensues as more and more people are attacked by the Invisible Man, who seems to have lost all control and is in a rage. Meanwhile, Mrs Hall is still at the inn and Mr Cuss appears from the parlour wearing a strange costume. He tells her with great agitation that the Invisible Man has taken his trousers and all of the vicar’s clothing! Cuss exits the inn but when he realizes that the Invisible Man is in a rage and attacking everybody in his path, he rushes back into the parlour where Mr Bunting is also trying to cover himself with a rug and a newspaper. He tells him that the Invisible Man is coming and alarmed, they both jump out of the window to escape him.

The people of Iping are all afraid of the Invisible Man’s attack and in panic, try to find places to hide from him. The man, meanwhile, goes around attacking people at random and breaking them windows of the inn and wrecking various things in Adderdean too.

When the narrative resumes, Mr Marvel and the Invisible Man are walking through the woods on the way to the town of Bramblehurst. Mr Marvel is still carrying the bundle and appears to be hurt, and from the conversation it is revealed that the Invisible Man thought Mr Marvel was trying to run away with his things and hurt him. Mr Marvel seems extremely unwilling to work for the Invisible Man, and tells him that he has a weak heart and is not suited for the kind of help that the Invisible Man needs. But the Invisible Man refuses to let him go, telling him that he is his only tool, even if he is a weak one. He constantly bullies and threatens Mr Marvel, telling him that he will be sorry if he doesn’t help him. They pass through a village, with the Invisible Man holding Mr Marvel by the shoulder to prevent him from trying to run off again.

At ten the next morning, a dusty, exhausted Mr Marvel is found sitting on a bench outside an inn in Port Stowe. The Invisible Man has abandoned the bundle in the table-cloth, so now Mr Marvel only has the books. A mariner comes up to him and begins to make conversation about strange news in the newspaper. He tells Mr Marvel the story of the Invisible Man as reported in the paper, in full detail, and Mr Marvel is anxious of being identified but realizes that he has not been described in the newspaper article. He keeps an ear out for the Invisible Man but when he thinks he is safe, he begins to tell the mariner that he knows some information about the Invisible Man. But before he can reveal it, he jumps up and announces he has a toothache and clutches at his ear. He gathers the books and as he leaves, he is prompted by the Invisible Man to tell the mariner that it is all a hoax and that he knows the man who started the rumour. The mariner is irritated with Mr Marvel for letting him tell him the whole story when Mr Marvel knew it already, instead of stopping him right at the beginning.

Later, the mariner hears of the rumours of ‘floating money’, fistfuls of money that are found floating by themselves in various places, from shops and inns and banks, and of people who try to catch them being attacked by a mysterious force. The mariner realizes only much later that this money must have ended up in Mr Marvel’s pocket, and that he had a brush with the Invisible Man.

The reader is introduced to Dr Kemp, a tall, blond, slender scientist, who is resting in his study near the town of Burdock. He is an ambitious young man of science, and suddenly, he catches sight of a man, who the reader recognizes as Mr Marvel, running very fast down the hill at a distance. Dr Kemp is irritated at the sight, as it reminds him of the panic around the rumours of the Invisible Man, which he finds unscientific and medieval.

Those who see the running man nearby, however, realize that he is extremely panicked and feel only sympathy for him, despite the heavy purse full of money that he carries, and begin uneasily to wonder what he is running from. Behind Marvel, there are sounds of someone chasing, but no one is to be seen, and soon word reaches the town even before Mr Marvel that the Invisible Man is coming, causing great fear and panic.

Mr Marvel arrives in complete panic at an inn named the ‘Jolly Cricketers’ at the bottom of the hill, where the barman is in conversation with a cabman and an American with a local policeman. Mr Marvel screams that the Invisible Man is after him and that they should lock the door and protect him. Mr Marvel then hides in the bar and the men lock all the other doors, unlocking only the front door. Arming themselves, they wait for the Invisible Man to enter. Instead, another cabman enters and tells them that the yard door is unlocked and the Invisible Man might have already entered the building. Soon afterwards, the bar door is forced open and Mr Marvel is pulled away by an invisible force and dragged into the kitchen. The policeman, barman and cabman enter the kitchen and almost manage to overpower the Invisible Man but he goes berserk and fights them all and manages to get away, entering the narrow yard.

The American fires five shots into the yard with his revolver, and is certain that he must have shot the Invisible Man. He asks the others to look for his body in the yard.

Dr Kemp hears the shots being fired from where he is working in his study and it disturbs him so much that he is not able to concentrate on his work for the rest of the day. He hears the bell ring and the maid answers it but when he asks her she says that there was no one at the door. He finally gets back to his work and decides to go to bed at two in the morning.

While getting a drink from the kitchen, he notices dried blood on the floor and finds that the door handle of his room is also bloodstained. He enters the room and finds a lot of blood on the sheets and hears a noise in the room, and then someone says his name. The Invisible Man suddenly begins talking to him and Dr Kemp is extremely startled and.frightened. Finally, the Invisible Man manages to calm him enough to ask him for some help as he is tired, hurt and hungry. It so happens that they already know each other and the Invisible Man was Dr Kemp’s junior at the university. For the first time, he introduces himself by name, which is Griffin. He explains that a man stole his money and that some stranger shot him because everyone is afraid of him. He demands some food and clothes from Dr Kemp, who gives him a robe and food from the pantry. Griffin smokes a cigar after finishing his meal. Dr Kemp is startled by his tale and wants to know from where Griffin got the money that was stolen; he is also eager to know how Griffin became invisible but he is too tired to tell him anything. The Invisible Man wants to sleep but even though Kemp assures him that he would be safe, the Invisible Man is scared of being caught and doesn’t want to trust Dr Kemp.

The Invisible Man, despite being suspicious of Dr Kemp, still needs sleep. So, he goes to sleep after locking himself inside Dr Kemp’s room, who goes to the dining room and stays up all night thinking and talking out loud to himself. He spots the newspaper that is lying in the room and reads the reports in it about the strange events in Iping. At the end of it, he concludes that the Invisible Man must be not just mad but also homicidal. The household staff arrive meanwhile and much to their surprise, he asks them to set breakfast for two. He reads in the newspaper about the events of the previous day and about Mr Marvel, although there is no mention of money or the books. He concludes that the Invisible Man is mentally disturbed and sends off a note to someone, just as the man upstairs wakes up in a foul mood.

Griffin smashes Kemp’s chair because he wakes up in a bad temper, but Kemp doesn’t object and instead leads him to the room upstairs for breakfast. Finally, Griffin begins his story about how he gave up medicine because of his interest in science and in particular the theories of optics. He worked under a provincial professor against whom he guarded his work carefully. Griffin realized that the only way matter could become invisible is if it neither reflects, refracts nor absorbs light, i.e., if the refractive index of the object is the same as the air around it; and that the human body is capable of this. The only part of the human body that has colour and therefore cannot do this is the blood and hair, which have pigments. After six years of secret research, however, Griffin found a way to make blood transparent and yet he is at a dead end because of lack of money.

At this point, he reveals that he stole the money he needed from his father, who had borrowed it from someone else and therefore killed himself when it was lost. Griffin went ahead and bought the equipment he needed with his father’s money and gave the man a very cheap funeral, and he does not have any sympathy for him because of his ‘sentimentality’. He went back to his lab where he felt at home and where he figured out how to complete his experiment.

The only thing he reveals to Dr Kemp is that the object whose refractive index is to be reduced must be kept between two vibrating centres of a new kind of vibration. He experimented with wool fabric first, then with a cat that entered his room. The experiment was not wholly successful as the back of the cat’s eyes never became fully invisible. The owner of the cat had come looking for it, but she could not see it in his room, so she left. After the success of the experiment, Griffin did not know what to do with himself, and his money was running out. The landlord then arrived and revealed that the cat’s owner suspected Griffin of torturing his cat in the night. He wanted to look around the room and asked a lot of questions, so Griffin threw him out of the room.

Understanding that now the time had come to act quickly, he began the process of becoming invisible himself. The process of turning the blood colourless is, however, very painful and he became very weak. He had to force himself to finish the process and when he was halfway through it, he was interrupted by the landlord who was horrified to see that Griffin’s face was completely white, like stone! He went away in a hurry and Griffin completed the process, and became fully invisible.

By that time, the landlord returned with his sons and tried to break into the room, while Griffin hid on the ledge outside the window. They were unable to locate him because of his invisibility and were also not able to understand what the equipment in his room was for. Finally, Griffin escaped from there, but admits quite openly that he set the house on fire, and in response to Dr Kemp’s exclamation of horror, he says that the house was probably insured; and that this was the only way to destroy all the evidence.

Griffin describes his first experiences upon becoming invisible. He felt a great sense of power and exultation when he realized the things he can do with invisibility but very soon discovered the problems it brought. Although he was tempted to play pranks on people, he realized how dangerous it could be when someone accidentally knocked into him with a heavy basket. Griffin had grabbed it spontaneously but this caused so much uproar that he realized he would be discovered very soon unless he was careful. He also found that being naked and wandering around in the cold of January was very uncomfortable and that dogs could sense him with their noses even though he was invisible. He wandered around the town and was almost discovered by a group of young men who saw his footsteps in the snow, appearing mysteriously. He was chased, but he lost them in the crowd and made sure thereafter that he travelled only on the small, empty side roads. Suddenly, there were shouts and he looked back and realized that it was a fire—the fire he had set to bum his own clothes and equipment.

The Invisible Man then tells Kemp about his dilemma as he was out in the open in the cold weather, with no shelter or clothing. Finally, an idea struck him and he made his way to the emporium named Omnium which sold many different kinds of things. He managed to slip into the shop and found a hiding place among a pile of mattresses,’and waited for a chance to rob the store of some clothes that would make him look somewhat human at least. Once the shop had shut and all the employees had put away the things on display and had left, Griffin began to prowl around, looking for the things he needed. He found clothes to cover every inch of his body except the eyes, found a fake nose in the toys section and food in the refreshment sections. He also took money from one of the counters and feeling well-fed and warm for the first time in a while, he went to sleep among the mattresses. He dreamt strange dreams of being buried in his father’s grave as he was invisible, and woke to find that the shop had opened.

Since he was fully dressed, he was visible and quickly discovered and what followed was a chase around the store, from one department to the next, and Griffin managed to get away only by wounding his assailants. Finally, he took off his clothes and became invisible again and managed to leave the store undetected, but once again vulnerable.

The Invisible Man thus began discovering the problems of being invisible and unnoticed: any food he ate would be visible till it was assimilated in his system and rain, snow, fog and accumulating dust would give him away. He went back to the poorer section of the city and came across a costume shop with masks and wigs, which gave him an idea. He entered the shop and planned to rob it of costumes and money. The owner of the shop, however, proved more difficult to handle that he anticipated, for he was very alert and had very acute hearing. So, he quickly grew suspicious of the little noises that Griffin made in moving around the house. Griffin waited for him to settle down for the night and then began exploring the house, but forgot that he should not make much noise and so the owner of the house almost discovered him. He started locking the doors of all the rooms in the house because of his suspicions, and when the Invisible Man realized that he would be locked in soon, he got violent, and hit the other man on the head and tied him up with a sheet.

When Dr Kemp expresses his moral objections to these actions, Griffin explains that such morals are for ordinary people and then begins to get irritated with Dr Kemp, who therefore calms down and talks to him in a softer tone. Griffin goes on to narrate how he stole clothes and money from the man’s house, and although he looked hideous with the mask and wig, nobody took much notice of him. He enjoyed the sense of power that being invisible gave him, and decided to live life as he liked it. However, he ran into many unexpected difficulties that came from wanting to keep his invisibility a secret. He finally worked out a plan, a chemical formula that will make him visible again when he wishes to, after finishing all he needs to do as an invisible man. He says he will share the formula with Dr Kemp. Therefore, to work it out properly, he bought the necessary equipment and came to Iping. Griffin asks Dr Kemp if anybody had died because of his attack, and laughs and seems quite unrepentant when Dr Kemp tells him that people were seriously injured and not dead. He complains about how everybody else is stupid and how frustrating this is for him.

When Griffin finishes his story, Dr Kemp asks him what his future plans are, and what he originally planned to do in Port Burdock. Griffin tells him that he had originally planned to leave the country and go south, where the temperature would be better suited for him to wander about invisible, but now that he has run into Dr Kemp, his plans have changed. He wants to get his books. Dr Kemp tells him that Mr Marvel has surrendered himself for safe custody in the strongest cell of the prison there but he, Dr Kemp, might be able to retrieve Griffin’s books if Mr Marvel does not know he is working on Griffin’s behalf. Meanwhile, there are sounds outside, and Dr Kemp realizes that the men he wrote the note to are arriving, and keeps the conversation with Griffin to prevent him from noticing their footsteps. Griffin tells him that with Dr Kemp’s help, he will take over the town and then the country in a reign of terror as it is easy for him to attack and kill anyone as an invisible man. As Dr Kemp objects to this, Griffin finally notices the noises in the house and realizes what has happened.

He calls Kemp a traitor and begins undressing, preparing to flee, but Kemp exits the room and tries to lock him in. But the Invisible Man manages to break free just as Colonel Adye, the police chief that Kemp contacted, reaches the landing. The colonel watches as Kemp is attacked by an invisible force and then he is also attacked viciously. Finally, the Invisible Man runs down the stairs, past the constables downstairs and escapes from there.

Dr Kemp quickly gives Adye a gist of the Invisible Man’s story and warns him with great urgency that he must be caught at once, otherwise he would execute his plan of the reign of terror. He tells Adye of the books that are the only things of value to Griffin, and that Mr Marvel and the books must be protected. He tells Adye that all the houses must be locked in the town and no food should be easily available to Griffin. He hopes for cold weather and rain and instructs Adye to set every man in the force to comb the area for Griffin so that he can neither eat, sleep nor rest. Kemp also suggests that Adye finds dogs which can sniff out the Invisible Man, even if they can’t see him, and that all weapons must be hidden from him.

As a final, plan, Kemp asks Adye to cover the roads with powdered glass. He admits that it is cruel but can think of no other way to stop a man like Griffin, who now seems to be beyond the reach of humane morality, and will kill anyone at will.

The Invisible Man then disappears from human contact for the whole afternoon as he tries to recover from his rage at Kemp’s betrayal. Nobody sees or hears from him but this period of inaction works to his disadvantage as in that time, the news about him spreads like wildfire throughout the district, and people begin preparing to fight him. Schools are shut early and common folk are advised to keep their doors locked. Men gather together in twos and threes with dogs to beat the countryside looking for him. Goods trains into and out of the district are suspended and passenger trains are locked during the journey. From a rumour, the Invisible Man becomes a tangible threat that they must all struggle against.

The Invisible Man commits his first murder and the body of a man named Wicksteed, the steward of Lord Burdock, is found and it is clear from the state of his corpse that he must have been bludgeoned to death by an iron rod that is found nearby.

The story reconstructed from the crime scene is that Griffin must have pulled the iron rod out of a fence, meaning to use it as a weapon, and Wicksteed, perhaps not even knowing of the existence of an Invisible Man, saw the iron rod floating by itself as he was passing by and began following it. At one point, Griffin probably found himself trapped between a bush of stinging needles and a gravel pit, with the middle aged man behind him. In anger at being trapped, he must have gone wild and beaten up Wicksteed severely, killing him. After this, he must have made his way into town and realized that the preparations are being made against him and read the notices put up everywhere. After managing to find something to eat and resting through the night, though, he comes back in full strength and malignancy in the morning.

Dr Kemp receives a letter the next morning from Griffin, accusing him of betraying him and saying that Griffin would now go on a reign of terror for sure. He says in the letter that he will begin by executing Dr Kemp and no matter however much he tries to hide or protect himself, he will be dead by the end of the day, which Griffin calls the First Day of the Terror. Dr Kemp, however, sends notes through his maid to Adye and believes that this threat can become a trap to catch Griffin. Adye arrives soon at the house and tells Dr Kemp that his maid was intercepted by the Invisible Man. At this point, the windows in Dr Kemp’s house begin to be smashed one by one, but all the shutters are drawn so the glass falls outside. Adye borrows Dr Kemp’s revolver and leaves the house to get help, but is stopped by the Invisible Man who takes the gun from him and asks him to return to the house. Adye pretends to agree but tries to attack Griffin, who shoots him with the revolver. Dr Kemp then hears the sound of wood being smashed and realizes that Griffin has found an axe and is forcing his’way through the kitchen window. Two policemen arrive at the house at this point with the maid and Dr Kemp warns them of the danger.

Dr Kemp, the maid and the policemen wait for Griffin, armed with a poker. When he arrives with his axe, he asks the policemen to stand aside and give him Kemp but they begin fighting him. The first one tries to wound him with the poker, but he misses and Griffin hits him on the head with the axe. The second policeman, however, finds his mark and wounds Griffin. Griffin retreats into the hall, and the policemen realize that in the confusion Dr Kemp has escaped with the maid.

Mr Heelas, Dr Kemp’s neighbour, is a sceptic who does not believe in the rumours about the Invisible Man. He wakes up from his afternoon sleep and finds that Dr Kemp’s house looks like it has been hit by a riot. He then observes the maid and Kemp escaping through the window and finally understanding the situation, raises the alarm in his house so that all the doors and windows are locked. He refuses to let Dr Kemp into the house, and so Dr Kemp begins to run down the hill towards the town.

When Dr Kemp reaches the town, people stare at him because of his strange haste and ignoring them, he runs towards the police station. He hears footsteps behind him and calls out that the Invisible Man is after him. He tries to disappear into the crowd and changes his course and takes a little side road. When he emerges on the main street again, he sees there is a crowd chasing after someone, and suddenly, Kemp is struck by an invisible hand. He is hit again and falls to the ground and feels a knee on his diaphragm and hands around his neck, gripping. But the grip is weak and when Kemp catches hold of the wrists, there is an exclamation and his attacker pulls back. By this time, the crowd reaches them and the Invisible Man is struck with a navvy.

Dr Kemp manages to then escape his clutches and pins him down. The crowd surrounds them and begins to beat up Griffin. Dr Kemp, realizing that he is hurt, yells for them to stop. Somebody yells that Dr Kemp shouldn’t let him go as he is only pretending to be hurt. Dr Kemp denies this and tells them that the man is not breathing. Then, suddenly, the crowd sees the ghostly outline of a hand, and from there, slowly, Griffin becomes visible again. The Invisible Man is finally revealed, and they see that he is a young man of thirty with the white hair of an albino. His horrified eyes are open, and he is dead. His body is covered up and he is taken into the ‘Jolly Cricketers’ inn.

The author advises the reader to go to the ‘Jolly Cricketers’ inn if he wants to know more about the Invisible Man. The bartender there tells the whole story, and what happened after Griffin’s death when he was accused of keeping all the money that Griffin stole. The author says that if the reader asks him about Griffin’s lost books, he will deny any knowledge of them. But every night and every Sunday morning, the inn keeper goes into the bar parlour and after making sure no one can spy on him, he pulls out the three books of Griffin from a cupboard and looks through them. Though he cannot understand a word of the cipher, it fills him with a feeling of wonder. And nobody would be able to discover his secret as long as he lives.

Silas Marner Summary in English by George Eliot

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Silas Marner Summary in English by George Eliot

George Eliot’s Silas Marner is based in the beginning of the nineteenth century in England. This was the time when the introduction of machines and heavy industries was bringing about a change in British society. Old values, ethics and ways of living were being replaced by new. Silas Marner, the central character of the novel, lives in this changing society.

Silas Marner does not belong to the city. He is a linen-weaver and lives in the countryside, in the village of Raveloe. Since he is the only weaver in the village, he gains importance among the villagers. Marner is not rich, but at the same time, he is not poor. However, it is not money or the lack of it that makes him unhappy. People look down upon him as an outsider, as someone who cannot be trusted. This attitude of the villagers disturbs Marner and he does not feel at home in Raveloe.

Things take a turn for the worse when Marner is suspected of being a witch doctor. One day, Marner’s neighbour is sick and asks him for help. Marner’s herbal treatment cures her. But this leads the villagers to believe that there is indeed something supernatural or even evil about him. Since Marner often experiences fits, the people suspect him even more. To make matters worse, news reaches Raveloe that he had been thrown out of the religious sect to which he belonged in a place called Lantern Yard.

In Lantern Yard, Marner was a deeply devout Christian. However, the senior deacon under the care of Marner died. When the deacon’s money bag was recovered from Marner’s house and Marner’s pocket-knife was recovered from the Deacon’s bureau, he was accused of being a thief and thrown out of Lantern Yard. His engagement to Sarah, an inmate in Lantern Yard, was broken and she, in turn, married Marner’s friend William. In fury and despair Marner renounced his faith since he had eagerly hoped that God would come to his help.

In such a climate of distrust and dislike, Marner finds himself increasingly isolated and unwanted. In Raveloe he works diligently, but loses every human connection with the village society. He does not once visit the church and this is one of the reasons why he is looked down upon by the villagers. Shunned by the villagers as an evil man, Marner seeks, and perhaps finds, comfort in his work. As time passes, Marner though friendless, accumulates a lot of wealth and it appears that his wealth is his most beloved friend and his sole companion.

New characters are introduced in the third chapter. Here one comes across the Squire, the British equivalent to a zamindar in India. In the novel, it is the Squire’s sons – Godfrey and Dunstan – who are of importance and not so much the Squire himself. Godfrey, the older son is handsome but rather weak-willed. The younger son Dunstan, popularly called Dunsey, is heavily into gambling and drinking.

Despite Godfrey’s flaws, villagers in Raveloe like him and hope to see him married to the pretty village girl, Nancy. While there is nothing apparent to stop this marriage, an ugly secret between the brothers threatens it. Godfrey and Dunstan have a furious quarrel over a hundred pounds: money which was rent from a tenant. Godfrey had lent this sum to his brother who quite predictably squandered it. With the Squire asking for the money, Godfrey now insists that Dunstan returns it to him.

When Godfrey threatens to report the matter to the Squire, Dunstan threatens Godfrey that he would tell the Squire of Godfrey’s secret marriage to Molly, an opium addict. Thus, Godfrey’s marriage to Nancy would be impossible. With this piece of information comes a revelation that Godfrey was actually lured into the marriage as a trap so that Dunstan could always exert influence over him. This revelation clears Godfrey of his wrongdoing and also shows the reader that Dunstan is an ill- natured man.

The problem is resolved when Dunstan suggests that Godfrey should sell Wildfire, Godfrey’s horse, and pay the Squire. Godfrey reluctantly agrees to do it. It becomes clear that Godfrey has feelings for the beautiful and noble Nancy; and it also shows that Godfrey is weak-willed, and is easily manipulated by his cunning brother.

The focus of the novel, from here on, is Dunstan. On his way to sell Godfrey’s horse, Duncan passes Marner’s cottage and thinks about borrowing money from Marner instead of selling the horse. However, he soon dismisses the thought because he feels that it would be more pleasurable to see the sorrow on Godfrey’s face after selling the horse. Dunstan soon runs into some of his friends, who are out on a hunting expedition. Not only does he make a deal with them to sell the horse, he even joins them with the intent to show them his horse. His plans go horribly wrong when Dunstan tires the horse and in the midst of a leap, severely injures and kills it. Since everyone is deeply engrossed in the hunt, nobody notices this mishap. Dunstan escapes without much injury.

On his way home, while he is about to pass by Marner’s cottage, Dunstan wonders about the rumour of Marner’s hoarded wealth. Given the current situation he is in, he can go to any lengths to save himself. It is already dusk and the light from Marner’s window invites him to carry out his ill intentions. Luck seems to be on his side as the door is unlocked, and though there is meat roasting on the fire, Marner is not at home. Dunstan spots a tiny mound of sand inside and rushes towards it. After sweeping it away, he removes the loose bricks below, and finds the bags of gold which belong to Marner. Dunstan takes the bags of gold – Marner’s savings of a lifetime – and flees.

Unfortunately, Marner is again at the receiving end of a theft and this leaves him extremely upset. Till now, he was happy as a loner but now he is desperate for help. Initially, Marner suspects a poacher called Jem Rodney but he’s not sure whether Jem has taken the gold. For the first time in years Marner seeks company to share his grief and heads for the village tavern, the Rainbow. When he reaches the Rainbow, he finds that most of the people have gone to the dance. He remembers Godfrey being excited about it since he had hoped to meet Nancy there.

These dances were important social interactions. The dances gave the opportunity to the people to have a drink together, or share a joke, or dance. However, strict codes of propriety had to be adhered to and the dances took place under the supervision of the elders. The Rainbow may be seen as an example of Raveloe society. From the familial space, the focus shifts to the public arena. The power equation is shown clearly.

The rich order expensive spirits and are seated near the fire, w hile the poor order beer and sit further away from the fire. It may be gathered from the conversations that the village folk are rather simple-minded and do not indulge in much thinking about anything that does not have any direct impact on their lives. Their needs are limited and so are their worldviews.

Everyone in the tavern is startled by Marner’s appearance. Since Marner preferred to be alone, people hardly saw him, and now, with his looks of bewilderment and grief, he looked nothing less than a ghoul. Jem Rodney is present as well, but soon Marner stops suspecting him when he is told that Jem was with the landlord at the time of the theft.

However, once they find out about Marner’s loss, the villagers show great concern. It is decided that the villagers will help Marner in trying to recover his money.

From the Rainbow, the scene now shifts to the household of the Squire. Upon returning from the dance, Godfrey finds that his brother is not at home, but his feelings for Nancy keep him distracted. The next morning the entire village is talking about the theft. Though some pity Marner, some are dismissive of his situation, stating that the words of Marner are nothing but the ravings of a mad man. When the dwelling of Marner is checked for clues, a tinder-box is recovered. Though not much comes out of this discovery, Mr Snell, the tavern owner, reminds the search party that a peddler had mentioned a tinder-box some time ago.

Though no one sees anything suspicious about the disappearance of Dunstan, Godfrey tells his father that the money received as rent had been spent by Dunstan. He also informs the Squire about the misfortune that has befallen Wildfire.

The short-tempered Squire is very angry and blames his sons for all his misfortunes. He also expresses his discontent over Godfrey’s hesitation in proposing marriage to Nancy. The Squire even proposes to play match-maker and act on behalf of Godfrey. However, Godfrey is miserable and cannot take a decision. He’s simply unable to muster courage and tell his father the reason why he is not in a position to marry Nancy.

As time passes, it becomes more and more evident that there is very little hope of any recovery of Marner’s money. Some of the villagers of Raveloe seem to have softened. They come to Marner’s cottage to cheer him up and offer their regrets over his misfortune. One such visitor is a pious woman named Dolly Winthrop. She and her son, Aaron, bring him lard cakes. She insists that Marner visits the church; which according to her is the only source of solace. But Marner is beyond any consolation. He has formed a kinship with his money; so the subsequent loss of it makes him almost inconsolable. It is Christmas time, and while the villagers of Raveloe are in a mood to make merry, Marner is in a mood to mourn.

After the Christmas festivities, the New Year dance is an event eagerly awaited by all in Raveloe. At this juncture in the narrative, the focus directly shifts on how life was like for the womenfolk in Raveloe. Till now we knew about the life of the women in the lower strata of the society; but now one sees what life was like for women belonging to the more privileged sections.

Nancy Lammeter, the love interest of Godfrey, arrives in the Squire’s household along with her father and her sister, Priscilla. In the eleventh chapter, one notes how intensely conscious the women are of their social class – especially of their socio-economic standing. Though Nancy seems uncomfortable with Godfrey, she cannot help but wonder what it would be like to be the mistress of such a splendid house. While the Squire keeps asking Godfrey to speak to Nancy about marriage, Godfrey is unable to decide what to do.

While the dancing and merry-making is underway in the Squire’s house, Godfrey’s wife Molly is walking towards the Red House with her baby in her arms. She is aware that a party is going on there and intends to avenge her misfortune. While she directs her anger towards her husband, she is equally aware that her opium addiction is the root cause of all her misery. Besides, she also resents the fact that while she’s bearing all the poverty and cold, her husband is enjoying a life of wealth and comfort.

Weakened by ill-health and addiction, Molly sits down on the roadside and has some opium to relax her, and soon becomes unconscious and dies. The child in her arms, upon finding her mother’s grip loose, starts toddling towards the light emanating from Marner’s cottage window. After the theft Marner has been in a wretched state himself. He keeps the door open, hoping that someone might bring back his gold. On this day when Molly’s daughter makes an appearance, the door is unlocked as always and Marner is having a fit. By the time he recovers, the child is already inside the house and asleep by the fireplace. Marner has grown old and has become short-sighted. When he recovers, all he can see is what seems to be a mound of gold. Marner is thrilled. He thinks his gold has been returned to him. But upon touching the mound, he realizes that it is the silken golden hair of a child. The child reminds him of his sister who died in her childhood. He is taken back to his days in Lantern Yard. He feeds the child some porridge and follows the footprints of the child. Before long, he finds Molly’s corpse.

The party in the Red House is in full swing when Marner makes a sudden appearance with the child in his arms. The Squire is irritated to see this unwelcome visitor. Godfrey immediately recognizes the child and turns pale. Marner narrates to them the circumstances in which he came into the possession of the child. When it is confirmed that the child’s mother is indeed dead, Godfrey breathes a sigh of relief. Marner informs the people that he intends to bring up the child. Though Godfrey seems a little uneasy about Marner taking custody of his daughter, he is also quick to notice that this is the best option, given the circumstances. The death of Molly gives him the liberty to propose marriage to Nancy. He feels that since his daughter is under the care of Marner, he will certainly be able to keep an eye on her.

Molly’s death brings relief not only to Godfrey but also gives the child a better life. Had she been under Molly’s care or the lack of it, she was almost destined for a difficult life. In Marner’s household, she finds a very loving father figure. He loves her and cares for her. Seeing the love and concern that Marner has for her, the villagers start liking him and offer their help in whichever way they can. Dolly Winthrop often comes to help him and it is she who suggests that the child be baptized. Although he is reluctant at first, Marner gives in. Marner and the child get baptized. He names her Hephzibah, the name of both his long-dead mother and sister. People in Raveloe, including Marner, lovingly call her Eppie.

With Eppie’s arrival, life takes a dramatic turn for Marner. Marner is no longer an outcast; the villagers have a new-found love and admiration for him. While his earlier wealth had kept him aloof from society, his new-found wealth, Eppie, has brought him in close contact with the people. In the spring and summer, they are to be found in the open fields. Even when he is out to collect yam, little Eppie is his constant companion. The very children who were terrified of him, seem to like him.

Godfrey, too, keeps an eye on Eppie and every once in a while offers help. He is content to see his daughter being showered with love by Marner. Without any worries in his life, even Godfrey seems to have become a new man. Even the villagers have noticed a change in him.

When the novel opens in the second section, sixteen years have elapsed. There have been many changes in the people who live there. In this section we find the characters being re-introduced.

Squire Cass has died and his estate has been divided. Godfrey is one of the most noble and respected residents in Raveloe. He has married his beloved Nancy. Silas Marner, in his fifties has become a part of the society in Raveloe. Little Eppie has grown up. Dolly Winthrop’s son Aaron is deeply in love with her. Dolly, we are told, is Eppie’s godmother.

At this point, it appears that Marner has stopped running from his painful past and has accepted it. He talks to Dolly and Eppie about his life in Lantern Yard. Marner has also revealed the fact to Eppie that he is not her biological father. She does not seem perturbed as she believes that nobody could have loved her and cared for her like Marner had. However, Eppie is quite curious to know about her mother and keeps looking at her mother’s ring, which Marner had given her. Eppie informs Marner that Aaron has proposed marriage to her and since she loves him she intends to marry him. She says that Aaron does not mean to desert Marner and wants him to stay with them as their father.

During this time, the pit near Marner’s cottage is being drained. The fields need to be watered and the water from the pit near Marner’s dwelling is being used for this purpose.

The focus now shifts from the residence of Marner to the Red House – the Cass residence. As mentioned earlier, the Squire is dead and his younger son, Dunstan, has not been seen again after stealing Marner’s money. The elder son Godfrey has married Nancy and now the Red House is orderly and peaceful under her supervision. However, not all is well in the Cass dwelling. Nancy has had a miscarriage and she is childless since. Godfrey has suggested adoption time and again but Nancy sees adoption as meddling with Providence. While Godfrey tries to persuade her to adopt a child she continues to oppose his suggestion. Godfrey even suggests adopting Eppie but to no avail. Godfrey has turned out to be a rather thoughtful person. With Eppie growing up in front of his eyes, it appears that Godfrey remembers Molly, who he never acknowledged as his wife, and the grief he had caused her.

In chapter eighteen, the skeleton of Godfrey’s younger brother, Dunstan, is found in the pit near Marner’s cottage. The body had been in the pit all along and is discovered while it was being drained to water the fields. The money Dunstan had stolen is also found on him.

Godfrey is shaken but it is not only because of the death of his younger brother. What appears to have disturbed him most is the realization that all evil comes to light at some point or the other. One may succeed in hiding it for a while but not for long. In his state of disorder and shock, he confesses to Nancy that in his married life he has had one secret. The woman Marner found dead in the snow, long years ago, was actually his wife, Molly, and the child that Marner has been raising as his own is actually Godfrey and Molly’s.

Nancy’s maturity and nobility of character comes to the fore when in response she tells her husband that had he made this confession to her earlier, he would have spared Eppie the situation of being motherless and spared Nancy the pain of being childless. Nancy makes it clear to him that she forgives him simply because he has been a good husband to her but the wrong he has done to Eppie is not to be forgiven easily.

While Marner and Eppie are sitting in their cottage talking thoughtfully about the discovery of Dunstan and the money, Nancy and Godfrey arrive. They offer to adopt Eppie which is very politely and firmly refused even when the advantage of this adoption is explained to them. Upon meeting strong refusal from them, Godfrey realizes that he has no choice but to reveal to Marner that Eppie is his daughter and it is only right that she comes and stays with him. Even Nancy thinks that Godfrey is very justified in wanting his daughter back in his life with him.

Much distressed and angered, Marner says that the decision is neither his nor Godfrey’s to make as to who has greater claim over her and that it is entirely Eppie’s decision as to with whom will she live. After Nancy, it is now Eppie’s turn to show her nobility of character and makes it very clear to both Godfrey and Nancy that despite all the benefits, she has no intention of abandoning the person who has brought her up with such love and devotion.

Godfrey and Nancy come back home and realize that Eppie’s mind is already made up and that she is probably going to marry Aaron. Godfrey says that Eppie’s refusal to acknowledge him as her father is the punishment he deserves for all the wrongs he has committed. At the same time, he says that he is indeed grateful that Nancy, the love of his life, is still with him.

The final chapter contains an interesting peek into nineteenth century British society and what industrialization was doing to it. With the money recovered, Marner and Eppie travel to Lantern Yard. They are surprised to see that the place has changed beyond recognition. The high buildings and narrow, filthy lanes frighten them. The old chapel of Marner has been replaced by a large factory and none of the old residents of Lantern Yard are to be seen anywhere. Marner is content that Raveloe is his home now and that Eppie is his precious possession. Upon returning, Dolly tells him that truth matters most in the end and as he has always stood for the truth, he has no reason to feel unhappy.

The book concludes with an account of the beautiful marriage ceremony of Eppie and Aaron. Nancy and her sister Priscilla comment on the event along with their father. At the Rainbow, the people discuss the life of Marner. As the wedding procession arrives at its destination, one is told that Aaron and Eppie have decided to stay with Marner in his cottage. Interestingly, a beautiful garden has been now laid and Godfrey has paid for the expense.

On The Face of It Summary in English by Susan Hill

We have decided to create the most comprehensive English Summary that will help students with learning and understanding.

On The Face of It Summary in English by Susan Hill

On The Face of It by Susan Hill About the Author

Susan Hill (born on 5 February 1942-) is an English author of fiction and non-fiction works. Her novels include The Woman in Black, The Mist in the Mirror and I’m the King of the Castle. She received the Somerset Maugham Award in 1971 for her novel I’m the King of the Castle. She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 2012 Birthday Honours for her services to literature. She is known to explore the inner fears and loneliness. Her works reflect honest suffering and optimism.

Author NameSusan Hill
Born5 February 1942 (age 78 years), Scarborough, United Kingdom
EducationKing’s College London, Barr’s Hill School & Community College, Scarborough Convent School
AwardsSomerset Maugham Award, Nestle Smarties Book Prize for 6 to 8 years, John Llewellyn Rhys Prize, Costa Novel Award
MoviesThe Woman in Black, The Woman in Black: Angel of Death, Je Suis le seigneur du chateau
On The Face of It Summary by Susan Hill
On The Face of It Summary by Susan Hill

On The Face of It Introduction to the Chapter

The play is about the friendship between an old man and a young boy who is withdrawn and defiant. Both of them had some physical impairment, but the outlook of each of them towards life in general and people in particular was very different. The old man had a positive outlook towards life, whereas the young boy with the scarred face had become withdrawn and pessimistic.

On The Face of It Theme

The play, “On the Face of It” brings out the idea that the people who have any handicap/ physical impairment of some kind, generally suffer from a sense of loneliness and mental pain. It also talks about how appearances are deceptive and most often, we go on dealing with impressions and prejudices about others without caring to know about them actually.

On The Face of It Summary in English

The play entitled, “On the Face of It” written by Susan Hill deals with the issue of the disabled people. It does not deal with actual pain or inconvenience due to a physical impairment which distresses a disabled person. It rather deals with the behaviour of the people all around him. People discard the disabled person as a useless limb and refuse to accept him as a part and parcel of society. It makes him feel alienated from the human society and he wants to live in seclusion.

The play has two disabled persons, Derry, a young lad of fourteen who bears a burnt face, and Mr Lamb, an old man with a tin leg. Derry is quite withdrawn and defiant. He, by chance meets Mr Lamb in his garden. The old man devises ways and means to overcome his feelings

of isolation and disappointment. He even helps the boy to come out of his seclusion and infuses in him the courage and determination to live on successfully in this world without bothering about what others say or feel about him.

On The Face of It Main Characters in the Chapter

Derry

Withdrawn and defiant; bitter towards the world; lonely and pessimistic; cares too much about his disability and hates it when people stare or pity him.

Mr Lamb

Optimistic; lonely but happy; does not care too much about his disability and has learnt to accept it.

On The Face of It Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How does Mr Lamb keep himself busy when it is a bit cool?
Answer:
Mr Lamb collects crab apples and makes jelly out of them, when it is cooler. He leaves his gates open to welcome whoever wishes to come into the garden.

Question 2.
Why does Derry tell Mr Lamb that he is afraid of seeing himself in the mirror in the story, ‘On the Face of It’?
Answer:
Derry’s face had become scarred due to acid burns. This terrified him and brought in bad memories of the incident. In order to avoid them, he avoided seeing himself in the mirror.

Question 3.
Mr Lamb’s advice to Derry was the product of his goodness of heart or to befriend him to overcome his loneliness. Give reason.
Answer:
Mr Lamb genuinely liked Derry and wanted him to overcome his inhibitions towards life. He did not want the boy to suffer and have a poor self-esteem because he had a burnt face. He gave his example only for him to understand what can be done to overcome loneliness and to make him understand that a disability should not stop one from enjoying life.

Question 4.
People are insensitive to those who have disabilities. Give instances from the story, ‘On the Face of It’.
Answer:
People generally pity the handicapped or react with disgust when they see them. For instance, people would stare at the burnt face of Derry and comment on it. He even heard two women commenting, looking at his face that only a mother could love a person with such a face. Even his own family was worried about his future. Similarly, Mr Lamb was also stared at by people, and children even called him Lamey-Lamb.

Question 5.
How does Mr Lamb try to remove the baseless fears of Derry?
Answer:
Mr Lamb gave confidence and courage to Derry. He suggested that Derry should get over his physical impairment instead of brooding over his burnt face. He told Derry that he still has two hands, legs, eyes, a tongue and a brain, and if he puts them to right use by setting his mind to it, he can get on better than all the rest.

Question 6.
What did Derry’s mother think of Mr Lamb?
Answer:
Derry’s mother did not have a good impression of Mr Lamb. She thought he was not a good man. She did not want Derry to associate with him in any way.

Question 7.
What consolation did people give when they saw his acid burnt face?
Answer:
Derry’s face was burnt by acid on one side. When people looked at his face, they drew back in horror. They pretended to show sympathy as if he was an object.

Question 8.
Mr Lamb told Derry the story of a man who hid himself in his room. Why did the man do so and with what result?
Answer:
The man was afraid of everything. He felt that he would die if he went out and so he hid himself in a room. In the end, a picture fell off the wall on his head and killed him.

Question 9.
Why does Mr Lamb leave his gate always open?
Answer:
Mr Lamb leaves his gate always open to welcome children. He did not have his own children. He has an apple orchard. He offered them apples and its jelly.

Question 10.
What peculiar things does Derry notice about the old man, Lamb?
Answer:
Unlike the other people, who were horrified on looking at Derry, Mr Lamb did not show any dislike or horror at the way Derry looked. This surprised him. He also found it strange that even though the man himself was handicapped, he lived happily. He had a zest for life and encouraged him in ways no one had. He made him aware of his strengths and the importance of not pitying oneself.

Should Wizard Hit Mommy Summary in English by John Updike

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Should Wizard Hit Mommy Summary in English by John Updike

Should Wizard Hit Mommy by John Updike About the Author

John Hoyer Updike (18 March 1932 – 27 January 2009) was an American novelist, poet, short story writer and art and literary critic. His most famous work is his ‘Rabbit Series’. His fiction is focused on the concerns, passions and sufferings of the average American.

He is considered as one of the greatest American writers of his time. Updike had a style which is rich and unusual and sometimes arcane vocabulary is conveyed through the eyes of “a wry intelligent authorial voice”. He described the physical world in a realist tradition.

Author NameJohn Updike
Born18 March 1932, Reading, Pennsylvania, United States
Died27 January 2009, Danvers, Massachusetts, United States
ChildrenElizabeth Updike Cobblah, Miranda Margaret Updike
AwardsNational Book Award for Fiction, Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
Nationality‎American
Should Wizard Hit Mommy Summary by John Updike
Should Wizard Hit Mommy Summary by John Updike

Should Wizard Hit Mommy Introduction to the Chapter

This story deals with a child’s view of the world and the difficult moral questions she raises during f the story session with her father. Jack (Joanne’s father) had become accustomed to, or putting it J more precisely, obligated to telling stories out of his head to his daughter Joanne during the evenings and Saturday afternoons! This tradition itself was now two years old and Joanne had been two when it started.

These stories were almost the same except for some slight variations. It started with a creature usually named Roger (Roger fish, Roger squirrel, Roger chipmunk), who had some problem and went with it to the wise owl. The owl directed him to go to the wizard, who would solve his problem i in exchange for a few pennies more than the creature had and in the same breath would direct the f creature to go to a place where he could find it. Then, the Roger creature would be happy and would l return home just in time to hear the train whistle that brought his daddy home from Boston.

Should Wizard Hit Mommy Theme

The main theme of this story is the relation of children with their parents. Children’s fantasies and the messages of stories they bring with them affect children and sometimes, make them critical.

Should Wizard Hit Mommy Summary in English

The story, “Should Wizard Hit Mommy?” written by John Updike, revolves around the conflicting views of a child and a parent on the child’s future. Parents express their own expectations. They desire that their children should grow up as per their expectations. However, children have their own ambitions and aspirations.

Jack used to tell his little daughter Jo bedtime stories. When she grew a little older, she began to ask a number of questions. For some time, Jack was not able to invent new stories. Thus, the basic story was the same but its hero changed. The hero, a small animal known as Roger meets an owl with its problem. The owl directs Roger to the wizard. The wizard solved the problem with his magic wand. Roger felt good. He played along with animals of the woodland. But when his father used to come back, he went back home to eat supper with him. Jo feels happy with this ending.

Later, her father told the story of a little animal called Roger Skunk. Just like other heroes of his stories, even Skunk has a problem. He used to smell awfully bad. The wizard made him smell like roses, and little animals liked him and played with him. Jo was again happy. However, Skunk’s mother wanted Skunk to get back his original smell. She took him back to the wizard. The wizard again made Skunk smell as awful as ever. Skunk’s mother was happy. However, Jo was not happy. She desired that the wizard should hit the stupid mother. However, Jack defended the mother’s action.

Should Wizard Hit Mommy Main Characters in the Chapter

Jack

He is the protagonist of the story. He is a married man. His wife, Clare is pregnant and they have a four-year-old daughter, Jo and a two-year-old son, Bobby.

Jo

She is Jack and Clare’s four-year-old daughter. She is a growing girl. As she is growing, she has begun to contradict things.

Roger Skunk

Roger Skunk is the protagonist of the story that Jack narrates to Jo. He is bullied for his foul Skunk smell. He wants nothing more than to play with the other animals.

Should Wizard Hit Mommy Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Why did Roger Skunk go in search of the wizard?
OR
Why did Roger Skunk go to the wizard?
Answer:
Roger Skunk had no friends to play with, since he smelled very bad. Everybody made fun of him. This upset him. He went to the owl to ask for help, who directed him to the wizard.

Question 2.
How did the Skunk’s mother get Roger Skunk’s old smell back?
Answer:
Roger Skunk’s mother went to the wizard and hit him on his head and asked him to give back Roger Skunk’s smell. The wizard obliged and gave the baby skunk’s smell back.

Question 3.
What help did Roger Skunk get from the wizard?
Answer:
The wizard helped Roger Skunk by casting a spell on him, which made him smell like roses. This helped Roger Skunk get friends to play with and made him happy.

Question 4.
Why did Jo disapprove of Jack’s ending of the story of Roger Skunk? How did she want it to end?
Answer:
In Jack’s story, the protagonist, Roger Skunk, is shown as an obedient child. He meekly goes with his mother to get his previous smell back. This was against his wishes and he would have rather wished the smell of roses, since it would have enabled him to have friends to play with. Jo is a child and from a child’s perspective, playing with friends is very important. Therefore, she wanted it to end it with Roger Skunk smelling like roses and being able to play with his friends. She also wanted the wizard to hit the mother.

Question 5.
What impression do you form of Jack as a father in the story, ‘Should Wizard Hit Mommy?
Answer:
Jack is portrayed as a loving father, who loves telling stories to his four-year-old daughter, Jo. He brings in the dramatic element in his otherwise lame and boring story by using a lot of gestures and dramatic voices. This thrills his daughter, which eventually thrills him. Everything is fine till one day his daughter starts questioning his stories. She views each statement that her father makes with a critical eye and has a lot of questions. Instead of pacifying her by answering her questions, Jack tried to enforce his views on her. Therefore, we can say that Jack is loving and responsible but slightly an immature father.

Question 6.
Why did Jo think Roger Skunk was better off with the new smell?
Answer:
Jo thought about Roger Skunk and his wish to smell better in order to play with his friends from a child’s perspective. For her, it was important that wishes are fulfilled, and a wish of being able to play was foremost.

Question 7.
Why was Roger Skunk’s mummy angry with him? What did she finally tell him?
Answer:
Roger Skunk’s mother was angry with him since he no longer smelled the way all skunks smelled. Though the other animals felt it to be a stink, for her it was an identity. Finally, she asked Roger Skunk to go along with her to the wizard to revoke the spell.

Question 8.
How did Roger Skunk pay the wizard?
Answer:
Roger Skunk only had four shillings to pay the wizard. The wizard wanted seven shillings. On seeing Roger Skunk’s sad face, the wizard takes pity on him and directs him for the remaining three shillings. Roger Skunk goes in search of them and eventually pays the wizard the money.

Question 9.
What did Jo want Roger Skunk’s mother to be punished for?
Answer:
Jo believed that the mother was insensitive, cruel and unfair. Roger Skunk’s mother didn’t let him retain the smell of roses which he had got from the wizard. It would have helped him make friends.

Question 10.
Which do you think is a better ending of Roger Skunk’s story, Jo’s or her father’s? Why?
Answer:
A better ending of Roger Skunk’s story would have been Jo’s—for Roger Skunk to smell like roses forever. The mother need not have interfered in the matter. Roger Skunk would have, over a period of time, understood himself whether it was right or wrong. I believe that Jo’s idea of the wizard hitting the mother is wrong, just like it was wrong on the part of the mother to hit the wizard.