CBSE Class 7

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 5 Rulers and Buildings are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 5 Rulers and Buildings.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 5 Rulers and Buildings

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

IMAGINE
I You are an artisan standing on a tiny wooden platform held together by bamboo j and rope fifty metres above the ground. You have to place an inscription under the first balcony of the Qutb Minar. How would you do this?
Answer.

• I would first fix packings in the wall.
• Then chisels would be got through the inscription at its four comers.
• Then the inscription would be fixed on the wall below the balcony.

LET’S RECALL

Question 1.
How is the ‘trabeate’ principle of architecture different from the ‘arcuate’!
Answer.
In the trabeate principle of architecture roofs, doors and windows were made by placing a horizontal beam across two vertical columns. In the arcuate principle of architecture, the weight of the superstructure above the doors and windows was carried by arches.

Question 2.
What is a Shikhara?
Answer.
Shikhara is a superstructure above the main shrine (garbhagriha) in which the main deity is placed in the temples. The construction of shikhara was the most tedious and long-lasting task in the temple construction.

Question 3.
What is pietra-dura?
Answer.
Pietra dura refers to the coloured, hard stones placed in depressions carved into marble or sandstone which create beautiful ornate patterns.

Question 4.
What are the elements of a Mughal Chahar bagh garden?
Answer.
The elements of a Mughal Chahar bagh garden are as under :

• The garden was placed within rectangular walled enclosures and divided into four quarters by artificial channels.
• The four divisions were symmetrical.

LET’S UNDERSTAND

Question 5.
How did a temple communicate the importance of a king?
Answer.
Kings usually constructed temples to demonstrate their devotion to God and their power and wealth. Here we can mention the Rajarajeshvara temple which was built by King Rajarajadeva for the worship of his god, Rajarajeshvaram. It is noticeable that the names of the ruler and the god are very similar. The king took the god’s name because it was auspicious and he wanted to appear like a god. Through the rituals of worship in the temples one god le. Rajarajadeva honoured another le., Rajarajeshvaram.

Kings usually constructed the largest temples. The other, lesser deities in the temple were gods and goddesses of the allies and subordinates of the ruler. The temple was a miniature model of the world ruled by the king and his allies. As they worshipped their deities together in the royal temples, it seemed as if they brought the just rule of the gods on earth.

Question 6.
An inscription in Shah Jahan’s diwan-i Khas in Delhi stated: “If there is Paradise on Earth, it is here, it is here, it is here.” How was this image created?
Answer.
The architectural design of Shah Jahan’s diwan-i Khas (audience hall) in Delhi’s Red fort, created the image of Paradise on Earth. Some of the main features are as under:

1. Emperor’s throne was placed in the west direction. In Islam, it is the direction towards Mecca from India. Therefore, the emperor was equated with the place of God in Islam?
2. Everyone who attended the court faced west, a direction faced by Muslims while praying.
3. The depiction of legendary Greek God Orpheus behind the king’s throne gave the message that the king’s justice would treat the high and low as equals, creating a world where all could live together in harmony.
4. These features gave the image of Paradise on earth.

Question 7.
How did the Mughal court suggest that everyone—the rich and the poor, the powerful and the weak—received justice equally from the emperor?
Answer.
The Mughal court suggested that everyone—the rich and the poor, the powerful and the weak received justice equally from the emperor as the Diwan-i am was for all. All could collect there and put their grievances before the emperor without any bias or discrimination. The Pietra Dura work behind the throne suggests the same.

Question 8.
What role did the Yamuna play in the layout of the new Mughal city at Shahjahanabad?
Answer.
The river Yamuna had a very significant role in the layout of the new Mughal city at Shahjahanabad. Shah Jahan preferred the river-front garden in the layout of the Taj Mahal. He developed the same architectural form as a means to control the access that the nobles had to the river. In the new city of Shahjahanabad, the imperial palace also commanded the river-front. Only the most favoured nobles were given access to the river. Other than those had to construct their homes in the city away from the river Yamuna. It expanded the layout of the city.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 9.
The rich and powerful construct large houses today. In what ways were the constructions of kings and their courtiers different in the past?
Answer.

• The constructions of kings were done over a large area with special raw materials such as red sandstone, marble, diamonds, etc.
• On the other hand, buildings had plans for the water systems, tanks, and gardens.
• The directions were of special considerations. For example, placing the throne in diwan-i khas in the west direction.
• The new innovations were always welcomed in the constructions by kings. For example, pietra-dura.
• Buildings made by kings often had a fusion of regional architecture such as Gujarati, Rajasthani, and Bangla domes.
• It can be assumed the buildings of nobles must not have had such features.

Question 10.
Look at the Figure below. How could that building be constructed faster today?

Answer.
Such buildings can be constructed faster today with the help of cranes and other modern machines.

LET’S DO

Question 11.
Find out whether there is a statue or a memorial to a great person in your village or town. Why was it placed there? What purpose does it serve?
Answer.

• Yes, it is of Mahatma Gandhi. It was placed there to commemorate the Father of the Nation’.
• It renews the sacrifice of the father to the nation daily when one passes by it.

Question 12.
Visit and describe any park or garden in your neighbourhood. In what ways is it similar to or different from the gardens of the Mughals?
Answer.
The gardens of Mughals gardens were spread over a very large area. There was a large variety of flowers. They were well-decorated and protected. But the garden in my neighbourhood is not so large. Everyone has easy access to this garden. So the flowers are not safe. Thus, we don’t find any similarities.

INTEXT QUESTIONS WITH THEIR ANSWERS

Question 1.
What differences do you notice between the Shikharas of the two temples? Can you make out that the Shikhara of the Rajarajeshvara temple is twice as high as that of the Kandariya Mahadeva? (NCERT Textbook Page 62)
Answer.

1. Shikhara of Rajarajeshvara temple is bigger than that of the Kandariya temple.
2. Yes.

Question 2.
Compare Fig. 2(a) and 2(6) with Fig. 5(a) and 5(b). (NCERT Page 63)
Answer.

1. Fig. 2 (a) shows the screen in the Quwwat-al-Islam mosque, Delhi.
2. Fig. 2 (b) shows the Corbelled technique used in the construction.
3. Fig. 5 (b) shows an image of True arch, details from Alai Darwaza of Quwwat- al-Islam mosque.
4. Fig. 5 (a) shows the ‘arcuate’ form of architecture. The ‘keystone’ at the centre of the arch transfers the weight of the superstructure to the base of the arch.

Question 3.
Describe what the laborers are doing, the tools shown, and the means of carrying stones. (NCERT Page 63)
Answer.
Labourers are involved in the construction of a huge gate. They are using old tools like hammers, and techniques for breaking the stone. Stones are carried manually.

Question 4.
Why were temples destroyed? (NCERT Page 65)
Answer.

1. Kings built temples to demonstrate their devotion to God and their power and wealth.
2. When they attacked one another’s kingdoms, they often targeted these buildings.
3. In the early ninth century when the Pandyan king Shrimara Shrivallabha invaded Sri Lanka and defeated the king, Sena I (831-851) it is believed that “he removed
   all the valuables the statue of the Buddha made entirely of gold in the Jewel Palace and the golden images in the various monasteries’.
4. The blow to the pride of the Sinhalese ruler had to be avenged. The next Sinhalese ruler, Sena II, ordered his general to invade Madurai, the capital of the Pandyas.
5. His expedition made a special effort to find and restore the gold statue of the Buddha.
6. In the same way in the early eleventh century, when the Chola King Rajendra I built a Shiva temple in his capital he filled it with prized statues which he seized from defeated rulers.
7. An incomplete list included.
   • A Sun-pedestal from the Chalukyas.
   • A Ganesha statue and several statues of Durga.
   • A Nandi statue from the eastern Chalukyas.
   • An image of Bhairava (a form of Shiva) and Bhairavi from the Kalingas of Orissa.
   • A Kali statue from the Palas of Bengal.

Question 5.
In what ways do you think the policies of Rajendra I and Mahmud of Ghazni were a product of their times? How were the actions of the two rulers different? (NCERT Page 66)
Answer.

1. King Rajendra, looted the temples of defeated rulers and put the images in the newly constructed temples Mahmud of Ghazni destroyed and looted temples to give himself the credit of being a great hero of Islam.
2. In this way both were different -one constructed the temple, another destroyed the temple.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 5 Rulers and Buildings help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 5 Rulers and Buildings, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Air are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Air.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Air

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

Question 1.
Answer the following questions.

1. What is the atmosphere?
2. Which two gases make the hulk of the atmosphere?
3. Which gas creates the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere?
4. What is the weather?
5. Name three types of rainfall?
6. What is air pressure?

Answer.

1. The atmosphere is the blanket of air that surrounds the earth.
   • Nitrogen
   • Oxygen
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Weather is the total of atmospheric conditions of a specific place, at a specific time, regarding temperature, humidity, air pressure, clouds, winds etc.
4. Three types of rainfall are:
   • Cyclonic or Frontal rainfall.
   • Orographic rainfall
   • Convectional rainfall
5. 
6. Air pressure: Air has weight and exerts pressure. Hence, air pressure is an impact which occurs due to air weight.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which of the following gases protects us from harmful sun rays?
(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Ozone
Answer.
(c) Ozone.

(ii) The most important layer of the atmosphere is
(a) Troposphere
(b) Thermosphere
(c) Mesosphere
Answer.
(a) Troposphere.

(iii) Which of the following layers of the atmosphere is free from clouds?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
Answer.
(b) Stratosphere.

(iv) As we go up the layers of the atmosphere, the pressure
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains the same
Answer.
(b) Decreases.

(v) When precipitation comes down to the earth in the liquid form, it is called
(a) Cloud
(b) Rain
(c) Snow
Answer.
(b) Rain.

Question 3.
Match the following.
(i) Trade, Winds                   (a) Incoming solar energy
(ii) Loo                                  (b) Seasonal wind
(iii) Monsoon                        (c) Horizontal movement of Air
(iv) Wind                               (d) Layer of ozone gas
                                              (e) Permanent wind
                                               (f) Local wind
Answer.
(i) Trade                                   (e) Permanent wind
(ii) Loo                                     (f) Local wind
(iii) Monsoon                           (b) Seasonal wind
(iv) Wind                                  (c) Horizontal movement of Air

Question 4.
Give reasons.

1. Wet clothes take a longer time to dry on a humid day?
2. Amount of insolation decreases from the equator towards the poles?

Answer.
1. Because on a humid day, there is more water in the air than on a sunny day. So, air can soak less water from wet clothes, i.e. rate of evaporation decreases.

2. Because sun rays fall vertical on the equator while slanting on the poles.

Question 5.
For fun.
(i) Solve this Crossword puzzle with the help of given clues.

Across
6. An Indian tree having the extraordinary quality of providing oxygen round the clock.
8. Gas present in the atmosphere occupying only 0.03% by volume.
11. Outermost layer of the atmosphere.
12. Mixture of many gases.
14. Life-giving gas.
15. Air in motion.
16. An Indian tree valued highly for medicinal properties.
18. Gas protecting us from harmful sun rays.
19. Low-pressure area.
Down
1. Amount of water vapour in the air.
2. Condensation of water vapours around dust particles in the atmosphere.
3. Example of local wind blowing in summer in northern India.
4. Short-term changes in the atmosphere.
5. Precipitation in liquid form.
7. Blanket of air around the earth.
9. Instrument to measure pressure.
10. Incoming solar radiation.
13. Reduces visibility in winters.
17. It is a time when the sun is overhead.
Answer.

(ii) Make a weather calendar for one week. Use pictures or symbols to show different types of weather. You can use more than one symbol in a day if the weather changes. For example, the sun comes out when the rain stops. An example is given below:

Answer.

INTEXT QUESTIONS WITH THEIR ANSWERS

Question 1.
For ten days note down weather reports from a local newspaper and observe the changes occurring in the weather. (NCERT Page 23)
Answer.
Do this exercise yourselves with the help of your social science teacher.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Air help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Air, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Environment are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Environment .

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Environment

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

Question 1.
Answer the following questions.

1. What is an ecosystem?
2. What do you mean by the natural environment?
3. Which are the major components of the environment?
4. Give four examples of a human-made environment.
5. What is the lithosphere?
6. Which are the two major components of the biotic environment?
7. What is the biosphere?

Answer.

1. The system formed by the interaction between living organisms themselves and between living organisms and their surroundings is called an ecosystem.
2. By natural environment, we mean the surroundings created by nature. The objects (surroundings) created by nature include mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, forests, wildlife, land, air, and water.
3. Major Components of the Environment
   • Natural Components:
     • Land (Lithosphere).
     • Water (Hydrosphere).
     • Air (Atmosphere).
     • Living things (Organisms).
   • Human-made Components:
     • Buildings.
     • Parks.
     • Bridges.
     • Roads.
     • Monuments.
     • Industries.
   •  Humans
     • Individuals
     • Religion
     • Political situation
     • Family
     • Education
     • Community
     • Economic
4. Examples of Human-made Environment: (Any four)
   • Buildings
   • Parks
   • Bridges
   • Roads
   • Monuments
   • Industries.
     
5. The lithosphere is the hard top layer of the earth.
6. Two basic components of Biotic Environments
   • Plants
   • Animals
7. A narrow zone on the earth where land, air, and water support life by interacting with each other is called the biosphere.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which is not a natural ecosystem?
(a) Desert
(b) Aquarium
(c) Forest
Answer.
(b) Aquarium

(ii) Which is not a component of the human environment?
(a) Land
(b) Religion
(c) Community
Answer.
(a) Land

(iii) Which is a human-made environment?
(a) Mountain
(b) Sea
(c) Road
Answer.
(c) Road

(iv) Which is a threat to the environment?
(а) Growing plant
(b) Growing population
(c) Growing crops
Answer.
(b) Growing population.

Question 3.
Match the following.
(i) Biosphere                                             (a) blanket of air which surrounds the earth
(ii) Atmosphere                                        (b) domain of water
(iii) Hydrosphere                                      (c) gravitational force of the earth
(iv) Environment                                       (d) our surroundings
                                                                 (e) the narrow zone where land water and air interact
                                                                 (f) the relation between the organisms and their surroundings
Answer.
(i) Biosphere                                             (e) narrow zone where land water and air interact
(ii) Atmosphere                                         (a) blanket of air which surrounds the earth
(iii) Hydrosphere                                       (b) domain of water
(iv) Environment                                        (d) our surroundings

Question 4.
Give reasons.

1. Man modifies his environment
2. Plants and animals depend on each other

Answer.

1. Man modifies his environment to meet his various needs. For example, he clears forests for obtaining land for agriculture and for making shelter. He extracts minerals from the earth for making various things. He makes dams for producing electricity. These are a few of the ways in which man modifies his environment.
2. Animals, whether carnivores or herbivores, ultimately depend on plants for their food. Also, plants provide fresh oxygen to animals to breathe in. These keep the environment clean and provide shelter to a number of animals. On the other hand, animals provide carbon dioxide which plants use for making their food. Dead and decaying matter of animals provides nutrients to plants to help them grow.

Question 5.
Activity.
Imagine an ideal environment where you would love to live. Draw a picture of your ideal environment.
Answer.
An Ideal Environment

1. Optimum population.
2. An adequate number of plants (forests) and animals (wildlife).
3. Pollution-free -Air
   • Water
   • Land.
4. Adequate health and sanitation services.
5. Amicable and comfortable surroundings.
6. No strife, stress, and strains.
7. Peaceful living.
8. Adequate government care.

For drawing a picture of the ideal environment, take help from your subject and drawing teacher.

INTEXT QUESTIONS

Question 1.
Look at your surroundings. Make a list of uses that the land in your neighbourhood is being put to. (NCERT Page 3)
Answer.

1. Agriculture
2. Animal Rearing
3. Buildings
4. Roads
5. Institutions
6. Industries.

Question 2.

1. Where does the water you use in your home and school come from?
2. Make a list of different uses of water in our daily life.
3. Have you seen anyone wasting water? How? (NCERT Page 3)

Answer.

1. From DJB connection
2. Uses
   • Drinking – Industrial use
   • Food preparation – Sewage disposal
   • Washing
   • Bathing
   • Cleaning
3. Yes. By keeping the water tap open and water flowing without any use.

Question 3.
(i) Observe the sky while coming to school.
Make a note of whether the day is cloudy, rainy, sunny, foggy, etc. (NCERT Page 3)
Answer.
The day is sunny

• It is hot.
• It is not comfortable to sit in the sun.
• We keep ourselves cool, sitting in front of the fans or coolers.

Question 4.
Talk to some elderly person in your neighbourhood and collect information about:
(i) The trees in his her neighbourhood, when he was your age.
(ii) The indoor games he played.
(iii) His/her favourite fruit at your age.
(iv) How did they make themselves comfortable during hot summers and cold winters’?
Display your answers on a wall/bulletin board. (NCERT Page 5)
Answer.

1. Neem, Peepal, Sheesham.
2. Table Tennis, Chess, Carom Board.
3. Mango.
   • In hot summers — sitting under the shadows of trees, fans.
   • In cold winter — sitting in the sun, charcoal fire at night.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Environment helps you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Environment, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 A Shirt in the Market are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 A Shirt in the Market.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 A Shirt in the Market

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

Question 1.
What made Swapna sell the cotton to the trader instead of selling at the Kurnool cotton market?
Answer.

1. Because at the beginning of the cropping season Swapna had borrowed Rs. 2,500 from the trader to buy seeds, fertilizers, pesticides for cultivation.
2. At that time, the local trader made Swapna agree with another condition. He made her promise to sell all her cotton to him. This condition made Swapna sell the cotton to the trader instead of selling at the Kurnool cotton market.

Question 2.
Describe the conditions of employment as well as the wages of workers in the garment exporting factory. Do you think the workers get a fair deal?
Answer.

1. Conditions of Employment
   • Unhygienic conditions
   • No regular service.
   • Very congested place
   • In the lean period, workers are thrown out of jobs.
   • No job security.
   • No arrangement of urinals, bathrooms, drinking water, etc.
2. Wages
   • Very low/depending on the job profile
   • On contract
   • No regular job
3. No, the workers do not get a fair deal.

Question 3.
Think of something common that we use. It could he sugar, tea, milk, pen, paper, pencil, etc. Discuss through what chain of markets this reaches you. Can you think of the people that help in the production or trade?
Answer.

1. Sugar
2. Chain of markets:
   • Sugarcane growers—the farmers.
   • Kanta (weighing Machine) and purchaser of sugarcane—Mill agent.
   • Sugar mill.
   • Wholesale Dealer {Trader).
   • Retailer.
   • Consumer.
3. People that help in the production or trade of sugar:
   • Farmers
   • Millowner
   • Workers
   • Wholesaler
   • Retailer
   • Consumer.

Question 4.
Arrange the statements given below in the correct order and then fill in the numbers in the cotton bolls accordingly. The first two have already been done for you.
1. Swapna sells the cotton to the trader.
2. Customers buy these shirts in a supermarket.
3. Trader sells cotton to the Ginning Mill.
4. Garment exporters buy the cloth from merchants for making shirts.
5. Yarn dealers or merchants give the yarn to the weavers. is.
6. The exporter sells shirts to the businessperson from the USA.
7. Spinning mill buys the cotton and sells yarn to the yarn dealers.
8. Weavers return with the cloth.
9. Ginning mill cleans the cotton and makes it into bales.
Answer.
1. Swapna sells the cotton to the trader.
3. Trader sells cotton to the Ginning Mill.
9. Ginning mill cleans the cotton and makes it into bales.
7. Spinning mill buys the cotton and sells yam to the yarn dealers.
5. Yarn dealers or merchants give the yarn to the weavers.
8. Weavers return with the cloth.
4. Garment exporters buy the cloth from merchants for making shirts.
6. The exporter sells shirts to the businessperson from the USA.
2. Customers buy these shirts in a supermarket.

INTEXT QUESTIONS

Question 1.
Did Swapna get a fair price on the cotton? (NCERT Page 105)
Answer.
No.

Question 2.
Why did the trader pay Swapna a low price? (NCERT Page 105)
Answer.
The trader paid Swapna a low price because of the following reasons:

1. Swapna had taken a loan from the trader.
2. She had promised to sell her cotton to him.
3. He misused his power and exploited her due to lack of bargaining power in her.

Question 3.
Where do you think large farmers would sell their cotton? How is their situation different from Swapna? (NCERT Page 105)
Answer.

1. Large farmers would sell their cotton to the market at higher prices.
2. Their situation is different from Swapna because
   • She is a small farmer.
   • She had promised to sell cotton to the trader as she had taken loan from him.
   • She had no bargaining power.

Question 4.
What are the following people doing at the Erode cloth market—merchants, weavers, exporters’! (NCERT Page 107)
Answer.

1. Merchants: They are getting the woven cloth from the weavers after paying them wages for weaving cloth for them.
2. Weavers: They are handing over the cloth to the merchants and getting their wages.
3. Exporters: They are arranging the cloth for exports.

Question 5.
In what ways are weavers dependent on cloth merchants? (NCERT Page 107)
Answer.
Weavers are dependent on cloth merchants in the following ways:

1. They weave clothes on their behalf.
2. They get wages for weaving.
3. They get thread from cloth merchants.

Question 6.
If the weavers were to buy yarn on their own and sell cloth, they would probably earn three times more. Do you think this is possible? How? Discuss. (NCERT Page 108)
Answer.
Yes, it is possible if the weavers take financial assistance from cooperatives. They can buy yam and sell cloth at higher price.

Question 7.
Do you find similar ‘putting-out’ arrangements in making papads, masalas, beedisl Find out about this in your area and discuss in class. (NCERT Page 108)
Answer.
Yes. Do this exercise yourself.

Question 8.
You might have heard of cooperatives in your area. It could be in milk, provisions, paddy etc. Find out for whose benefit they were set up? (NCERT Page 108)
Answer.
Hints:

1. To provide financial assistance at a low-interest rate.
2. To purchase products from producers on reasonable prices.
3. To save them from middlemen and traders.
4. To increase bargaining power of the producers.

Question 9.
What are the demands foreign buyers make on the garment exporters? Why do the garment exporters agree to these demands? (NCERT Page 109)
Answer.

1. Low price of the garments.
2. Fineness.
3. High standards and quality of production.
4. Promptness. The exporters agree to their demands as their job is to finish the work in time and earn money.

Question 10.
How do the garment exporters meet the conditions set by the foreign buyers? (NCERT Page 109)
Answer.

1. The exporters meet the conditions set up by the foreign buyers through the following means:
2. They employ workers at lowest labour cost especially women.
3. They fix the targets daily for workers to complete or increase working hours.
4. The standards fixed are closely watched and implemented.
5. They get maximum work from workers.
6. They also maximise their own profits.

Question 11.
Why do you think more women are employed in the Impex garment factory? Discuss. (NCERT Page 110)
Answer.
More women are employed in the Impex garment factory because they work hard and remain busy always. They do not raise disputes and do their work dutifully.

Question 12.
Write a letter to the Minister asking for what you think would be a proper payment to the workers. (NCERT Page 110)
Answer.
Date: ……….
To
The Minister of Textiles
Govt, of India
New Delhi 110001

Subject: Proper payment to textile workers.

Hon’ble Sir,

The condition of the textile workers is not satisfactory. They are exploited due to their ignorance and their need. I would request you to please ensure proper payment for these workers.

Following are a few suggestions, your office can cross-check and the same can be announced so that factory owners follow them.

• Tailoring: ₹ 8000 per month
• Ironing: ₹ 3 per piece
• Checking: ₹ 6000 per month
• Thread cutting: ₹ 5000 per month
• Buttoning: ₹ 2 per shirt
  We would be obliged for the same.

Thanking your
Your’s sincerely
ABC

Question 13.
The shirt (See on page 110 of the NCERT Textbook) shows the profit made by the businessperson and the various costs that he had to pay. Find out from the diagram, what the cost price includes? (NCERT Page 110)
Answer.
The cost price includes: purchase, storage and advertising (200 + 100 + 300 = 600).

Question 14.
Compare the earnings per shirt of the worker in the garment factory, the garment exporter, and the businessperson in the market abroad. What do you find? (NCERT Page 111)
Answer.

1. The earning of the workers per shirt is very low. It is ₹ 15 per shirt.
2. Does the garment exporter earn₹ 100 per shirt?
3. The foreign businessman earns ₹ 600 per shirt.
4. In this way, the earnings go on increasing from worker to the businessman abroad.

Question 15.
What are the reasons that the businessperson is able to make a huge profit in the market? (NCERT Page 111)
Answer.

1. He sells his shirts to high-income people.
2. They do not ask for the prices.
3. He is a high profile businessman.

Question 16.
You have read the chapter on advertising. Why does the businessperson spend ₹ 300 per shirt on advertising? Discuss. (NCERT Page 111)
Answer.
Does the businessperson spend ₹ 300 per shirt on advertising because of the following reasons:

1. Advertising introduces the shirt to prospective buyers.
2. It creates attractiveness.
3. It presents the shirt in such a way that people buy instantly.
4. Branded shirts fetch more profits.

Question 17.
From the given pictures (See NCERT Textbook on page 107) state how the weavers weave the yarn into cloth and handover the cloth to the trader who had supplied them yam.
Answer.

1.  These traders have developed extensive contacts with garments’ firms around the country from whom they get orders. These traders purchase the yarn (thread) from others.
2. The weavers live in villages around and take the yam supplied by these traders to their homes where the looms are located in sheds adjacent to their house. The weavers and their families spend long hours working on these looms. Most weaving units have about 2-8 power-looms on which the yam is woven into cloth. A variety of sari, towels, shirting, ladies’ dress material, and bedsheets are produced in these looms.
3. They then bring back the finished cloth to the traders. Here, they can be seen getting ready to go to the trader in the town. The trader keeps an account of the yam given and pays them money for weaving this into cloth.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 A Shirt in the Market help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 A Shirt in the Market, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb Poem Chapter 1 The Squirrel are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb Poem Chapter 1 The Squirrel.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb Poem Chapter 1 The Squirrel

STANZAS FOR COMPREHENSION

Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow by choosing the correct option :
Question 1.
He wore a question mark for tail,
An overcoat of gray,
He sat up straight to eat a nut.
He liked to tease and play,
And if we ran around his tree,
He went the other way.
(Page 17)
word-Notes : Wore-had, made, पहने था/बनाये था। Question mark-sign of interrogation, प्रश्नचिह्न। For tail in the shape of a tail, पूँछ के रुप में। Overcoat-गाउन। Of gray-gray-coloured, भूरे रंग का। Straight-erect, सीधा/तन कर। Nut-अखरोट। Around-near, पास। Other way opposite direction, उलटी दिशा।

हिन्दी अनुवाद : पूँछ के नाम पर उसके पास एक प्रश्नचिह्न था, वह एक भूरे रंग का ओवरकोट पहने था। एक अखरोट खाने के लिए वह सीधा खड़ा था। वह छेड़ना और खेलना पसंद करता था, और अगर हम उसके वृक्ष के आस-पास दौड़ते तो वह दूसरे रास्ते चला जाता था।

Paraphrase : The formation of the squirrel’s tail that is raised upwards with its tip pointing downwards is identical to a question mark. It is blessed with a gray coat and positions itself straight to eat a nut. The squirrel is quite playful as it loves to run the opposite direction that the prank-loving human beings take when they run around its tree.

Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The squirrel wore
(a) a tail
(b) a wig
(c) a coat
(d) a smile
Answer.
(c) a coat

Question 2.
When the squirrel raises the tail
(a) its tip keeps pointing down
(b) it is never perpendicular
(c) it sends a caution to others
(d) it looks strange
Answer.
(a) its tip keeps pointing down

Question 3.
The squirrel’s hobby is
(a) eating nuts
(b) only playing
(c) to do some funny tricks
(d) to dance around the trees and play
Answer.
(c) to do some funny tricks and play

Question 4.
A squirrel likes to
(a) play with nuts
(b) play with human beings
(c) play around with trees
(d) play at all times
Answer.
(b) play with human beings

Question 5.
If humans ran around, the squirrel
(a) would soon hide itself
(b) would sit at one place
(c) wouldn’t be frightened
(d) would chase the humans
Answer.
(c) wouldn’t be frightened

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
(Page 17)

Working with the Poem

Question 1.
Why does the poet say the squirrel “wore a question mark for tatl” ? Draw a squirrel, or find a picture of a squirrel sitting on the ground. How would you describe its tail ?    (Imp.)
Answer.
The poet says that the squirrel ‘wore a question mark for tail because the tail of a squirrel appears so. When the squirrel raises it upwards to sit, its tip keeps
pointing to the ground making a sign of interrogation. Its tail can be described as long and bushy. Note. Students should draw a picture of squirrel as directed. Then they are suggested
to describe it in their own words.

Question 2.
Do we usually say that an animal ‘wears’ a tail ? What do we say ? (Think : Does an animal wear a coat ? Consult a dictionary if you like, and find out how ‘wear’ is used in different ways.)
Answer.
No. We do not usually say that an animal ‘wears’ a tail. But we do say that an
animal wears a coat. The different uses of ‘wear’.
(i) to carry or have on the body
Use : He wears a wig. He wears a ring.
(ii) to wear in one’s aspect
Use : He wears a smile.
(iii) to cause to diminish or deteriorate
Use : The waves have worn these rocks.
(iv) to consume gradually by use or any continued process
Use : Illness has worn the bloom from her face.
(v) to retain shape, colour, firmness etc.
Use : It’s a strong fabric that will wear.
(vi) (of time) to pass, especially slowly or tediously
Use: As the day wore on, we grew more discouraged.

Question 3.
“He liked to tease and play”. Who is teasing whom ? How ?
Answer.
The squirrel teases human beings. It does so when it eats nuts and other fruit which human beings eat.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb Poem Chapter 1 The Squirrel help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb Poem Chapter 1 The Squirrel, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.