Prasanna

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The Rebel Summary in English by D. J. Enright

The Rebel by D. J. Enright About the Poet

The Rebel Summary in English

A rebel is a person who always disagrees with you. He likes to do the opposite of what ‘ everyone loves to do. When everyone has short hair, the rebel sports long hair. When everybody lets his hair grow long, the rebel cuts his hair short. When others in the class s-talk, the rebel keeps silent. But when others are all quiet, the rebel breaks this silence. When other boys go to school in uniforms, the rebel puts on colourful clothes.

When other boys are in fancy dress, the rebel’s dress is simple. If others are dog lovers, the rebel prefers cats. But in the company of cat lovers, he praises dogs. When everybody longs for sunlight, the rebel longs for rain. When others go to the meeting, the rebel stays at home and reads books. When everybody agrees, the rebel disagrees. The rebels are necessary because they help us look at life differently. But this practice will not suit everyone.

The Rebel Summary in Hindi

विद्रोही वह होता है जो आपसे सहमत न हो। वह हमेशा जो दूसरे लोग करते हैं उसके विपरीत करना पसंद करता है। जब सभी छोटे बाल रखते हैं तो विद्रोही बड़े बाल रखता है। जब सभी बड़े बाल रखते हैं तो विद्रोही छोटे बाल करा लेता है। जब वर्ग के सभी बच्चे बातें करते हैं विद्रोही चुप रहता है। लेकिन जब सभी शांत रहते हैं तो वह शोर मचाता है। जब अन्य सभी स्कूल ड्रेस पहनते हैं तो विद्रोही रंगीन (फैंसी) कपड़ों में होता है। जब सभी रंगीन फैंसी कपड़े पहनकर आते हैं तो विद्रोही साधारण ड्रेस पहनकर आता है। जब सभी कुत्ते को पसंद करते हैं तो विद्रोही बिल्ली को पसंद करता है। परन्तु बिल्ली पसंद करने वालों के बीच विद्रोही कुत्ते की प्रशंसा करता है। जब लोगों को धूप की इच्छा होती है तो विद्रोही वर्षा की इच्छा करता है। जब अन्य सभा में जाते हैं तो विद्रोही घर में किताबें पढ़ने बैठ जाता है। जब सभी सहमति जताते हैं तो विद्रोही असहमत हो जाता है। विद्रोहियों की भी हमें जरुरत है क्योंकि वे हमें जीवन का एक अलग नजरिया पेश करते हैं। लेकिन ऐसी बात हर किसी को अच्छी नहीं लगती।

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The Tale of Custard the Dragon Summary in English by Ogden Nash

The Tale of Custard the Dragon by Ogden Nash About the Poet

Frederic Ogden Nash (1902-1971) was an American poet was an American poet famous for his light verse. He was known as the producer of humorous poetry. He received Sarah Josepha Hale Award in 1964.

The Tale of Custard the Dragon Summary in English

It is a narrative poem which describes a little girl Belinda and her pets. Her pets are a black kitten called Ink, a grey mouse named Blink, a yellow dog named Mustard and a coward dragon called Custard. The dragon has dragger like sharp nails, sharp teeth and spikes on his scales. All her pets consider themselves to be brave. They all use to sit on a red wagon and make fun of the dragon who is assumed to be a coward. A pirate enters the house all of a sudden having pistols in both hands. He is holding sword in his teeth. Belinda gets extremely frightened and cries for help.

But all the pets flee away and hide themselves. But Custard comes forward full of bravery. He fights with the pirate and swallows him. This shows that Custard is not a coward. All other pets are cowards. But, other pets start saying that they are brave and two or three times braver than the dragon. However., the reality is now clear. Indeed, the dragon is only brave while all others are simply cowards.

The Tale of Custard the Dragon Summary Questions and Answers

Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follows by choosing the most appropriate options.

1. Custard the dragon had big sharp teeth,
And spikes on top of him and scales underneath,
Mouth like a fireplace, chimney fora nose,
And realio, trulio daggers on his toes.

a. The above lines tell us about ……………………..
(i) kitten
(ii) mouse
(iii) dog
(iv) Custard
Answer:
(iv) Custard

b. It is a description of the ……………………..
(i) appearance of the dragon
(ii) courage of the dragon
(iii) heroism of the dragon
(iv) cowardice of the dragon
Answer:
(i) appearance of the dragon

c. The rhyme scheme of the stanza is ……………………..
(i) a a ; a b
(ii) a b ; a b
(iii) a a ; b b
(iv) a b ; b b
Answer:
(iii) a a ; b b

2. The pirate gaped at Belinda’s dragon,
And gulped soma grog from his pocket flagon,
He fired two bullets, but they didn’t hit,
And Custard gobbled him, every bit.

a. Belida was a ……………….
(i) village woman
(ii) cat
(iii) girl
(iv) dog
Answer:
(iii) girl.

b. Custard was Belinda’s pet ……………….
(i) dog
(ii) dragon
(iii) kitten
(iv) mouse
Answer:
(ii) dragon.

c. The Custard gobbled
(i) some spirits
(ii) two bullets
(iii) the pirate
(iv) Belinda
Answer:
(ii) two bullets.

3. Belinda tickled hi m, she tickled him unmerciful,
Ink, Blink and Mi istard, they rudely called him Percival,
They all sat laugl ling in the little red wagon
At the realio, trul io, cowardly dragon.

a. Who is Belinda ?
Answer:
Belinda is a young girl who lives in a little white house with her pets.

b. How did Belinda and the other pets laugh at the dragon?
Answer:
Belinda tickled him and the other pets compared him to brave Percival to make fun of him.

c. Which word in this extract means the same as ‘unkind’
Answer:
‘unkind’:- ‘rudely’

4. Belinda paled, and’she cried Help! Help!
But Mustard fled with a terrified yelp,
Ink trickled down to the bottom of the household,
And little mouse Blink strategically mouseholed.

a. Why did Belinda cry for help?
Answer:
Belinda cried for help as she saw a pirate standing with pistols in both his hands. She at once realised that he had bad intentions of harming her.

b. Who are Mustard and Ink?
Answer:
Mustard is the little yellow dog and Ink was the little black kitten.

c. What did they do?
Answer:
Mustard fled with a terrified cry and Ink ran down to the bottom of the house.

d. Where did the mouse slip away?
Answer:
The mouse Blink tactfully slipped into his hole.

5. Belinda lived in a little white house,
With a little black kitten and a little grey mouse,
And a little yellow dog and a little red wagon,
And a realio, trulio, little pet dragon.

a. Who is the mistress of the house?
Answer:
Belinda is the mistress of the house.

b. How many pets does she have?
Answer:
She has four pets I.e. a kitten, a mouse, a dog and a dragon.

c. ‘Kitten,’ ‘mouse’ and ‘dog’ are enemies to each other. What effect do you think they create here?
Answer:
‘Kitten’, ‘mouse’ and ‘dog’ are enemies to each other but in the poem they create farcical effect.

d. What is the rhyme scheme in the stanza?
Answer:
The rhyme scheme in the stanza is a, a, b, b.

Question 6.
Belinda tickled him, she tickled him unmerciful.
Why did Etelinda tickle Custard so severely?
Answer:
Belinda tickled Custard so severely because this was her way of teasing and making fun of the cowardly dragon Custard.

Question 7.
But Custard cried for a nice safe cage.
Who is Custard? Why did he cry for a ‘nice safe cage’?
Answer:
Custard is a dragon.-He wants a nice safe cage for him, it shows his basic nature of being calm and quiet and above all he is coward.

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Animal Farm Chapter 7 Summary

The winter had arrived and it was bitter and stormy weather. The work continues on the windmill through the bitter winter because the animals want to prove themselves to the humans outside the farm, who doubt them. These same humans say the windmill collapsed because the walls were too thin, but the animals continue to believe that Snowball is responsible. However, they also decide to rebuild the windmill with thicker walls, which means they need more stones. Collecting the stone in winter weather is slow and difficult, impeding their progress. Only Boxer and Clover, with their unshakable work ethic, keep up the animals spirits.

Other problems also abound. In January an improperly planted crop fails, leaving the farm with a severe food shortage from the outside world. Napoleon and the animals work frantically to conceal the shortage from the outside world. Rumours of famine are already circulating among the humans, so confirming these rumours would put the farm in danger. The animals are instructed to talk about increased rations when Mr. Whymper is around. Still, Napoleon makes arrangements to sell more of the hen’s eggs so the farm can buy grain to make up for the shortfall in their stores.

Wanting their eggs to become chicks, the hens rebel, laying their eggs in the hen house rafters so they fall to the floor and break. Napoleon responds Jjy withholding the hen’s rations, but their resistance still lasts for five days. Nine hens die of starvation, but Napoleon makes sure the other animals are told they died of disease.

It was heard that Snowball was hiding in one of the adjoining farms. There was a pile of timber and Mr. Pilkington ‘ and Mr. Frederick, were interested in it. However, whenever the deal took shape, Snowball was noticed to be in that particular farm. Everything bad that happened in the farm was put on Snowball’s head. Even broken windows and blocked drains were put on his name. All the bad things that happened were blamed on Snowball, even if the true causes became apparent later. Eventually, Squealer announces Snowball, has sold himself to Frederick and says Snowball was always in league with the humans, even fighting for Jones at the Battle of Cowshed.

Later, Napoleon uses the threat of Snowball to eliminate some of his enemies. During a meeting, he sends his dogs after the four pigs who question his trade plans, the hens that have rebelled over the eggs, and a few other animals who confess to working with Snowball. All of these animals are executed immediately. This violence stuns the other animals, especially Clover.

After the executions, she and other animals got there on the knoll where the windmill stood. In an attempt to comfort themselves, the animals try to sing ‘Beasts of England ‘but Squealer tells them the song in now banned, replaced with a new song swearing allegiance to Animal Farm. Minimus, the poet, had composed it but somehow neither the words nor the tune was as appealing as ‘Beasts of England’.

Animal Farm Chapter 7 Summary Word Meanings:

• Emboldened – Give someone the courage or confidence to do something
• Pullets – A young hen, especially less than one year old
• Lurking – Be or remain hidden so as to wait in ambush for someone or something
• Frisking – Skip or leap joyfully, frolic
• Tumult – A state of confusion or disorder
• Knoll – A small hill or mound.
• Swishing – Move with a hissing round
• Spinney – A small area of trees and bushes.
• Whinny – A gentle, high pitched neigh
• Lumbering – Moving in a slow, heavy, awkward way.

Animal Farm Chapter 7 Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
When it was all over, the remaining animals, except for the pigs and the dogs, crept away in one body. They were shaken and miserable. They did not know which was more shocking: the treachery of the animals who had leagued themselves with Snowball, or the cruel retribution they had just witnessed Since Jones had left the farm, until today, no animal had killed another animal.
(i) Mention the two crimes that the four pigs had just confessed to. As a result what happened to them ?
(ii) Who was Snowball ? In what way had he deceived the other animals ?
(iii) What happened to the other animals who had ‘leagued’ themselves with Snowball ?
(iv) Why had Mr. Jones left the farm ? Which two persons were willing to take over the farm from the animals ?Who did Napoleon favour ?
(v) How was the Sixth Commandment, ‘No animal shall kill any other animal’ modified ? Briefly describe any
other incident which led to the change in another Commandment.
Answer:
(i) The four pigs confessed that they had been secretly in touch with Snowball ever since his expulsion, that they had collaborated with him in destroying the windmill, and that they had entered into an agreement with him to hand over Animal Farm to Mr. Frederick. They added that, Snowball had privately admitted to them that he had been Jones’ secret agent for years past. When they had finished their confession, the dogs promptly tore their throats out.

(ii) Snowball was one of the cleverest pigs, who won the loyalty of the other animals by his decision for the betterment of the farm. He failed to see the sinister thoughts of Napoleon who easily chased him away from the farm. In his absence Napoleon and Squealer wanted to prove him traitor. According to them, they forced the four pigs to make false confession which stated that Snowball had deceived the other animals, because Snowball had privately admitted to them that he had been Jones’ secret agent for years past, and he had ditched animals welfare, for his personal interests.

(iii) The other animals who had leagued themselves with Snowball were all executed. The three hens were slaughtered. The goose and the sheep were all slain on the spot. And so the tale of confessions and executions went on until there was a pile of corpses lying before Napoleon’s feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood, which had been unknown there since the expulsion of Jones.

(iv) The animals had chased Mr. Jones, his family and his men out of the Manor Farm during the Rebellion. They had beaten and chased him during the Battle of Cowshed too. Mr. Frederick the owner of Pinchfield, a neighbouring farm and Mr. Pilkington, owner of Foxwood farm, were willing to take over the farm from the animals. And Napoleon was in favour of Mr. Pilkington, the owner of Foxwood Farm.

(v) Lot of animals were killed by Napoleon under the revenge of Snowball. He proved all of them traitors working for Snowball. The Commandment was changed to “No animal should kill other animal, without cause”. The pigs sleeping in the beds with sheet, is another example of change in the Fourth Commandment.

Question 2.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
One Sunday morning Squealer announced that the hens, who had just come in to lay again, must surrender their eggs. Napoleon had accepted, through Whymper, a contract for four hundred eggs a week.
(i) Who is Mr. Whymper ?
(ii) Why had Squealer announced that the hens must surrender their eggs ?
(iii) How was Napoleon behaving in these days ?
(iv) How did the hens react to this statement ?
(v) What happened to the hens after this ?
Answer:
(i) Mr. Whymper was a solicitor living in Willingdon. Upon Napoleon’s consideration, he had agreed to act as intermediary between Animal Farm and the outside world. He would visit the farm every Monday morning to receive his instructions.

(ii) The winter was very harsh that year. There was a severe food shortage at the Animal Farm. Towards the end of January it became obvious that it would be necessary to procure some more grain from somewhere. Hence, the price of these would pay for enough grain and meal to keep the farm going till summer came on and conditions were easier.

(iii) In these days, Napoleon rarely appeared in public, but spent all his time in the farmhouse, which was guarded at each door by fierce-looking dogs. When he did emerge, it was in a ceremonial manner, with an escort, six dogs who closely surrounded him and growled if anyone came too near. Frequently, he did not even appear on Sunday mornings, but issued his orders through one of the other pigs, usually Squealer.

(iv) When the hens heard that they have to surrender the eggs, they raised a terrible outcry. They had been warned earlier that this sacrifice might be necessary, but had not believed that it would really happen. They were just getting their clutches ready for the spring sitting, and they protested that, to take eggs away now was murder.

(v) The hens made a determined efforts to thwart Napoleon’s wishes. Their method was to fly up to the rafters and lay their eggs there, which were smashed to pieces on the floor. Napoleon acted swiftly and ruthlessly. He ordered the hens’ rations to be stopped, and decreed that any animal giving so much as a grain of corn to a hen should be punished through death. The dogs saw to it that these orders were carried out. For five days the hens held out, then they surrendered and went back to their nesting boxes. Nine hens had died in the meantime.

Question 3.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
Four days later, in the late afternoon, Napoleon ordered all the animals to assemble in the yard. When they were all gathered together, Napoleon emerged from the farmhouse, wearing both his medals with his nine huge dogs frisking round him and uttering growls that sent shivers down all the animals’ spines. They all cowered silently in their places, seeming to know in advance that some terrible thing was about to happen.
(i) Who had been called a traitor four days ago ?
(ii) When had Napoleon been awarded the two military honours ?
(iii) What happened just after the extract ?
(iv) What happened when the dogs pounced on Boxer ?
(v) Why were the animals in a shock after what followed the extract ?
Answer:
(i) Snowball had been called a traitor. This was not the first time that he had been decreed as a traitor.He was  accused of helping the humans attack the Animals Farm and even destroying the windmill.

(ii) After the Battle of the Cowshed, the animals had decided to create the military decorations, ‘Animal Hero, First Class’ and ‘Animal Hero, Second Class’. Napoleon had recently awarded himself with these honours.

(iii) Napoleon stood sternly surveying his audience; then he uttered a high-pitched whimper. Immediately the dogs bounded forward, seized four of the pigs by the ear and dragged them, squealing with pain and terror, to Napoleon’s feet.

(iv) The dogs had tasted blood and then unexpectedly, three of them pounced on Boxer. However, he was much more agile and strong. Boxer saw them coming and put out his great hoof, caught a dog in mid-air, and pinned him to the ground. The dog shrieked for mercy and the other two fled with their tails between their legs.

(v) The four pigs confessed that they had conspired with Snowball in destroying the windmill. After they had confessed to all their crimes, the dogs tore their throats out. Then the three hens, a goose and a sheep, were all slained on the spot for their crimes. The other animals were totally shaken and miserable. Since Jones had left, no animal had killed another animal. But now, the air was heavy with the smell of blood. They had never wanted to see this.

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Animal Farm Chapter 6 Summary

Another year passes. The animals worked like slaves. They all believed that they were doing it for their own benefit and that’s why no one complained. The animals are asked to work Sunday afternoons as well. If anyone did not come then their ration would be reduced by half. The harvest was not so good and it was easy to predict that the winter would be a hard one.

Progress on the windmill is laborious and slow. The stones with which it is to be built have to be hauled to the top of the quarry and thrown from there to the bottom, so that the stones can be broken into the appropriate sizes. It takes until the end of the summer to accumulate enough stone to begin building the windmill work which depends almost entirely on the tremendous efforts of Boxer, who works himself harder than ever before.

As the work on the harvest and the windmill proceeds, the animals find themselves running out of supplies. Items such as paraffin, seeds, manure and machinery, could not be produced on the farm. This problem is resolved when Napoleon announces one day that Animal Farm will, henceforth, enter into trading arrangements with some of the surrounding farms.

Hay and wheat from the farm will be sold, and the hens are told that they will have to give up some of their eggs, a sacrifice that they should be proud to make. Some of the animals are doubtful about this move, seeming to remember an agreement in the early days after the Rebellion never to have anything to do with the humans. Again, Squealer puts any doubts to rest in the following days, informing them that such a resolution was never written down.

After this, Napoleon announced that no animal but he himself, will come in contact of the humans and would take the burden upon himself. Mr. Whymper, a solicitor living in Willingdon was appointed for this purpose. Squealer assured the animals that the resolution against engaging in trade and using money was a lie circulated by Snowball. The Solicitor comes every Monday, and his presence makes the other animals very uneasy, but their doubts are eased by their pride in seeing Napoleon giving orders to a human.

Shortly afterwards, the pigs move into the farmhouse. They eat in the kitchen, relax in the drawing room, and even sleep in the beds. Some of the animals are very doubtful about this. Clover consults the Seven Commandments on the gable wall, and asks Muriel to read out the fourth commandment, which states, “No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets”. Muriel cannot remember sheets being mentioned before. However, helped by the smooth words of Squealer, she assumes that she must have been wrong. She and the other animals accept his argument that the pigs, as the leaders, must have as much comfort as possible to facilitate their brain work. The pigs even started to sleep an extra hour.

The work on the windmill continues. The animals are all extremely proud of their progress, except for Benjamin, who expresses no opinion for or against the windmill. By November, the windmill is half finished. However, disaster strikes when a night time storm destroys it. The animals all gather around the ruin. Napoleon is silent for a long time, before making the sudden and dramatic announcement that the windmill was destroyed by Snowball. Some pig footprints leading away from the farm are discovered, and Napoleon confirms that they belong to Snowball. The other animals are shocked that their former leader could do such a thing. Napoleon announces that work on rebuilding the windmill will commence immediately.

Animal Farm Chapter 6 Summary Word Meanings

• Indignation – A feeling of righteous anger
• Intermediary – A negotiator who acts as a link between parties
• Scapegoat – Someone who is punished for the errors of others
• Vague – Lacking clarity or distinctness
• Accentuate – Stress or single out as important
• Malignity – The act of being evil in nature or effect
• Plod – Walk slowly with heavy steps
• Quarry – A place, typically a large deep pit, from which stone or other materials are extracted
• Boulder – A large rock
• Timidly – In a manner that shows a lack of courage or confidence

Animal Farm Chapter 6 Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
All that year the animals worked like slaves. But they were happy in their work, they grudged no effort or sacrifice, well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them and not for a pack of idle thieving human beings. Throughout the spring and summer they worked a sixty-hours week, and in August.
(i) What did Napoleon announce in August ?
(ii) How much time had elapsed since the constitution of the Animal Farm? As summer wore on, what unforeseen shortages began to be felt ?
(iii) What new policy did Napoleon make? The new policy brought a vague uneasiness among the animals.
What did they recall?
(iv) Who had agreed to act as an intermediary between the Animal Farm and the outside world ? Describe him.
(v) What roused the pride of the animals and made them reconcile to the new arrangement? In the meanwhile, what sudden decision was taken by the pigs? What do we learn about Napoleon at this juncture?
Answer:
(i) In August, Napoleon announced that there would be work on Sunday afternoons as well. This work was strictly voluntary, but any animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced by half. Even so, it was found necessary to leave certain tasks undone.

(ii) As the summer wore on, various unforeseen shortages began to make themselves felt. There was need of paraffin oil, nails, string, dog biscuits, and iron for the horses’ shoes, none of which could be produced on the farm. Later there would also be need for seeds, artificial manures, besides various tools and, finally, the machinery for the windmill.

(iii) From now onwards, Animal Farm would engage in trade with the neighbouring farms : not, of course, for any commercial purpose, but simply in order to obtain certain materials which were urgently necessary. The need of the windmill must over-ride everything else, Napoleon said.

He was, therefore making arrangements to sell a stack of hay and part of the current year’s wheat crop, and later on, if more money was needed, it would have to be made up by the sale of eggs, for which there was always a market in Willingdon. The hens, said Napoleon, should welcome this sacrifice as their own special contribution towards the building of the windmill. The animals were conscious of a vague uneasiness. Never to have any dealings with human beings, never to engage in trade, never to make use of money. All the animals remembered passing such resolutions or at least they thought that they remembered it.

(iv) Mr. Whimper, a solicitor living in Wellington, had agreed to act as an intermediary between Animal Farm and the outside world, and would visit the farm every Monday morning to receive his instructions.He was a sly-looking little man with side whiskers, a solicitor in a very small way of business, but sharp enough to have realized earlier than anyone else that Animal Farm would need a broker and that the commissions would be worth having.

(v) The sight of Napoleon, on all fours, delivering orders to Whimper, who stood on two legs, roused their pride and partly reconciled them to the new arrangements. The pigs not only took their meals in the kitchen and used the drawing-room as a recreation room, but also slept in the beds. Napoleon was finding his ways by breaking Seven Commandments, one after another and for gaining total power, he was exploiting all animals the Animal Farm, and earning money out of it.

Question 2.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
“Afterwards Squealer made a round of the farm and set the animals’ minds rest.”
(i) What had taken place to disturb the animals’ peace of mind ?
(ii) What did Squealer say in order to put the animals’ mind at rest ?
(iii) Were the animals convinced with his argument ?
(iv) Which important development took place regarding the pigs immediately after this incident ?
(v) Do you think this incident violated any of the Seven Commandments? If yes, which Commandment was
violated?
Answer:
(i) Napoleon’s announcement of a new policy of trading with neighbouring farms for essential material disturbed the animals’ peace of mind, because dealing with human beings was against their early resolutions.

(ii) Squealer assured the animals that the resolution against engaging in trade and using money had never been passed, or even suggested. It was pure imagination probably traceable in the beginning to the lies circulated by Snowball.

(iii) Few animals still felt faintly doubtful about the matter, but Squealer asked them shrewdly, “Are you certain that this is not something that you have dreamed, Comrades ? Have you any record of such a resolution ? Is it written down anywhere? “And since it was certainly true that nothing of the kind existed in writing, the animals were satisfied that they had been mistaken. This put all the animals’ mind at rest.

(iv) Around this time, it was noticed that the pigs suddenly moved into the farmhouse and took up their residence there. They ate in the kitchen, relaxed in the drawing room and slept in the beds.

(v) Yes, this incident had violated one of the Seven Commandments. It was the violation of the Fourth Commandment “No animal shall sleep in a bed”.

Question 3.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
Once again the animals were conscious of a vague uneasiness. Never to have had not these been among the earliest resolutions passed at that first triumphant. Meeting after Jones was expelled ? All the animals remembered passing such resolutions : or at least they thought that they remembered it.
(i) Why were the animals feeling uneasy ?
(ii) What happened just after this extract ?
(iii) What were the Seven Commandments the animals abided by ?
(iv) The animals were feeling uneasy but Napoleon had already made arrangements. What arrangements had he made ?
(v) Just before the extract, what had Napoleon asked the hens to do ?
Answer:
(i) One Sunday morning, when the animals assembled to receive their orders, Napoleon announced that he had decided upon a new policy. From now onwards, Animal Farm would engage in trade with the neighbouring farms. This announcement made the animals uneasy.

(ii) Just after this extract, the four young pigs who had protested when Napoleon abolished the meeting raised their voices timidly, but they were promptly silenced by a tremendous growling from the dogs. Then, as usual, the sheep broke into ‘Four legs good, two legs bad!’

(iii) The Seven Commandments of the Animal Farm were

• Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.
• Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.
• No animal shall wear clothes.
• No animals shall sleep in a bed.
• No animal shall drink alcohol.
• No animal shall kill any other animal.
• All animals are equal.

(iv) Napoleon informed the other animals that there would be no need for any of the animals to come in contact with human beings, which would clearly be most undesirable. He intended to take the whole burden upon his own shoulders. Mr. Whymper, a solicitor living in Willingdon, had agreed to act as intermediary between Animal Farm and the outside world, and would visit the farm every Monday-morning to receive his instructions.

(v) Napoleon announced that the needs of the windmill would override everything. He was, therefore, making arrangements to sell a stack of hay and part of the current year’s wheat crop, and later on, if more money was needed, it would have to be made up by the sale of eggs, for which there was always a market in Willingdon. The hens, said Napoleon, should welcome this sacrifice as their own special contribution towards the building of the windmill.

Question 4.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
The windmill presented unexpected difficulties. There was a good quarry of limestone on the farm, and plenty of sand and cement had been problem the animals could not at first solve was how to break up the stone into pieces of suitable size.
(i) Who had presented the idea of the windmill ?
(ii) How was the windmill going to help the animals of the farm ?
(iii) Why had Napoleon protested the windmill initially ?
(iv) How did humans solve the problem of breaking the stone ?
(v) Why did the animals not solve problems like humans ? What solution did they come up with ?
found in one of the outhouses, so that all the materials for building were at hand. But the
Answer:
(i) Snowball, the pig, had presented the idea of the windmill. It was his dream project. However, it also became the reason for his downfall.

(ii) Snowball had the dream of building a windmill for the Animal Farm. He told the animals that after the windmill gets completed, the animals would have electricity and then they would have more comfortable lives as most of their work would get completed much earlier and more efficiently.

(iii) It is not clear why Napoleon had protested the building of the windmill initially. It seems that he was always against Snowball’s thoughts and that might have prompted him to go against the idea of the windmill also. But later, he told the animals of the farm that they indeed needed the windmill.

(iv) The animals needed to break the stone in order to build the windmill. However, they were not able to do so as the humans did it by picks and crowbars and the animals were not able to operate these tools without standing on their hind legs.

(v) After weeks of vain effort, the right idea occur to somebody – was, to utilise the force of gravity. Huge boulders, far too big to be used as they were, lying all over the bed of the quarry. The animals lashed ropes round these, and then all together, cows, horses, sheep, any animal that could lay hold of the rope – even the pigs sometimes joined in at critical moments. They dragged them with desperate slowness up the slope to the top of the quarry, where they were toppled over the edge, to shatter to pieces below. Transporting the stone when it was once broken was comparatively simple.

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Animal Farm Chapter 5 Summary

As the winter drew on, Mollie becomes an increasing burden on Animal Farm. She arrives late for work every morning and gives excuses of oversleeping etc. Clover went to her stall and found lumps of sugar and several bunches of ribbons of different colours. She accepts treats from men associated with nearby farms, and generally behaves contrary to the tenets of Animalism. Eventually she disappears, lured away by a fat, red-faced man who stroked her coat and fed her sugar; now she pulls his carriage. None of the other animals ever mention her name again.

In January, the weather was cold and bitter and nothing could be done in the fields. The pigs were busy planning out the work for the coming season. Meetings were held in the big barn. Snowball and Napoleon’s constant disagreements continued to dominate the proceedings. Snowball proves himself a better speaker and debater, but Napoleon can better canvass for support in between meetings. Snowball brims with ideas for improving the farm. He studies Mr. Jones books and eventually concocts a scheme to build a windmill, with which the animals could generate electricity and automate many farming tasks, bringing new comforts to the animals’ lives.

But building the windmill would entail much hard work and difficulty, and Napoleon contents that the animals should attend to their current needs rather than plan for a distant future. The question deeply divides the animals. Napoleon surveys Snowball’s plans and expresses his contempt by urinating on them. Then there was difference of opinion relating to the defence of the farm. Snowball wanted to spread Rebellion and Napoleon wanted to procure firearms and train themselves.

The days of voting for the windmill came. Napoleon was not at all excited but Snowball impressed everybody with his speech. Napoleon gives a strange whimper, and nine enormous dogs wearing brass : studded collars charge into the barn, attack Snowball, and chase him off the farm. They return to Napoleons’ side, and with the dogs growling menacingly, Napoleon announces that, from now on, meetings will be held only for ceremonial purposes. He states that all important decisions will fall to the pigs alone.

Afterwards, many of the animals felt confused and disturbed. Squealer explains to them that Napoleon is making a great sacrifice in taking the leadership responsibilities upon himself and that as the cleverest animal, he serves the best interest of all by making the decisions. These statements placate the animals, though they still question the expulsion of Snowball. Squealer explains that Snowball was a traitor and a Criminal. Eventually, the animals come to accept this version of events, and Boxer adds greatly to Napoleon’s prestige by adopting the maxims “I will work harder” and “Napoleon is always right”.

These two maxims soon reinforce each other when, three weeks after the banishment of Snowball, the animals learn that Napoleon supports the Windmill Project. Squealer explains that their leader never really opposed the proposal, he simply used his apparent opposition as a manoeuvre to oust the wicked Snowball. These tactics he claims, served to advance the collective best interest. Squealers’ words proved so appealing, and the growls of his three dogs entourage so threatening, that the animals accept his explanation without question.

Animal Farm Chapter 5 Summary Word Meaning

• Blithely – In a way that shows a casual and cheerful indifference considered to be callous or improper
• Manifestly – In a way that is clear or obvious to the eye or mind
• Acreage – An area of land, typically when used for agricultural purposes, but not necessarily measured in acres
• Silage – Grass or other green fodder compacted and stored in airtight conditions
• Advocate – A person who pleads for a person, cause or idea
• Eloquence – Powerful and effective language
• Pretext – Something serving to conceal plans
• Procure – Get by special effort
• Sordid – Foul and Repulsive
• Spurt – Move with a sudden burst of speed

Animal Farm Chapter 5 Summary Questions and Answer

Question 1.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
Snow ball had made a close study of some back numbers of the Farmers and Stock breeder which he had found in the farmhouse, and was full of plans for innovations and improvements.Napoleon produced no schemes of his own, but said quietly that Snowball’s would come to nothing, and seemed to be biding his time. But of all their controversies, none was so bitter as the one that took place over the wind mill.
(i) In what ways, according to Snowball, would the building of a windmill make the lives of the animals easier?
(ii) How did the animals respond to the idea of building a windmill?
(iii) What did Napoleon do just before the animals could vote on Snowball’s Windmill proposal? What was the outcome of his action?
(iv) What did Napoleon announce after Snowball’s expulsion?
(v) Compare the character traits of Napoleon and Snowball. Show how the Windmill controversy led to the confrontation that had been building since the start of the novel.
Answer:
(i) Snowball had the dream of building a Windmill for the Animal Farm. He told the animals that after the Windmill gets completed, the animals would have electricity and then they would have more comfortable lives as most of their work would get completed much earlier and more efficiently.

(ii) The animals were greatly excited as they had never heard of anything like this before. They enjoyed the explanation given by Snowball on the Windmill and imagined the machines doing their work, while they grazed comfortably or improved their minds with reading and conversation.

(iii) Napoleon had rejected the idea of Windmill from the outset and showed his disdain by urinating on Snowball’s plans. On the day of voting, Napoleon was not excited but Snowball impressed everybody with his speech. Suddenly, Napoleon gives a strange whimper; and nine enormous dogs wearing brass- studded collars charge into the barn, attack Snowball and chase him off the farm.

(iv) After Snowball’s expulsion; Napoleon announces that from now on, meetings will be held only for ceremonial purposes. He states that all important decisions will fall to the pigs alone.

(v) Both Napoleon and Snowball have similar intelligence traits. Both could read and write perfectly. Snowball had written all the windmill plans with careful thinking and use of time. Napoleon had used his knowledge to write a fake letter said to be written by Snowball to have agreed to be a secret agent to the Foxwood farm.

Both of them were the most active in the speeches and planning. Both wanted to establish a social and economic system and be the leader of the farm.But the difference was that, Napoleon wanted to become a dictator and didn’t care for the animals. But Snowball was for Animalism, which was freedom and equal treatment for all animals.

Snow ball’s belief is that the windmill would make the lives of the animals better- Napoleon doesn’t have any particular strong reason for opposing the windmill except that he doesn’t want Snowball to gain power by, proposing it and gaining the animals’ support. Thus, windmill becomes an issue where the two confront ‘ each other and the controversy which was building from the beginning, gets a chance to explode.

Question 2.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
This arrangement would have worked well enough if it had not been for the disputes between Snowball and Napoleon. These two disagreed at every point where disagreement was possible.
(i) What ‘arrangement’ has been mentioned here?
(ii) Which was the bitterest dispute between them?
(iii) How did Napoleon express his dissent for the dispute?
(iv) What was the outcome of the bitterest dispute?
(v) What did Napoleon do after the outcome of the dispute?
Answer:
(i) It had come to be accepted that the pigs, who were manifestly cleverer than the other animals, should decide all questions of farm policy, though their decisions had to be ratified by a majority vote. This arrangement is being talked about here.

(ii) Snowball and Napoleon could not agree on any point. They disagreed at every point where disagreement was possible. However, of all their controversies, none was so bitter as the one that took place over the windmill.

(iii) One day, Napoleon arrived unexpectedly to examine the plan. He walked heavily round the shed, looked closely at every detail of the plan and snuffed at them once or twice, then stood for a little while contemplating them out of the corner of his eye; then suddenly he lifted his leg, urinated over the plan, and walked out without uttering a word.

(iv) The day for casting the vote for the windmill came. Snowball, as usual, presented a beautiful speech and swayed the audience in his favour. However, he had not even finished when Napoleon gave out a loud whimper and nine ferocious dogs came running after Snowball. They did not stop until they had made Snowball run out of the farm to save his life.

(v) Napoleon, with the dogs following him, mounted on to the raised portion of the floor where Major had previously stood to deliver his speech. He announced that from now on, the Sunday-morning meeting would come to an end. They were unnecessary, he said, and wasted time. In future, all questions relating to the working of the farm would be settled by a special committee of pigs, presided over by himself. They would meet in private and afterwards communicate their decisions to the others.

Question 3.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
“At this there was a terrible baying sound outside, and nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the bam. They dashed straight for Snowball, who only sprang from his place just in time to escape their snapping jaws”.
(i) What has just happened?
(ii) Who brings these dogs and commands them to oust Snowball from the farm?
(iii) What is the motive behind him getting these dogs?
(iv) What happens after this event takes place?
(v) What was the propagation?
Answer:
(i) When Snowball’s windmill plan was completed, everyone was asked to vote whether the plan should be put to work or not. Napoleon opposed it and advised everyone not to vote for it. Snowball pleaded for it to be put in use until the animals got confused and did not know who to vote for. During all this mayhem, suddenly nine huge dogs came and attacked Snowball. He ran out of the farm and managed to escape and was never to be seen anymore.

(ii) Napoleon had trained these dogs. He had taken them away when they were little puppies and now they were fully grown dogs. He took the puppies and trained them on his own.

(iii) Napoleon’s motive behind bringing these dogs was to establish his power and control over the animals. This shows that he was more powerful and could get anything done through the dogs he had trained.

(iv) The most important thing which came out of this incident was that, it was decided by Napoleon that the Sunday meeting wouldn’t be held anymore. All the matters would be decided by a special committee of pigs and Napoleon would preside over it. Some animals protested that they had a right to discuss matters but the dogs, with their deep and menacing growls, silenced all of them.

(v) It was propagated that loyalty and obedience were to be given more importance than bravery and courage. Boxer, like other animals learnt the maxim : “Napoleon is always right”.

Question 4.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
“The animals had never heard of anything of this kind before, and they listened in astonishment while Snowball conjured up pictures of fantastic machines which would do their work for them while they grazed at their ease in the
(i) What were the animals excited about?
(ii) Whose idea was it?
(iii) What was Napoleon’s reaction to this idea?
(iv) How would this make their life easier?
(v) What could the animals do when this invention was put to use?
Answer:
(i) The animals were very excited to hear Snowball’s different projects about the windmill and supply of electrical power on the farm.

(ii) It was Snowball’s idea.

(iii) Napoleon held himself aloof. He has declared himself against the plan of the windmill from the starting. One day, he arrived unexpectedly to examine the plans. He looked at every detail of the plan and in the end, he urinated over the plan, and walked out without uttering a word.

(iv) Snowball declared that much labour would be saved so that the animals would only need to work three days a week. The electrical power would light the stalls and warm them in winter, and would also run a circular saw, a chaff-cutter, a mangle-slicer and an electric milking machine would ease their life.

(v) When this invention will be put to use, their lives will become easy, electric machineries