Prasanna

We have decided to create the most comprehensive English Summary that will help students with learning and understanding.

Chivvy Summary in English by Michael Rosen

Chivvy by Michael Rosen About the Poet

Chivvy Summary in English

The word ‘chivvy’ means urging someone continuously to do something. Grown-ups usually have the habit of asking the children to do or not to do something in order to teach them good manners. They would tell the child to speak up, not to talk while eating something, not to look fixedly at anybody, not to point, not to pick or clean the nose. Most children don’t like such instructions.

Grown-ups also teach the young ones to say please, to keep quiet, to shut the door behind them, keep a hankie, not to drag feet, and take their hands out of their pockets.

They shout at the children to pull their socks up, to stand straight, to say ‘thank you’, not to cut in, and not to rest their elbows on the table. They tiy to teach manners, and rules of a cultured life. They also expect the children to think independently and behave nicely.

Chivvy Summary in Hindi

Chivvy शब्द का अर्थ होता है कि किसी व्यक्ति को निरन्तर कुछ करने की नसीहत देते रहना। बड़ी आयु के लोगों की आमतौर से आदत होती है कि वे बच्चों को शिष्टाचार सिखाने हेतु हांकते या मना करते रहते हैं। वे बच्चों से कहेंगे- बोलो, (गूंगे बनकर मत बैठो), खाना खाते समय बातें मत करो, किसी की ओर घूरते मत रहो, किसी की ओर अंगुली से संकेत मत करो, तथा अपनी नाक मत साफ करो। अधिकांश बच्चों को यह अच्छा नहीं लगता।

वयस्क लोग छोटों को सिखाते रहते हैं कि ‘कृपया’ शब्द बोलो, चुप रहो, कमरे में प्रवेश करने के पश्चात दरवाजा बन्द कर दो, रुमाल पास रखो, पैरों को घसीटते हुए मत चलो तथा जेब से हाथ बाहर निकाल लो।

वे बच्चों को डॉटकर बताते हैं कि अपनी जुराब ऊपर खींच लो, सीधे खड़े होना सीखो, धन्यवाद देना मत भूलो, दूसरों की बातचीत में दखल मत दो तथा मेज पर कोहनी टिका कर मत बैठो। वे बच्चों को शिष्टाचार तथा सुघड़ जीवन शैली के नियम सिखाते हैं। वे यह भी अपेक्षा करते हैं कि बच्चे स्वतन्त्र रुप से निर्भय तथा शिष्ट आचरण करें।

We have decided to create the most comprehensive English Summary that will help students with learning and understanding.

Animal Farm Chapter 10 Summary

Several years passed by, many animals attained age and died and few recall the days before the Rebellion. The animals completed a new windmill, which is used not only for generating electricity but for milling corn, a far more profitable endeavour. The farm seems to have grown richer, but only the pigs and dogs live comfortable lives. Squealer explains that the pigs and dogs do very important work-filling out farms.

The other animals largely accept this explanation, and their lives go on very much as before. They never lose their sense of pride in Animal Farm or their feeling that they have differentiated themselves from animals on the other farms. The inhabitants of Animals Farm still fervently believed in the goals of the Rebellions world free from humans, with equality for all animals.

One day, Squealer takes the sheep off to a remote spot to teach them a new chant. He informed others that he was teaching them to sing a new song. Not long afterward, the animals have just finished their day’s work when they hear the terrified neighing of a horse. It is Clover, and she summons the others hastily to the yard. There, the animals gaze in amazement at Squealer walking towards them on his hind legs. Napoleon soon appears as well, walking, upright, worse, he carries a whip. Before the other animals have a chance to react to the change, the sheep began to chant as if on cue :” Four legs good, two legs better!”

Clover whose eyes are foiling in her old age, asks Benjamin to read the writing on the barn wall where the Seven Commandments were originally inscribed. Only the last Commandment remains : “All animals are equal”. However, it now carries an addition : “But some animals are more equal than others” In the days to follow, Napoleon openly begins smoking a pipe of Jones in his mouth and wears his clothes. His favourite show was dressed in Mrs. Jones clothes, and the other pigs subscribe to human magazines, listen to the radio, and begin to install a telephone, also wearing human clothes that they have salvaged from Mr. Jones’ wardrobe.

One day, the pigs invite neighbouring human farmers over to inspect Animal Farm. The farmers praise the pigs and express, in diplomatic language, their regret for past “misunderstandings”. The other animals, led by Clover, watch through a window as Mr. Pilkington and Napoleon toast each other, and Mr Pilkington declares that the farmers share a problem with pigs : “If you have your lower animals to contend with,” he says, “We have our lower classes!”. Mr. Pilkington notes with appreciation that the pigs have found ways to make Animal Farm’s animals work harder and on less food than any other group of farm animals in the county.

He adds that he looks forward to introducing these advances on his own farm. Napoleon replies by reassuring his human guests that the pigs never wanted anything other than to conduct business peacefully with their human neighbours and that they have taken steps further to that goal. Animals on Animal Farm will no longer address one another as “Comrade”, he says, or pay homage to Old Major, nor will they salute a flag with a horn and hoof upon it. All of these customs have been changed recently by decree, he assures the men. Napoleon even announces that Animal Farm will now be known as the Manor Farm, which is, he believes, its “Correct and original name”.

The pigs and farmers return to their amiable card game, and the other animals creep away from the window. Soon the sounds of a quarrel draw them back to listening. Napoleon and Pilkington have played the ace of spades simultaneously, and each accuses the other of cheating. The animals, watching through the window, realize with a start that, as they look around the room of the farmhouse, they can no longer distinguish which of the card players are pigs and which are human beings.

Animal Farm Chapter 10 Summary Word Meanings :

• Rheumy – Watery
• Frugally – Economical in use or expenditure, not wasteful
• Taciturn – Reserved or uncommunicative in speech.
• Morose – Sullen and ill tempered.
• Stone – 14 pounds (= 6.35 Kg)
• Haughty – Arrogant
• Inebriated – Drunk
• Invariably – Always
• Stroll – To walk in a slow relaxed manner.
• To cease – To stop

Animal Farm Chapter 10 Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
It was just after the sheep had returned on a pleasant evening when the animals had finished work and were making their way back to the farm buildings, that the terrified neighing of a horse sounded from the yard. Startled, the animals stopped in their tracks.
(i) From where did the sheep return? Under whose supervision were they? What were they taught while they were in this place?
(ii) It was the neighing of Clover – the horse, whose voice startled the animals?
(iii) How did the animals react to this sight at first? Why were they not able to protest?
(iv) Why did Clover lead Benjamin gently to the end of the barn immediately after this? What did they find written on the wall?
(v) What strange and disturbing change did the animals observe in the pigs when they peered in at the dining room window later that evening? Comment on the irony of situation.
Answer:
(i) The sheep returned from a piece of waste ground at the other end of the farm.They were under the supervision of Squealer, a small, white, fat porker, who served as Napoleon’s second-in¬command and minister to spread propaganda among the other animals. There they were taught a new song by squealer, “Four legs good, tivo legs better.”

(ii) The animals ran to Clover after hearing her cries. The sight that their eyes met shook them totally. They saw a pig walking on his hind legs. The pig was none other than Squealer. Then came other pigs, some were able to walk with a bit of difficulty while others had no problem at all. Then Napoleon also came walking like a human being.

(iii) The animals were in utter shock at seeing the pigs walk like the human beings on their hind legs. They were terrified and were about to protest.
Before the other animals have a chance to protest, as of a signal, the sheep started bleating out loudly, “Four legs good, two legs better.”

(iv) Clover’s eyes are foiling due to old age, so she took Benjamin gently along to the barn wall where the Seven Commandments were originally inscribed.
On the wall only the last Commandment remained. “All animals are equal.” However, it now carried an addition : “But some animals are more equal than others.”

(v) When later in the evening the animals peered in at the dining room window, they saw that the pigs had made friendship with the human beings. They were all sitting at a table, drinking beer and playing a game of cards. They also heard how the humans ridiculed the hard working animals of the farm and how Napoleon again rechristened the Animal Farm to ‘Manor Farm’.

The irony here is that, it was the pigs who started the rebellion and changed the name of the farm to ‘Animal Farm’ and developed the belief system known as ‘Animalism and The Seven Commandments’. The animals later realized that after moving out of the tyranny of the humans they would soon fall under the despotic rule of the pigs and be exploited, deceived, cheated and slaughtered by them.

Question 2.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
One day in early summer, Squealer ordered the sheep to follow him, and led them out to a piece of waste ground at the other end of the farm, which had become overgrown with birch saplings. The sheep spent the whole day there browsing at the leaves under Squealer’s supervision.
(i) Who is Squealer ? What are we told immediately after the extract ?
(ii) What happens on a pleasant evening when the animals, after completion of their work, are returning to the farm ?
(iii) Narrate briefly the sight that is seen by the animals in the yard.
(iv) What is the effect of what they see on the animals ? What do the sheep suddenly bleat out ?
(v) ‘That evening loud laughter and bursts of singing came from the farmhouse’. Describe the scene that was seen by the wonder-struck animals.
Answer:
(i) Squealer was one of the pigs living in the Animal Farm. He was a devotee of Napoleon and had the duty of spreading his lies and deceit. Immediately after the extract, it is told that the sheep remained in the waste ground for about a week and Squealer was teaching them a new song.

(ii) It was a pleasant evening and all the animals were returning to the farm after a hard day’s labour. Then suddenly, they heard a loud neighing of a horse. They were startled and stopped immediately. Then again the sound came, it was Clover’s. They run to see what the matter was.

(iii) The animals ran to Clover after hearing her cries. The sight that their eyes met totally shook them. They saw a pig walking on his hind legs. The pig was none other than Squealer. Then came other pigs. Some were able to walk with a bit of difficulty while others had no problem at all. Then Napoleon also came walking like a human being.

(iv) The animals were in utter shock at seeing the pigs walk like the human beings on their hind legs. They were terrified and were about to protest. Just then, as a signal, the sheep started bleating out loudly, “Four legs good, two legs better.”

(v) The animals were looking through the window. The pigs had made friendship with the human beings. They were all sitting at a table, drinking beer and playing a game of cards. They also heard how the humans ridiculed the hard working animals of the farm and how Napoleon again rechristened the Animal Farm to ‘Manor Farm’. All the fights, the rebellion, the sacrifices everything else was same.

Question 3.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
‘If you have your lower animals to contend with,’ he said, ‘we have our lower classes!’
(i) Who is the speaker of these lines ? To whom are they addressed ?
(ii) Why does the speaker say this ?
(iii) Where are the other animals ?
(iv) What similarities do we notice between the pigs and human beings ir. this chapter ?
(v) What is the author trying to show through these lines ?
Answer:
(i) These lines are spoken by Mr. Pilkington of Foxwood Farm to Napoleon and his cabinet, during their well- catered retreat inside the farmhouse while raising a toast and dispelling all doubts and misunderstanding between the animals and human beings.

(ii) Mr Pilkington and other farmers had been invited by Napoleon to inspect the Animal Farm and after the inspection they are invited to the farmhouse for a meeting. The human beings are really impressed with the way the pigs have managed Animal Farm and praise it. These lines emphasise the bonding and the similarity between the pigs and human beings by the end of the chapter.

(iii) The other animals are watching the human beings and the pigs from outside the window.

(iv) The pigs have started walking on hind legs and changed the principle of Animalism to “four feet good, two feet better.” The Seventh Commandment is changed to “All animals are equal but some animals are more equal”. The pigs have started drinking alcohol and use language to abuse their fellow animals. They have started carrying a whip to train other animals as they consider themselves superior. These are the traits that the pigs show which resembles human beings.

(v) The quote serves to emphasize directly the significance of Animal Farm as a social commentary, drawing a parallel between the downtrodden animals and the working class of the world.

We have decided to create the most comprehensive English Summary that will help students with learning and understanding.

Animal Farm Chapter 9 Summary

Rebuilding of the windmill begins immediately after the celebration. Boxer had been hurt in the battle of the windmill and was nursing a split hoof. Boxer refused to take even a day off work and did not show any trouble. Boxer works harder than ever. His thoughts are now turning to retirement, for which, under the laws of Animal Farm, he is due next year. In the meantime, another cold winter with little food must be endured.

The rations of all the animals except that of the pigs and the dogs, were reduced- Squealer was still making a fool of all the animals by giving them figures. He informed them that they had been doing much better than the days of Jones and the animals believed him. However, by now they have forgotten life under Jones. Squealer never failed to point out that now they were not slaves.

The strain of the resources of the farm grows. The four sows had given birth to thirty-one piglets between them. It was easy to understand that they were Napoleon’s kids. Napoleon announced that he would teach the piglets himself and that a new classroom must be built for the piglets, who are instructed to remain aloof from the other animals. The schoolroom is in addition to the requirement to rebuild the windmill and the need to keep the farm supplied with various other requirements.

Potatoes are sold, and practically every egg laid by the hens is sold to earn the money required for these supplies. There was a shortage of money. The exploitation of the animals had long begun without their realising it. The other animals were suffering but somehow the pigs were comfortable enough. They were actually putting on weight when others were starving. In February, the barley was prepared into beer and it was announced that all barley would be reserved for the pigs. Napoleon was having the largest share of the beer daily.

Napoleon now introduces a weekly event called, the spontaneous demonstration, where every animal would leave its work to march in military procession around the farm, so as to instil pride in the animals in the achievements of the farm since the Rebellion. It comforts the animals to know that, no matter how hard their lives are, at least they have the benefit of being their own masters. In April, Animal Farm was proclaimed a Republic and Napoleon was made the President. Later, more news about Snowball’s treachery were revealed.

Another consolation around this time is the reappearance of Moses, the raven and his tales of Sugar Candy mountains. He returned after many years. The animals failed to understand why he was being allowed to live on the farm when the pigs called him a liar. They were tolerating him, giving him an allowance of beer everyday. The building work around the farm continues through the summer, heavily dependent on the extraordinary efforts of Boxer. He was famished and a bit old now but never faltered. He is showing some signs at this stage that his strength is failing. He himself is hoping to get as much work done as possible before he retires. Then one summer evening, he collapses.

All the animals rush to his side, unable to bear the thought that anything might happen to him. He was getting weak day after day but only his will kept him going. He did not pay heed to Clover and Benjamin’s working, and one day his lungs gave away. He was lying near the quarry unable to get up. The pigs were informed at once, but Squealer came about a quarter of an hour later. Squealer promised to send him to the town so that the veterinary surgeon can treat him. Clover and Benjamin spend as much time as they can over the next few days nursing him. Then, while all the animals are all at work, the van comes to take Boxer away.

They would not have noticed, except Benjamin, who gallops across the farm to tell them that Boxer is being taken away. No one has ever seen Benjamin gallop before. The animals rush to the yard in time to see the van begin to pull away. They start to wave goodbye to Boxer, but Benjamin is very agitated, and tells them to read the letters on the van. Muriel reads out the sign on the van, which describes the van as belonging to the local horse-slaughter. The animals try to warn Boxer, who tries to kick his way out of the van, but he has no strength and the kicking from the van soon dies away.

Three days later Boxers’ death was announced. Squealer informed everyday that he was with him at his death bed. He makes a moving speech in praise of Boxer. He explains the sign on the van by saying that the veterinary surgeon brought the van from the horse slaughter, and had not yet replaced the sign. The animals are relieved to hear this, and are greatly consoled by Squealer’s further descriptions of the wonderful care and treatment that Boxer received in his final hours.

Napoleon pays his respects to Boxer at the meeting on the following Sunday He tells them that it was not possible to return Boxer’s remains for burial on the farm, but that he will be commemorated with a wreath instead. Napoleon announces a memorable banquet for Boxer, which takes place in the farmhouse shortly afterwards, attended only by the pigs.Then one night, there were strange sounds from the farmhouse and no one stirred out of it before noon the following day. It was learnt that the pigs had acquired money to buy themselves whisky.

Animal Farm Chapter 9 Summary Word Meanings:

• Poulitics – A soft mass of material consisting of flour, herbs etc, applied to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation
• Rations – A fixed amount of a commodity officially allowed to a person during a time of shortage.
• Flanked – Be on each or on one side of.
• Stratagem – A plan or scheme to outwit an opponent
• Faltered – Lose strength or momentum.
• Interment – The burial of a corpse in a grave or tomb, typically with funeral rites.
• Oration – A formal speech given on a ceremonial occasion.
• Laurels – Any number of shrubs and other plants with dark green glossy leaves.

Animal Farm Chapter 9 Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
Once again Clover and Benjamin warned him to take care of his health, but Boxer paid no attention. His twelfth birthday was approaching. He did not care what happened so long as a good store of stdne was accumulated before he went to pension. Late one evening, in the summer, a sudden rumour ran round the farm that something had happened to Boxer. He had gone out alone to drag a load of stone down to the windmill. And sure enough, the rumour was true
(i) In what condition did the animals find Boxer ?
(ii) Why did the animals feel uneasy when Squealer told them that Boxer would be sent to a hospital at Willingdon for treatment ? How did Squealer reassure them ?
(iii) How much longer did Boxer expect to live ?
How did he plan to spend his remaining days ?
(iv) What was written on the van that took Boxer away ? What did Boxer do when he heard the screams of the animals ?
(v) What was the new name given to Animal Farm by Napoleon ? What strange transformation did the animals notice on the faces of the pigs ? What is the significance of this transformation?
Answer:
(i) Boxer had fallen down. He was lying on the side and couldn’t get up. His neck was stretched out, he was unable to raise his head. His eyes were glazed, his sides matted with sweat. A thin stream of blood had trickled out of his mouth.

(ii) Except for Molly and Snowball, no other animal had ever left the farm, and they did not like to think of their sick comrade in the hands of human beings. However, Squealer easily convinced them that the veterinary surgeon in Willingdon would treat Boxer better than anyone on the farm.

(iii) Boxer expected to live another three years, and he looked forward to peaceful days that he would live in the corner of the big pasture. It would be the first time he would have the leisure to study and improve his mind. He wanted to learn the remaining twenty-two letters of the alphabet in that time.

(iv) Alfred Simmonds’, Horse Slaughterer and Glue Boiler, Willingdon. Dealer in Hides and Bone – meal. Kennels supplied’. Boxer tried to kick his way out, when he heard the screams of the animals.

(v) New name given was Manor Farm. The faces of the pigs were just like the human faces. The pigs resembled the men against whom they had rebelled to set up the Animal Farm. Power had corrupted them and they were just looking like the humans.

Question 2.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
Late one evening in the summer, a sudden rumour ran round the farm that something had happened to Boxer. He had gone out alone to drag a load of stone down to the windmill.
(i) What had happened to Boxer ?
(ii) What had happened to Boxer earlier ?
(iii) How can you say that Boxer was a devoted worker of the farm ?
(iv) What was decided for Boxer after this ?
(v) How had the pigs deceived poor Boxer ?
Answer:
(i) Boxer was growing old. He had been warned by both Clover and Benjamin not to overstrain himself but he would not listen. He was working at the quarry one day, pushing a stone for the windmill when his lungs gave way and he fell on the ground.

(ii) Boxer had a split hoof earlier. He had suffered with a split hoof when he was fighting in the ‘Battle of the Windmill’. His hurt hoof took a long time to heal.

(iii) There is no exaggeration in saying that Boxer was the most devoted worker of the farm. He worked diligently for its betterment. He woke up earlier than others and did crucial work. After his hoof healed, he worked even harder. There was no stopping him. He just wanted to get things completed before he retired.

(iv) About a quarter of an hour after getting to know about Boxer, Squealer appeared, full of sympathy and concern. He said that Comrade Napoleon had learned with the very deepest distress of this misfortune to one of the most loyal workers on the farm and was already making arrangements to send Boxer to be treated in the hospital at Willingdon as he would be getting a much better treatment there.

(v) After Boxer had fallen at the quarry, it was decided that he was to be sent to the hospital in Willingdon. The other animals were against it but they were convinced by Squealer who told them that they would not be able to take better care of him at the farm. However, the greedy pigs had sold him to a slaughterhouse. Boxer had gotten old and was now of no use to them. He was about to retire.

We have decided to create the most comprehensive English Summary that will help students with learning and understanding.

Animal Farm Chapter 8 Summary

After the executions, the animals question (away from the pigs and dogs) whether these events fall in line with the Seven Commandments; they think they remember, Sixth Commandment stating that, No animal shall kill another animal’. Clover asked Muriel to read to her the Six Commandment. It read, “No animal should kill other animal without cause”. Somehow, the last two words were not in their memory. Like the previous case, another commandment had been altered and the animals thought that the killings were justified.

The general conditions of the animals continue to be harsh, as the workload of rebuilding the windmill and regular form of duties require additional effort. Although, the animals believe that they are getting no more food than they did under Mr. Jones, Squealer presents weekly numbers that seem to prove they are actually getting more food and are .better off. At this point, Squealer is doing most of Napoleon’s public speaking. Napoleon has isolated himself in the farmhouse, away from even the other pigs, and rarely appears in public.

When three hens confess to plotting to assassinate Napoleon in summer, he becomes even more isolated, adds more guard dogs, and gets a food taster. The four dogs guarded his bed at night and a pig, Pinkeye, was given the task to taste his food lest it should be poisoned. The hens were executed. The pigs circulated poems and songs praising Napoleon as the saviour and protector of all the animals.

The pile of timber remained still unsold though negotiations were on. Frederick was more anxious to get hold of it but never offered a reasonable price. Then there were also stories of him plotting an attack against the Animal Farm. Snowball was also rumoured to be in his farm. Napoleon made arrangements to sell the pile of timber to Pilkington and he was to enter in a regular agreement of trade between Animal Farm and Foxwood. Windmill was nearing its completion and with it the rumours of impending attacks were also coming.

There were many stories like, Frederick bribing the officials to get away with the law and torturing animals in his farm.After all of these rumours and stories, the animals were shocked to learn that Napoleon had sold the timber to Frederick and had been negotiating with Frederick in secret all along. He spread the stories about selling to Pilkington only to get Frederick to meet his price. The rumours about Frederick’s farm likely came from Snowball, who apparently is actually hiding on Pilkington’s farm. Once they hear the whole story, the animals are proud of Napoleon’s negotiating powers and were also impressed that he is savvy enough to demand cash payment instead of cheque.

With the windmill finished and the timber sold, the machinery for the windmill can be purchased, and all their dreams come true. However, three days after the sale, Mr. Whymper tells Napoleon that Frederick’s money has been counterfeited and he has cheated them all. Napoleon pronounces a death sentence to Frederick and prepares for an attack the next morning. The animals are outmatched and men have guns.

The animals send a message to Pilkington, who refuses to help. The battle culminates when Frederick and his men blow up the finished windmill. The animals, who have retreated, are outraged by this act and counter attack vigorously, suffering casualties but driving the humans from the farm. The pigs declare a victory and hold a ceremony celebrating what they call, “the battle of the windmill”.

The animals, however, are crushed by the loss of the windmill and don’t understand why the pigs want to celebrate? Squealer convinces them that the battle is a triumph because the animals held on to the farm, but they are not fully convinced until Napoleon speaks to them. The fallen animals are given a funeral, and the rest of the animals receive extra rations.

A few days after the battle, the pigs discover whisky in the farmhouse and drink it. That night many surprising sounds came from the farm house. The pigs were drunk ! However, the morning brought bad news with it. Squealer, who was not his usual self, announced that Napoleon was dying. The atmosphere at once grew grave. The rumour made its way that Snowball had eventually been successful in poisoning Napoleons’ food.

But his condition improved by evening and by next day he was back to work. It was learned that Whymper had been asked to buy booklets on brewing and distilling. A week later, Napoleon ordered that the grazing-ground for the retired animals would be ploughed up and soon it was realized that Napoleon wanted to sow it with barley. One night, at about twelve O’clock, there was a loud crash in the yard. All animals rushed to the spot. At the foot of the fall, upon which the Seven Commandment were written, lay a broken ladder and near it, Squealer in deep pain. There was a paint – brush and a pot of white paint also.

The dogs escorted him back to the farmhouse. Benjamin seemed to understand everything but would say nothing. Muriel, after a few days, noticed that there was another commandment that the animals had remembered wrong. The Fifth Commandment did not read “No animal shall drink alcohol” as she had thought, but instead it read “No animal shall drink alcohol to excess.”

Animal Farm Chapter 8 Summary Word Meanings:

• Meddle – Interfere in something that is not one’s concern.
• Cockerel – A young domestic cock.
• Skulking – Keep out of sight, typically with a cowardly motive
• Clamoured – Shout loudly and insistently
• Gander – A male goose
• Conciliatory – Intended or likely to pacify.
• Pellets – A small, rounded, compressed mass of a substance.
• Contrived – Deliberately created rather than arising naturally or spontaneously.
• Muzzle – The projecting part of the face, including the nose and mouth, of an animal such as a dog or horse
• Browing – Make beer by soaking boiling and fermentation

Animal Farm Chapter 8 Summary Question and Answer

Question 1.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
A cry of lamentation went up. Straw was laid down outside the doors of the farmhouse, and the animals walked on tiptoe. With tears in their eyes they asked one another what they should do if their Leader was taken away from them.
(i) Where is the current scene set ? Who is the Leader mentioned here ?
(ii) What was the rumour behind the Leader’s current state ?
(iii) What was the reality behind the Leader’s current state ?
(iv) How did the animals react to the current state of their Leader ?
(v) Did the Leader come out of this situation?
Answer:
(i) The current scene is set in the Animal Farm. The animals were going into the farmhouse which was initially occupied by Mr. Jones. Now they were going in to see Napoleon, their Leader, who was living in the farm house.

(ii) The rumour behind Napoleon’s current state was that he was dying. Stories were circulated that Snowball had after all contrived to introduce poison into Napoleon’s food.

(iii) Squealer had announced that Comrade Napoleon was dying. Actually that was not the case. The pigs had got their hands on whisky in one of the cellars of the farmhouse. Napoleon was not dying, he was drunk.

(iv) The animals of the farm were totally taken aback after hearing that their Leader, Comrade Napoleon, was dying. With tears in their eyes they asked one another what would they do if their Leader was taken away from them.

(v) Yes, after the effects of whisky wore off, Napoleon started to get better. By evening, however, Napoleon appeared to be somewhat better, and the following morning Squealer was able to tell them that he was well on the way to recovery. By the evening of that day, Napoleon was back to work, aind on that day it was learned that he had instructed Whymper to purchase in Willingdon some booklets on brewing and distilling.

Question 2.
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
About this time there occurred a strange incident which hardly anyone was able to understand. One night at about twelve o’clock, there was a loud crash in the yard, and the animals rushed out of their stalls.
(i) Why had the loud crash happened ?
(ii) What had happened to the Seven Commandments ?
(iii) How did Squealer behave after this incident ?
(iv) How did the other animals behave after this incident ?
(v) Which other Commandments had been changed ?
Answer:
(i) The loud crash had happened as Squealer had fallen off after the ladder he was using, broke into two. He was also carrying a paint brush and white paint with him.

(ii) Later, when Clover noticed the Seven Commandments, she thought that something was amiss. She was not able to read the Commandments, and, thus took Muriel’s help. Muriel told her that the Fifth Commandment now read ‘No animal shall drink alcohol to excess.’

(iii) Squealer, temporarily stunned, was sprawling beside it, and near at hand there lay a lantern, a paintbrush, and an overtured pot of white paint. The dogs immediately made a ring around Squealer, and escorted him back to the farmhouse as soon as he was able to walk.

(iv) The animals saw Squealer lying near the Seven Commandments with a broken ladder, a paint brush and some white paint. Then they saw the dogs escorting him. None of the animals could form any idea as to what this meant, except old Benjamin, who nodded his muzzle with a knowing air, and seemed to understand, but would say nothing.

(v) Since Snowball had been overthrown by Napoleon, many of the Commandments saw some minute changes over time. The Fourth Commandment ‘No animal shall sleep in a bed, was changed to ‘No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets’. The Fifth Commandment was, ‘No animal shall drink alcohol’, but it was changed to “No animal shall drink alcohol to excess’. The Sixth Commandment was changed from “No animal shall kill any other animal’ to ‘No animal shall kill any other animal without cause.’ Finally, none of the original Commandments were left. There was only one Commandment that remained. It was ‘All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others’.

We have decided to create the most comprehensive English Summary that will help students with learning and understanding.

The Shed Summary in English by Frank Flynn

The Shed by Frank Flynn About the Poet

The Shed Summary in English

There is a small room for storing things. It is in one end of the garden. It is not used regularly as its door is locked. It has cobwebs over the door. The iron joints of the door are rusty. They make a creaking sharp sound when the wind blows. The narrator is curious to open the door one day to see what is stored there.

On one side of the shed is an old window covered with dust. It has three glass panes which are cracked. The narrator thinks that someone is looking at her whenever she goes that way. She plans to look through that window one day into the room.

Her brother tells her that there is a ghost in the store room. It hides under the old wooden floorboards. He tries to frighten her. He tells her that she must never try to enter that room because the ghost will attack her and break her head. But the girl is brave enough. She is determined to look into the shed.

She knows that her brother is a liar. There is no ghost in the shed. It is only a hiding place for him. Nobody is looking out at her. Nobody makes noises. Even the spider has gone from the web. So the narrator makes up her mind to walk into that shed. But she is not in a hurry to execute her plan.

The Shed Summary in Hindi

सामान भरने के लिये भण्डार घर है। यह स्थान बगीचे के एक छोर पर है। उसे अधिक उपयोग में नहीं लिया जाता। इसके दरवाजे पर ताले पड़े हैं। इसके दरवाजे पर मकड़े लगे हैं। दरवाजे के कब्जों में जंग लग गई है। जब हवा चलती है तो दरवाजे से तीखी आवाज निकलती है। वाचक को किसी दिन उस दरवाजे को खोलने की उत्सुकता है, वह देखना चाहती है कि अन्दर रखा क्या है।

शेड में एक तरफ धूल की परत लिए एक खिड़की है जिसके तीनों शीशे चटक गये हैं। लड़की को लगता है कि जब कभी वह ___ उस ओर जाती है तो कोई व्यक्ति उसको देखता है। वह सोचती है किसी दिन उस कोठरी की खिड़की से अन्दर झाँक कर देखेगी।

उसका भाई कहता है कि उस कोठरी में कोई (एक) भूत है। वह फर्श पर बिछे पुराने तख्तों के नीचे छिपा रहता है। वह बहन को डराने की कोशिश करता है। वह उसे बताता है कि कभी भी उस कमरे में प्रवेश मत करना क्योंकि भूत तुम पर टूट पड़ेगा और सिर फोड़ देगा। पर लड़की हिम्मत नहीं हारती। उसने उस शेड के अन्दर झाँकने की ठान रखी है।

वह जानती है कि उसका भाई झूठा है। शेड में कोई प्रेतात्मा नहीं है। वह तो भाई के अपने छिपने का स्थान है। शेड के अन्दर से कोई नहीं झाँकता। कोई भी प्राणी आवाज नहीं निकालता। मकड़ी भी जाला छोड़कर जा चुकी है। इसलिये वह पक्का निर्णय ले लेती है कि वह उस शेड में जायेगी। पर उसे अभी कोई हड़बड़ी नहीं है कि अपनी योजना कार्यान्वित करे।