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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 2

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 2 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 2.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 2

BoardCBSE
ClassX
SubjectSocial Science
Sample Paper SetPaper 2
CategoryCBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 10 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 2 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 10 Social Science is given below with free PDF download solutions.

General Instructions:   

  • The question paper has 27 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
  • Marks are indicated against each question.
  • Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer questions. Each question carries 1 mark.
  • Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 80 words each.
  • Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
  • Question number 26 and 27 are map questions of 2 marks from History and 3 marks from Geography. After completion, attach the maps inside the answer book

Question 1.
What was ‘cowries’?
OR
Who produced a music book that had a picture on the cover page announcing the ‘Dawn of the Century’?
OR
Who wrote several volumes on the London labour, and compiled long lists of those who made a living from crime?

Question 2.
Name the oldest Japanese book printed.
OR
What was the price of Henry Fielding’s Tom Jones (1749) issued in six volumes?

Question 3.
What do you understand by The Black Power?

Question 4.
Give a prominent example of a region with a low rainfall and which is drought prone.

Question 5.
What does development mean for a landless rural labourer?

Question 6.
What is a cheque?

Question 7.
What does Life Expectancy at birth denote?

Question 8.
Gandhiji decided to launch a nationwide satyagraha in 1919. Why?

Question 9.
Critically evaluate the conditions that favoured the conquests of Latin America by the European
powers like Spain and Portugal.
OR
What is proto-industrialisation? “In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, merchants from the towns in Europe began moving to the countryside”. Explain any two reasons.
OR
Who wrote ‘The Bitter Cry of Outcast London’? When? What was the issue author stated?

Question 10.
What is holding together Federation? Give examples of ‘holding together federations’.

Question 11.
What are Concurrent Lists? Give Examples.

Question 12.
Point out why the Mexico Olympics of 1968 was depicted as a landmark in the history of the
Civil Rights Movements in the United States of America.

Question 13.
Define the term resource. Do you think resources are free gift of nature?

Question 14.
Name the two important by-products of sugarcane other than the sugar and jaggery. State
the temperature and rainfall requirements of sugarcane. Also name the two major sugarcane producing states of India.

Question 15.
What is ‘Average Income’ Or ‘Per capita Income’?

Question 16.
Analyse the functions of Consumer Protection Councils?

Question 17.
Explain what is tertiary sector? Give examples.

Question 18.
Who supervises the functioning of banks? In what ways is the supervision done?

Question 19.
Write short notes on Gutenberg and the Printing Press.
OR
‘The most of readers of the novel lived in the city, the novel created in them a feeling of connection with the fate of rural communities’. Explain with suitable examples

Question 20.
From which language the term ‘liberalism’ derived? Give its meaning. What was liberalism
according to Middle Class?
OR
Why the French thought colonies necessary? What did they do for that? Explain any two points.

Question 21.
‘Democracy is an accountable, responsive and legitimate form of government’. Explain

Question 22.
Discuss Challenge of Expansion and Challenge of Deepening of Democracy with suitable
examples.

Question 23.
What is the total length of road networks in India? Explain how roads have edge over the
railways.

Question 24.
Name the most important metallurgical industry in India. Where is this industry concentrated?
Explain any two factors responsible for the concentration of this industry.

Question 25.
Explain any two rights of consumers that protect them from exploitation in the market place.

Question 26.
Two features A and B are marked on the given political outline map of India: Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked in the map:
A. The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in September 1922.
B. The place where Gandhiji broke the ‘Salt Law’.
OR
Locate and label on the same map given:
(1) The place where peasants organized a Satyagraha in 1917
(2) Nagpur

Question 27.
On the given same political outline map of India locate and label/identify the type of soil the following with appropriate symbols:
(1) Identity the type of soil in the shaded portion shown in map.
(2) Mysore Silk Textile Centre
(3)Vishakhapatnam Sea Port

Answers

Answer 1.
Cowries-the Hindi cowdi or seashells, used as a form of currency.
OR
In 1900, a popular music publisher E.T. Pauli.
OR
Henry Mayhew.

Answer 2.
The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra.
OR
Henry Fielding’s Tom Jones (1749) was issued in six volumes priced at three shillings each.

Answer 3.
A movement emerged in 1966 and lasted till 1975, which was a more militant anti-racist
movement, advocating even violence if necessary to end racism in the US.

Answer 4.
Rajasthan

Answer 5.
Ans. More days of work and better wages; local school is able to provide quality education for
children; there is health facilities, and there is no social discrimination.

Answer 6.
A cheque is a paper instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from the person’s account
to the person in whose name the cheque has been issued.

Answer 7.
Life Expectancy at birth denotes, as the name suggests, average expected length of life of a
person at the time of birth.

Answer 8.
(1) Gandhij i in 1919 decided to launch a nationwide satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act (1919).
(2) This Act had been hurriedly passed through the Imperial Legislative Council despite the united opposition of the Indian members. It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities, and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.
(3) Mahatma Gandhi wanted non-violent civil disobedience against such unjust laws, which would start with a hartal on 6 April.

Answer 9.
(1) The conquest by European powers like Spain and Portugal were not just a result of superior
firepower or conventional military weapons.
(2) It was the germs such as those of smallpox that they carried on their person. Because of their long isolation, America’s original inhabitants had no immunity against these diseases
that came from Europe. Smallpox in particular proved a deadly killer.
(3) Once introduced, it spread deep into the continent, ahead even of any Europeans reaching there. It killed and decimated whole communities, paving the way for conquest.
OR
Even before factories began to dot the landscape in England and Europe, there was large- scale industrial production for an international market. This was not based on factories. Many historians now refer to this phase of industrialisation as proto-industrialisation.
Two Reasons:

  • In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, merchants from the towns in Europe began moving to the countryside, supplying money to peasants and artisans, persuading them to produce for an international market.
  • With the expansion of world trade and the acquisition of colonies in different parts of the world, the demand for goods began growing.

OR
1. Andrew Meams, a clergyman who wrote The Bitter Cry of Outcast London in the 1880s.
2. It showed why crime was more profitable than labouring in small underpaid factories: ‘A child seven years old is easily known to make 10 shillings 6 pence a week from thieving … Before he can gain as much as the young thief (a boy) must make 56 gross of matchboxes a week, or 1,296 a day.

Answer 10.
Holding Together is where a large country decides to divide its power between the constituent
States and the national government. In this category, the central government tends to be more powerful vis-a-vis the States. Very often different constituent units of the federation have unequal powers. Some units are granted special powers.
India, Spain and Belgium are examples of this kind of ‘holding together’ federations.

Answer 11.
(1) Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union Government as
well as the State Governments, such as education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession.
(2) Both the Union as well as the State Governments can make laws on the subjects mentioned in this list. If their laws conflict with each other, the law made by the Union Government will prevail.

Answer 12.
(1) The US athletes, Tommie Smith and John Carlos were African-Americans. They had won the gold and bronze medals respectively.
(2) They received their medals wearing black socks and did not wear shoes, this was done to represent Black poverty. With this gesture, they tried to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the United States.
(3) The black-gloved and raised clenched fists were meant to symbolize black power. The silver medallist, white Australian athlete, Peter Norman, wore a human rights badge on his shirt during the ceremony to show his support to the two Americans

Answer 13.
(1) Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided,
it is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.
(2) They are not. Resources are a function of human activities.
(3) Human beings themselves are essential components of resources.
(4) They transform material available in our environment into resources and use them.

Answer 14.
(1) Sugarcane by-products: Khandsari and molasses
(2) Rainfall: 75-100 cm annually
(3) Temperature: 21°C to 27°C
(4) States: Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, Punjab and Haryana.

Answer 15.
Per capita Income is obtained by dividing the national income by the population of the country.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 2.2

Answer 16.
(1) The consumer movement in India has led to the formation of various organisations locally known as consumer forums or consumer protection councils.
(2) They guide consumers on how to file cases in the consumer court. On many occasions,
they also represent individual consumers in the consumer courts.
(3) These voluntary organisations also receive financial support from the government for
creating awareness among the people.

Answer 17.
(1) These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors.
These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support
for the production process.
(2) For example, goods that are produced in the primary or secondary sector would need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops. At times, it may be necessary to store these in godowns.
(3) We also may need to talk to others over telephone or send letters (communication) or
borrow money from banks (banking) to help production and trade. Transport, storage, communication, banking, trade are some examples of tertiary activities.
(4) Since these activities generate services rather than goods, the tertiary sector is also called the service sector.

Answer 18.
(1) The Reserve Bank of India supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans.
(2) The RBI monitors the banks whether they are maintaining minimum cash balance.
(3) The RBI sees that the banks give loans not just for profit-making businesses and traders
but also to small cultivators, small scale industries, to small borrowers etc.
(4) Periodically, banks have to submit information to the RBI on how much they are lending, to whom, at what interest rate, etc.

Answer 19.
(1) Gutenberg was the son of a merchant and grew up on a large agricultural estate.
(2) From his childhood he had seen wine and olive presses. He learnt the art of polishing i stones, became a master goldsmith, and also acquired the expertise to create lead moulds used for making trinkets. Drawing on this knowledge, Gutenberg adapted existing
technology to design his innovation. The olive press provided the model for the printing press, and moulds were used for casting the metal types for the letters of the alphabet.
(3) By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system. The first book he printed was the Bible. About 180 copies were printed and it took three years to produce them. By the standards of the time this was fast production.
OR
(1) The nineteenth-century British novelist Thomas Hardy, for instance, wrote about traditional rural communities of England that were fast vanishing. It was written at a time when large farmers fenced off land, bought machines and employed labourers to produce for the market.
(2) Second was when the old rural culture with its independent farmers was dying out. We get a sense of this change in Hardy’s Mayor of Casterbridge (1886). It is about Michael Henchard, a successful grain merchant, who becomes the mayor of the farming town of Casterbridge.

Answer 20.
(1) The term ‘liberalism’ derives from the Fatin root liber, meaning free.
(2) For the new middle classes, liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law.
(3) Politically, it emphasised the concept of government by consent. Since the French Revolution, liberalism had stood for the end of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and representative government through parliament. Nineteenth-century liberals also stressed the inviolability of private property.
OR
(1) Colonies were considered essential to supply natural resources and other essential goods.
(2) Fike other Western nations, France also thought it was the mission of the ‘advanced’ European countries to bring the benefits of civilisation to backward peoples.
(3) The French began by building canals and draining lands in the Mekong delta to increase cultivation. The vast system of irrigation works – canals and earthworks – built mainly with forced labour, increased rice production and allowed the export of rice to the international market.

Answer 21.
(1) Most basic outcomes of democracy should be that it produces a government that is
accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens.
(2) Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation. So, some delay is bound to take place but because it has followed procedures, its decisions may be both more acceptable to the people and more effective. So, the cost of time that democracy pays is perhaps worth it.
(3) A citizen who wants to know if a decision was taken through the correct procedures can find this out. She has the right and the means to examine the process of decision-making. This is known as transparency.
(4) The democratic government develops mechanisms for citizens to hold the government accountable and mechanisms for citizens to take part in decision making whenever they think fit.

Answer 22.
Discuss Challenge of Expansion and Challenge of Deepening of Democracy with suitable
examples.
Ans.
(1) Challenge of ‘Expansion of Democracy’: This stage involves applying the basic principle of democratic government across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions. Empowering various social groups, federal structures, women and minorities etc. This also means that less and less decisions should remain outside the democratic control. Most of the democracies like India and USA face this challenge.
(2) Challenge of ‘Deepening of Democracy’: This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy by people’s participation and control. This should happen in such a way that people can realise their expectations of democracy. This requires an attempt to bring down the control and influence of the rich and powerful in making governmental decisions.

Answer 23.
(1) Length of road networks: 2.3 million km.
(2) Roadways: Edge over railways: (Any three)

  • Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
  • Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography.
  • Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such
    as the Himalayas.
  • Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances.
  • It also provides door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
  • Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transports such as they provide a link between railway stations, air and seaports.

Answer 24.
(1) Iron and Steel industry
(2) Chhotanagpur Plateau region
(3) Factors responsible:
(a) Low cost iron ore: Chhotanagpur Plateau region is extremely rich in good quality iron ore at low cost. This helped to locate many steel plants in this region.

(b) Home market: India is progressing rapidly. Hence, the country is in great need of steel leading to a great demand. Thus, there is a great potential for home market.

(c) Well developed transport network: This region is well developed has network of railways and that helps procuring raw materials and then distribute in the market.

Answer 25.
Rights of consumers:

  1. Right to information
  2. Right to seek redressal
  3. Right to choose
  4. Right to be heard
  5. Right to safety

Answer 26.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 2

Answer 27.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 2.1
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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1

BoardCBSE
ClassXII
SubjectInformatics Practices
Sample Paper SetPaper 1
CategoryCBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme, as prescribed by the CBSE, is given here. Paper 1 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Informatics Practices is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions

  • All questions are compulsory.
  • Answer the questions after carefully reading the text.

Question 1.
(a) The network administrator of ABC Inc. wants to prevent traffic overload within the network of the company. For this purpose, he needs to divide the company network into the subnetworks (LAN segments). Suggest him a
(b) Explain the purpose of domain name system.
(c) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of a star topology.
(d) When would you prefer hubs over repeaters?
(e) Explain the packet switching technique.
(f) Write any four criteria for distribution of OSS.
(g) What is the significance of anonymous user in FTP?

Question 2.
(a) While working in Netbeans, Ms. Riya has designed a login page, where she wants to display table. Help her in choosing more appropriate control out of ‘JTextField’ and ‘JTextArea’. Give a reason for your choice.
(b) In the code fragment given below, what output display when a user is equal 30?

if(user<=18)
{
System.out.println("User is younger"):
}
else if(user>18 && user<40)
{
System.out.println("User is between 19 and 39");
}
else 
{
System.out.println("User is older than 40");
}

(c) Predict the output of the following HTML code :

<HTML>
<TABLE border = ”4">
<TR align = "right” valign="middle">
<TH colspan="2">Production</TH>
<TH rowspan="3">Sales</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Naveen</TD>
<TD>458</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Neelam</TD>
<TD>896</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</HTML>

(d) Differentiate between the following code fragments and also give their output:

(i) 
int f = l,i = 2; 
while(++i< 5)
f *= 1;
System.out.print!n(f);

(ii) int f = l,i = 2; 
do
{
f *= i;
}whi!e(++i< 5);
System.out.println(f);

(e) (i) Write a function in Java that takes two numbers as parameters. It then returns that number whose square is greater than the square of other numbers.
(ii) Rewrite the following switch code using if else statement.

switch(roll)
{
case 1:
Section='A'; 
break; case 2:
Section='B'; 
break; default:
Section='C';
}

Question 3.
(a) Identify the output of the following query:
mysql> SELECT MID(‘FINANCE’, 3, 2);
(b) Mr. Shivam created two tables with ID as primary key in Table 1 and foreign key in Table2. While inserting a row in Table2, he is not able to enter a value in the column ID. What could be the possible reason for it?
(c) Consider the table ‘LAB’.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 2
Write SQL statement to obtain the following output:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 3
(d)
(i) You need to add a NOT NULL constraint to the E-MAIL column in the table EMPLOYEES. Which clause should you use? Give an example.
(ii) You need to remove the column named EMP_FK_DEPT that is FOREIGN KEY constraint from the table EMPLOYEES in your schema. What statement should you use?
(e) Define the following:
(i) Domain
(ii) Relation
(iii) Tuples
(iv) Attribute

Question 4.
(a) What is following code doing?

String db = JOptionPane. showInputDialog("Enter name of your MySQL database . . . ");
String DB_URL=" jdbc:mysql://local host/"+ db;
Class. forName ("com.mysql. jdbc. Driver");
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(DBJJRL, "root"," " );

(b) Swagatika is a programmer at xyz enterprises. She created the following GUI:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 5
Help her to write code in Java for the following:
(i) The percentage marks are to be entered in the text field (marksTF) and upon clicking the button (calcBTN) corresponding grade (as per following rules) should be displayed in the Table (resultLbl) below command button:
Marks%                    Grade
> = 90                        A + +
80 – 90                        A +
75 – 80                        A
60 – 75                        B
50 – 60                        C
40 – 50                        D
< 40                            Fail

(ii) Write the code for FocusLost event of text field (marksTF) to ensure that the user does not enter a negative or zero value. If a negative or a zero value is entered, then the text field should be made blank and a warning message should be displayed.
(iii) If you are asked to add a clear button to the application, which code would you write for it so that the text field marksTF and label resultLbl get cleared when it is clicked?

(c)
(i) What will be display in jTextArea 1 after the execution of the following code?

int a=4;
do
{
jTextAreal. setTextlInteger. toString(++a)); 
a=a+l;
}whi1e(a<=8);

(ii) Find output of the following Java code snippet:

String b="Monkey";
String c="No jump";
String d=b+c;
System.out.println(d); 
d=b.concat(c);
System.out.println(d);

(d) A class Person with the data members name and id. Another class Employee with the data member salary. Write definitions for classes Person and Employee for the following situations:
(i) Objects of both class are able to access all the data members of both the classes individually.
(ii) Only the members of class Employee can access all the data members of both the class.

Question 5.
(a) Write MySQL command to open an existing database.
(b) Ms. Meera wants to remove the entire content of a table “EMPLOYEE” alongwith its structure to release the storage space. Which MySQL statement should she use?
(c) Wiite the output of the following SQL queries:

(i) SELECT RIGHT ('COMPUTER' , 2);
(ii) SELECT INSTR ('Family’, 'mi');
(iii) SELECT DAY0FM0NTH('2016 - 05 - 25');
(iv) SELECT ROUND(76, 987, 2);

(d) Ihble “EMP” is shown below. Wiite commands in SQL for (i) and (ii) and output of query for (iii) and (iv).
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 6
(i) lb display list of all employees below 25 years old.
(ii) lb count the numbers of employees with names starting with ‘P’.

(iii) SELECT Name. Age FROM EMP WHERE Sex ='F';
(iv) SELECT Name, Contact FROM EMP WHERE Contact LIKE ’99%’;

Question 6.
(a)
(i) Write MySQL command to create the table PRODUCT including its constraints.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 9
(ii) In a database ’BigBajar’ there are two tables with a sample data given below:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 10
I. Identity the foreign key in the table Product.
II. P_Id column in the PRODUCT table is the …………… key.
Cust ld column in the CUSTOMER table is the ……………. key.
(b) With reference to the above-given tables (in Q6 (a) (ii)), write SQL commands for (i) and (ii) and output for(iii).
(i) To display Cust_Id, C_Name, P_Name, Price where price is greater than 50000.
(ii) To add a column P_Type with datatype VARCHAR and size 20 in the table PRODUCT.

(iii) SELECT P.P_Name, C.C_Name FROM PRODUCT P, CUSTOMER C WHERE P.Cust_Id=C.Cust_Id;

Question 7.
(a) What do you think about the most outstanding feature of E-Leaming?
(b) Which all features would you suggest for an effective front-end?
(c) Madhvi works for a shipping mart. She wants to create controls on a form for the following operations. Choose most appropriate controls out of TextBox, Label, RadioButton, ListBox, ComboBox, CheckBox and CommandButton.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 12

Answers

Answer 1.
(a) A switch would serve the required purpose. Along with that, a switch is also responsible for filtering, i.e. transforming data in a specific way and for forwarding packets between LAN segments.
(b) Domain Name System (DNS) is a network service that translates domain name to the associated IP address.
(c) An advantage of star topology In star topology, the central node is connected directly to every other node in the network means that faults are easily detected and isolated.
A disadvantage of star topology If the central node in the star network fails, the entire network goes down.
(d) Hubs should be preferred over repeaters when more than two computers are to be connected in a network while repeaters are only used for signal modification.
(e) In packet switched networks, the message gets broken into small data packets. These packets are sent out from the computer and they travel around the network seeking out the
most efficient route to travel as circuits become available.
(f) Four criteria for distribution of OSS are as follows:
(i) No discrimination against person on groups.
(ii) No discrimination against fields of endeavor.
(iii) License must not be specific to a product.
(iv) License must not restricted other software.
(g) In order to use FTP effectively, one need to be an authorised user. However, anonymous FTP (i.e. logging in as an anonymous user) is a method whereby FTP server allows the general public to access files on an FTP server. Uploading of files refer to the transfer of files from one’s computer onto FTP server. An anonymous user generally is not allowed to upload files.

Answer 2.
(a) ‘JTextArea’ is best option to display the multiple rows table because JTextField accepts only single line of text whereas JTextArea accepts multiple line of text.
(b) Output
User is between 19 and 39
(c) Output
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 1
(d) The difference in the given code fragments is code
(ii) executes one time more than code
(i) because code
(ii) is implemented using do-while loop, do-while loop executes at least once even if the while condition is false, whereas, in while loop, it first checks the condition and then enter the loops, if the condition is true.
Output of code
(i) 12 (ii)2 4
(e)

(i) private int compareSqr (int a, int b) 
{
if( (a*a) > (b*b)) 
return a; 
else
return b; 
}

(ii) if (ro11 == 1)
Section='A’; 
else if(roll == 2)
Section=’B’;
else
Section='C';

Answer 3.
(a)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 4
(b) Mr. Shivam must be trying to enter a value of ID in Table2, which is not present in the ID column of Tablel.

(c) SELECT Project_Code FROM LAB WHERE Name = 'Arun';

(d)
(i) MODIFY, clause of ALTER TABLE statement should be used to add NOT NULL constraint to column E-MAIL in the table EMPLOYEES as given below:

ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES MODIFY E-MAIL VARCHAR(IO) NOT NULL;
(ii) ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEES DROP FOREIGN KEY EMP_FK_DEPT;

(e)
(i) Domain A domain is a collection of all possible values from which the values for a given column or an attribute is drawn. A domain is said to be atomic if elements are considered to be individual units.
(ii) Relation A relation is a table with columns and rows which represent the data items and relationships among them. Relations have three important properties a name, cardinality and a degree.
(iii) Tuples The rows in a relation are also known as tuples. Each row or tuple has a set of permitted values for each attribute.
(iv) Attribute The heading columns of a table are known as attributes. Each attribute of a table has a distinct name.

Answer 4.
(a) This code is creating a connection object namely con for MySQL database, whose name is obtained from the user using an InputDialog. UserlD of the database is root,
(b)

(i) private void calcBTNActionPerformedtjava.awt.event.ActionEvent evt)
{
float num = FI oat. parseFloat (marksTF. getText());
String S = "You get":
if(num >= 90)
S += "A++"; 
else if(num >= 80)
S += "A+"; 
else if(num >= 75)
S += "A";
else if(num >= 60)
S += "B";
else if(num >= 50)
S += "C";
el se if(num >= 40)
S += "D";
else
S = "Fail"; 
resultLbl. setText (S);
}
(ii) private void marksTFFocusLost(java.awt.event.FocusEvent evt)
{
int marks = Integer.parseInt(marksTF. getText()); 
if(marks <= 0)
{
marksTF.setText(" ");
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nul1,"Marks 
cannot be negative or zero");
}
}
(iii) marksTF. setText(" "); 
resultLbl.setText(" ");

(c)
(i) jTextarea will display
5
7
9
(ii) MonkeyNo jump
MonkeyNo jump
(d)

(i) class Person
{
public:
String name; 
public: 
int id;
}
class Employee
{
public:
int salary;
}
(ii) class Person 
{
protected:
String name ;
}
class Employee extends Person 
{
private:
int salary:
}

Answer 5.

(a) USE <database name>; 
(b) DROP TABLE EMPLOYEE;
(c)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 7
(d) 
(i) SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE AGE<25';
(ii) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EMP WHERE NAME LIKE 'P%';
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 8

Answer 6.
(a)

(i) CREATE TABLE PRODUCT
{
P_Id DECIMAK (4) PRIMARY KEY,
P_Name VARCHAR(20),
P_Company VARCHAR(20),
Price DEC IMAL(8) NOT NULL
};
(ii) I. Foreign key: Custjd
II. Primary, Primary

(b)

(i) SELECT Cust_Id, C_Name, P_Name, Price FROM PRODUCT P, CUSTOMER C
WHERE P.Cust_Id=C.Cust_Id AND Price>50000;
(ii) ALTER TABLE PRODUCT ADD P_Type VARCHARC20);
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 11

Answer 7.
(a) The most outstanding feature of E-Learning is that it has opened door for skill enhancement to the people of all age groups and skill levels.
(b) Features of an effective front-end are as follows:
(i) Ease of use
(ii) Simple and uncluttered look
(iii) Easy to understand
(iv) Proper visual feedback
(c)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 13

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Informatics Practices Paper 1, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1

BoardCBSE
ClassX
SubjectSocial Science
Sample Paper SetPaper 1
CategoryCBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 10 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 1 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 10 Social Science is given below with free PDF download solutions.

General Instructions:   

  • The question paper has 27 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
  • Marks are indicated against each question.
  • Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short answer questions. Each question carries 1 mark.
  • Questions from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 80 words each.
  • Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
  • Question number 26 and 27 are map questions of 2 marks from History and 3 marks from Geography. After completion, attach the maps inside the answer book

Question 1.
Which power dominated the nation-building process in Germany? ?
OR
Which idea, other than economic exploitation, was behind French colonisation of Vietnam?

Question 2.
State an important characteristic of the oldest Japanese book, Diamond Sutra.
OR
State the hotly debated issue around which the novel Indulekha revolved.

Question 3.
Wind energy received in abundance in western Rajasthan and Gujarat has not been so far utilised and developed to the maximum. It falls in which category of resources?

Question 4.
Write any one prudential reason for which power sharing is desirable.

Question 5.
Identify the condition when both the parties in a barter economy have to agree to sell and buy each other’s commodities? What is it called?

Question 6.
A group of companies in India wishes to import high quality ACs from South Korea but have to pay a huge import tax on them which would make the ACs very expensive leading to a decline their sale. Ascertain the role of the import tax in this situation.

Question 7.
Sania buys a packet of biscuits and finds details about ingredients used, price, batch number etc. printed on it except the expiry date. Under which right of the consumers she can claim to know this information from the manufacturer?

Question 8.
Ideas of national unity in early-nineteenth-century Europe were closely allied to the ideology of liberalism. What did it mean for the middle class in France? Explain.
OR
The French used school textbooks in Vietnam to justify colonial rule. Explain.
OR
What was the demand of Dr B.R. Ambedkar regarding the Dalits’ participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement? Why did he clash with Gandhiji in the Second Round Table Conference? How was it solved?

Question 9.
What was ‘Com Laws’? Why it was abolished? Mention its impacts on Britain.
OR
Who created the cotton mill? Discuss its effects on eighteenth century industrialization.
OR
‘Nineteenth century London was a city of clerks and shopkeepers, of small masters’. Who commented? Why?

Question 10.
Explain two reasons as to why power sharing is desirable.

Question 11.
Explain with example how social divisions affect politics.

Question 12.
Explain any four forms of Casteism in Indian Politics.

Question 13.
Explain the consequences of growing population on water resources in regions having ample water resources.

Question 14.
What is India’s rank among the world’s natural rubber producers? State the rainfall and temperature requirement of rubber. Also name the two states where rubber is mainly grown.

Question 15.
Explain the following terms:
(1) Infant Mortality Rate
(2) Net Attendance Ratio.

Question 16.
Write short note on W.T.O.

Question 17.
Explain any four problems faced by labourers in the unorganised sectors. Suggest any one
method to be adopted to protect the labourers in this sector.

Question 18.
What are demand deposits? Explain. What is the interesting facility provided by Demand
deposits? Give one example.

Question 19.
Write a short note on hand printing technology developed in Japan.
OR
Analyse the notable events that took place with the publication of Charles Dickens’s Pickwick Papers in 1836.

Question 20.
What is a Nation according to Ernst Renan? Discuss.
OR
“Nationalism in Vietnam emerged through the efforts of different sections of society to fight against the French and all they represented”. Explain how France occupied Vietnam.

Question 21.
Why is there a lack of internal democracy within the political parties in India? Explain with
examples.

Question 22.
“Different countries face different kinds of challenges.” Support the statement with suitable
examples.

Question 23.
State the length of the coastline of India. Name the first port that was build soon after the independence. Why was this port built? State two features of this port.

Question 24.
What are agglomeration economies? Explain the services/facilities offered by the agglomerationeconomies.

Question 25.
Explain any four rights of consumers that protect them from exploitation in the market place.

Question 26.
Two features A and B are marked on the given political outline map of India: 
Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked in the map:
A. The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1927.
B. The place where the ‘No Tax Campaign’ was started.
OR
Locate and label on the same map given:
(1) The place where peasants organized a Satyagraha in 1917.
(2) Lahore

Question 27.
On the given same political outline map of India locate and label/identify the type of soil the following with appropriate symbols:
(1) Identity the type of soil in the shaded portion given in the map.
(2) Label and locate the largest producer of Ragi
(3) Label and locate Bhilai Steel Plant

Answers

Answer 1.
Power of the Prussian State.
OR
The idea of a civilising mission.

Answer 2.
Contained six sheets of text with woodcut illustrations
OR
The hotly debated issue was the marriage practices of upper-caste Hindus in Kerala.

Answer 3.
Potential Resources.

Answer 4.
It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.

Answer 5.
This is known as double coincidence of wants.

Answer 6.
The Import tax is acting as a Trade Barrier.

Answer 7.
Consumers’ right to be informed about the particulars of goods and services that they purchase

Answer 8.
1. Dr B.R. Ambedkar believed that political empowerment would resolve the problems of social disabilities of the Dalits. (Separate Electorate)
2. In 1930, Dr B.R. Ambedkar clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the Second Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits.
3. Solved by the introduction of Poona Pact.

Answer 9.
(1) The laws allowing the government to restrict the import of com were commonly known as the ‘Com Laws’.
(2) The industrialists and urban dwellers forced the abolition of the Com Laws because they were unhappy with high food prices.
(3) After the Com Laws were scrapped, food could be imported into Britain more cheaply.
OR
(1) Richard Arkwright created the cotton mill.
(2) The Effects:

  • The costly new machines could be purchased, set up and maintained in the mill. Within the mill all the processes were brought together under one roof and management.
  • This allowed a more careful supervision over the production process, a watch over quality, and the regulation of labour, all of which had been difficult to do when production was in the countryside.

OR
(1) Historian Gareth Stedman Jones commented that ‘Nineteenth century London was a city of clerks and shopkeepers, of small masters’.
(2) Reasons:

  • The city of London was a powerful magnet for migrant populations, even though it did not have large factories.
  • Apart from the London dockyards, five major types of industries employed large numbers: clothing and footwear, wood and furniture, metals and engineering, printing and stationery, and precision products such as surgical instruments, watches, and objects of precious metal.

Answer 10.
Two different sets of reasons can be given in favour of power sharing.

  1. Firstly, power sharing is good because it helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups. Since social conflict often leads to violence and political instability, power sharing is a good way to ensure the stability of political order.
  2. Second, there in a deeper reason why power sharing is good for democracies. Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy. People have a right to be consulted on how they
    are to be governed. A legitimate government is one where citizens, through participation, acquire a stake in the system.
  3. First reason is prudential and the second moral. While prudential reasons stress that power sharing will bring out better outcomes, moral reasons emphasise the very act of power sharing as valuable.

Answer 11.
(1) At first sight, it would appear that the combination of politics and social divisions is very
dangerous and explosive.
(2) Democracy involves competition among various political parties. Their competition tends to divide any society.
(3) If they start competing in terms of some existing social divisions, it can make social divisions into political divisions and lead to conflict, violence or even disintegration of a country. This has happened in many countries.
Example: Unionist and Nationalist Parties in Ireland, Yugoslavia was divided into six independent states.

Answer 12.

  1. When parties choose candidates in elections, they keep in mind the caste composition of
    the electorate and nominate candidates from different castes so as to muster necessary support to win elections.
  2. When governments are formed, political parties usually take care that representatives of different castes and tribes find a place in it.
  3. Political parties and candidates in elections make appeals to caste sentiment to muster support. Some political parties are known to favour some castes and are seen as their representatives.
  4. Universal adult franchise and the principle of one-person-one-vote compe’Ud political leaders to gear up to the task of mobilising and securing political support.

Answer 13.
(a) Many of our cities have ample water resources but are still facing water scarcity.
(b) Water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growing population and consequent greater demands for water and unequal access to it.
(c) A large population means more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food.
(d) Hence, to facilitate higher food grain production, water resources are being over exploited to expand irrigated areas and dry season agriculture.

Answer 14.

  1. India’s rank: 4th
  2. Rainfall: More than 200 cm annually
  3. Temperature: Above 25°C.
  4. States: Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka

Answer 15.
1. Infant Mortality Rate (or IMR) indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 100 live children bom in that particular year.
2. Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.

Answer 16.
(1) World Trade Organisation (W.T.O.) is an organisation whose aim is to liberalise
international trade. Started at the initiative of the developed countries, W.T.O. establishes rules regarding international trade, and sees that these rules are obeyed. Nearly 160 countries of the world are currently members of the W.T.O. (as on June 2014).
(2) Though W.T.O. is supposed to allow free trade for all, in practice, it is seen that the developed countries have unfairly retained trade barriers. On the other hand, W.T.O. rules have forced the developing countries to remove trade barriers. An example of this is the current debate on trade in agricultural products.

Answer 17.
(1) The unorganised sector is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government.
(2) There are rules and regulations but these are not followed.
(3) Jobs here are low-paid and often not regular. There is no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leave due to sickness etc.
(4) Employment is not secure. People can be asked to leave without any reason.
(5) When there is less work, such as during some seasons, some people may be asked to leave.
(6) A lot also depends on the whims of the employer. This sector includes a large number of people who are employed on their own, doing small jobs such as selling on the street or doing repair work. Similarly, farmers work on their own and hire labourers as and when they need.
One method to be adopted to protect the labourers in this sector:

  1. Rural Areas: farmers need to be supported through adequate facility for timely delivery of seeds, agricultural inputs, credit, storage facilities and marketing outlets.
  2. In the urban areas: Small-scale industry also needs government’s support for procuring raw material and marketing of output. The casual workers in both rural and urban areas need to be protected.

Answer 18.
(1) Working people, who have extra cash, deposit it with the banks by opening a bank account in their name. Banks accept the deposits and also pay an amount as interest on the deposits. In this way people’s money is safe with the banks and it earns an amount as interest. People also have the provision to withdraw the money as and when they require. Since the deposits in the bank accounts can be withdrawn on demand, these deposits are called demand deposits.
(2) The interesting facility provided by Demand deposits is the use of cheque.

Answer 19.
(1) Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan around AD 768-770.
(2) The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra. Pictures were printed on textiles, playing cards and paper money.
(3) In medieval Japan, poets and prose writers were regularly published, and books were cheap and abundant.
OR
(1) In 1836 a notable event took place when Charles Dickens’s Pickwick Papers was serialised in a magazine.
(2) Magazines were attractive since they were illustrated and cheap.
Serialisation allowed readers to relish the suspense, discuss the characters of a novel and live for weeks with their stories – like viewers of television soaps today.

Answer 20.
(1) In his essay Renan criticises the notion suggested by others that a nation is formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory.
(2) ‘A nation is the culmination of a long past of endeavours, sacrifice and devotion’.
(3) A nation is therefore a large-scale solidarity. Its existence is a daily plebiscite.
(4) A province is its inhabitants; if anyone has the right to be consulted, it is the inhabitant.
OR
(1) The colonisation of Vietnam by the French brought the people of the country into conflict with the colonisers in all areas of life.
(2) The most visible form of French control was military and economic domination but the French also built a system that tried to reshape the culture of the Vietnamese. French troops landed in Vietnam in 1858 and by the mid-1880s they had established a firm grip over the northern region.
(3) After the Franco-Chinese war the French assumed control of Tonkin and Anaam and. in 1887, French Indo-China was formed.
In the following decades the French sought to consolidate their position, and people in Vietnam began reflecting on the nature of the loss that Vietnam was suffering.

Answer 21.
(1) All over the world there is a tendency in political parties towards the concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top.
(2) Parties do not keep membership registers, do not hold organisational meetings, and do not conduct internal elections regularly.
(3) Ordinary members of the party do not get sufficient information on what happens inside the party.
(4) Party members show more personal loyalty to the leaders than to the party principles to get favour from leaders who hold absolute power.
Defection: Changing party allegiance from the party on which a person got elected (to a legislative body) to a different party.

Answer 22.
(1) Democracy faces three basic challenges during its different stages of growth, such as foundational challenge, challenge of expansion and challenge of deepening democracy. These challenges take different meanings and paths in different parts of the world.
(2) ‘Foundational Challenge’: The first stage is the transition to democracy from a non-democracy and then instituting democratic government.
Example: Nepal.
(3) Challenge of‘Expansion of Democracy’: This stage involves applying the basic principle of democratic governance across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions. Empowering various social groups, federal structures, women and minorities etc. This also means that less and less decisions should remain outside the democratic control. Most of the democracies like India and USA face this challenge.
(4) Challenge of‘Deepening of Democracy’: This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy by people’s participation and control. This should happen in such a way that people can realise their expectations of democracy. This requires an attempt to bring down the control and influence of the rich and powerful in making governmental decisions.

Answer 23.
(1) Length of coastline: 7516.6 km.
(2) First port after independence: Kandla, Gujarat
(3) Reason: To ease the volume of trade on the Mumbai port, in the wake loss of Karachi port to Pakistan after the partition.
(4) Feature of Kandla sea port:

  • It is a tidal port.
  •  It provide services of export and import to the northern states across Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana etc.

Answer 24.
(1) Many industries tend to come together to make use of the advantages offered by the urban centres known as agglomeration economies.
(2) Services/facilities:
(a) Banking: Numerous banks tend to emerge in and around agglomeration economies. This service facilitates the progress of manufacturing industries.

(b) Transport: Transport is essential for each and every industry. Agglomeration economies offer great source of services by road or rail connecting urban centres and market places.

(c) Labour: Labour is an essential requirement for any industry. As agglomeration economies expand, large number of skilled and unskilled labourers starts offering their services to the industry in the area.

Answer 25.
Rights of consumers:

  1. Right to information
  2. Right to seek redressal
  3. Right to choose
  4. Right to be heard
  5. Right to safety

Answer 26.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1

Answer 27.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1.1
We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Paper 1, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6

BoardCBSE
ClassXII
SubjectEconomics
Sample Paper SetPaper 6
CategoryCBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 6 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Economics is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time : 3 hrs
M.M.: 80

General Instructions

  • All questions in both the sections A and B are compulsory. However, there is internal choice in questions of 3,4 and 6 marks.
  • Question Nos. 1-4 and 13-16 are very short answer type questions, carrying 1 mark each.
    They are required to be answered in one sentence each.
  • Question Nos. 5-6 and 17-18 are short answer I type questions, carrying 3 marks each.
    Answers to them should not normally exceed 60 words each.
  • Question Nos. 7-9 and 19-21 are short answer II type questions, carrying 4 marks each.
    Answers to them should not normally exceed 70 words each.
  • Question Nos. 10-12 and 22-24 are long answer type questions, carrying 6 marks each.
    Answers to them should not normally exceed 100 words each.
  • Answers should be brief and to the point and the above word limit be adhered to as far as possible.

Section – A

Question 1.
What is the formula for computing Marginal Rate of Transformation?

Question 2.
Raj Mohan runs a clutch plate manufacturing unit and is currently operating in the second stage of law of variable proportion. State any one measure that can be adopted by him so that the transition to third stage is delayed.

Question 3.
“Total product always increases whether there is increasing returns or diminishing returns to a factor.” Is the given statement true or false? Give reason.

Question 4.
When Marginal Revenue is zero, Total Revenue is
(a) increasing
(b) diminishing
(c) maximum
(d) minimum

Question 5.
Briefly discuss the causes of economic problem.
Or
Diagrammatically illustrate the impact of import substitution policy on the Production Possibility Curve (PPC) of India.

Question 6.
Given below is the utility schedule of a consumer for commodity X. The price of the commodity is ₹ 6 per unit. How many units should the consumer purchase to maximise satisfaction? (Assume that the utility is expressed in utils and 1 util = ₹ 1).

Consumption (units)Total Utility (utils)Marginal Utility (utils)
11010
2188
3257
4316
5343
6340

Question 7.
Explain the effect of the following on elasticity of supply of the good :
(i) Nature of inputs used
(ii) Technique of production
Or
Distinguish between short-run and long-run production functions.

Question 8.
When the price of a commodity goes up by 10%, a consumer’s demand falls from 500 units to 400 units. Calculate the Price Elasticity of Demand (Ed).

Question 9.
Explain the implications of the following features of perfect competition.
(i) Large number of buyers and sellers.
(ii) Freedom of entry and exit of the firm.

Question 10.
How is equilibrium price determined? How is it affected by changes in demand for the commodity?

Question 11.
What is meant by price elasticity of demand? Explain briefly any five factors affecting elasticity of demand.
Or
Why is a consumer in equilibrium, only at the point of tangency of the budget line with an indifference curve?

Question 12.
State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your answer.
(i) When Marginal Revenue (MR) is constant and not equal to zero, then Total Revenue (TR) will also be constant.
(ii) As soon as Marginal Cost (MC) starts rising, Average Variable Cost (AVC) also starts rising.
(iii) Marginal Product (MP) starts diminishing from the point of inflexion.

Section B

Question 13.
What is capital expenditure in the government budget?

Question 14.
Which of these is not an example of direct tax?
(a) Wealth tax
(b) Income tax
(c) Sales tax
(d) Corporation tax

Question 15.
The total deposits of commercial banks are ₹ 1,00,000 crore, while the money created by commercial banks is ₹ 50,00,000 crore. Find the value of Legal Reserve Ratio.

Question 16.
What are the components of measurement of money supply?

Question 17.
“Country ‘Z’ is operating at full employment equilibrium.” What are the implications of this statement? Identify the economic value being followed by the country.

Question 18.
Investment demand includes financial investment like purchase of shares from secondary market. Do you agree?
Or
Explain consumption function with the help of a diagram.

Question 19.
If the real GDP is ₹ 3,000 and price index is 175, then calculate the nominal GDP. What does the price index of 175 indicate?

Question 20.
Explain the problem of double coincidence of wants faced under Barter System. How money has solved this problem?
Or
Describe the evolution of money.

Question 21.
Government has started spending more on providing free services like education and health to the poor. Explain the economic value it reflects.

Question 22.
Calculate Gross National Product at Factor Cost by
(i) Income method and
(ii) Expenditure method from the following data.

S. No.Contents(₹) in crores
(i)Net Domestic Capital Formation500
(ii)Compensation of Employees1,850
(iii)Consumption of Fixed Capital100
(iv)Government Final Consumption Expenditure1,100
(V)Private Final Consumption Expenditure2,600
(Vi)Rent400
(vii)Dividend200
(viii)Interest500
(ix)Net Exports(-)100
(X)Profits1,100
(xi)Net Factor Income from Abroad(-)50
(xii)Net Indirect Taxes250

Identify the economic value involved in the estimation of national income.

Question 23.
Given below is the Consumption Function (C) in an economy.
C = 200 + Y
With the help of a numerical example, show that in this economy, as income increases Average Propensity to Consume (APC) will decrease.
Or
The savings function of an economy is S = – 200 + Y. The economy is in equilibrium when income is equal to ₹ 2,000. Calculate
(i) Investment Expenditure at Equilibrium Level of Income (I)
(ii) Autonomous Consumption (\(\overline { C } \))
(iii) Investment Multiplier (K)

Question 24.
(i) Other thing? remaining constant, explain the impact of rise in foreign currency on national income.
(ii) Give any three points of difference between depreciation of currency and devaluation of currency.

Answers

Answer 1.
Marginal Rate of Transformation
\(=\frac { Units\quad of\quad Good\quad Y\quad Sacrified\quad \left( \triangle Y \right) }{ Units\quad od\quad Good\quad X\quad Gained\quad \left( \triangle X \right) } \)

Answer 2.
By improving the technology of production, Raj Mohan can delay the transition to the third state of law of variable proportion.

Answer 3.
The given statement is true. In stages of increasing and diminishing returns, total product rises because in these stages marginal product is positive.

Answer 4.
(c) Maximum

Answer 5.
Economic problem arises due to the following reasons :

  1. Human “Wants are Unlimited Human wants are unlimited as it is a repetitive process in which wants get increased by consuming goods and sen/ices. Fulfillment of one want leads to the surfacement of another want.
  2. Resources are Limited Resources are limited in supply in relation to their demand. Scarcity is the basic feature of every economy. No economy can be self-sufficient in everything. Scarcity is a universal phenomenon, which continues indefinitely. The scarcity of resources creates economic problem for every country in the world.
  3. Resources have Alternative Uses The resources are not only scarce in supply but they also have alternative uses. e.g. land can be used to produce wheat or to rice or to build a hospital or a school. A choice between the alternative uses of land has to be made. This problem of choice leads to an economic problem.

Or
Import substitution policy means producing goods in the country rather than importing from rest of the world. To produce more output, now inputs are being imported which increases the resources of the country. Consequently, production possibility curve would shift right from ab to a1b1.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6 1

Answer 6.
The consumer will purchase 4 units because at this consumption level, Marginal Utility (MU) is equal to the price. At consumption level of less than 4 units, MU is greater than price. Therefore, there is a scope of increasing gain by purchasing more. If he buys more than 4 units, MU becomes less than the price. Therefore, there is a scope of increasing gain by purchasing less, so consumer maximises satisfaction at 4 units of consumption of commodity X.

Answer 7.
The effect of the following on elasticity of supply of the good is as follows:

  1. Nature of Inputs Used The Elasticity of Supply depends on the nature of inputs used for the production of a commodity. If commonly available inputs are used, supply will be elastic, but in case of scarcely available inputs, the supply will be inelastic.
  2. Technique of Production In case of production of a commodity, supply will be less elastic if it involves the use of a complex and expensive technology. On the other hand, use of a simple technology facilitates quicker changes in output and supply.

Or
Difference between short-run production function and long-run production function are:

BasisShort-run Production FunctionLong-run Production Function
Nature of factorsSome factors are variable while ” others are fixed.All factors are variable.
Proportions typeShort-period production function is of variable proportions type.Long-period production function is of constant proportions type.
Scale of outputScale of output remains constant.Scale of output changes.
Study of output behaviourBehaviour of output is studied with reference to ‘Returns to a factor’ or ‘Law of Variable Proportions.Behaviour of output is studied with reference to ‘Returns to scale’.

Answer 8.
Given, Percentage change in price = 10%,
Initial Quantity (Q) = 500 units
New Quantity = 400 units
Change in Quantity (∆Q) = 400 – 500 = -100 units
Percentage change in quantity demanded
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6 2

Answer 9.
(i) Very Large Number of Buyers and Sellers A perfectly competitive market is dominated by very large number of buyers and sellers of a commodity. It means that there is no such buyer or seller in the market whose purchase or sale is so large as to impact the total sale or purchase in the market. Each buyer and seller has only a fractional share in the market demand and market supply respectively. Each buyer and seller has to accept the price as it is in the .market. Therefore, it is said that a firm under perfect competition is a price taker not a price maker.

(ii) Freedom of Entry and Exit of Firm Under perfect competition, a firm can enter or leave the industry anytime. In order to analyse the implications of this feature, we need to focus on short period and long period situation. Short period by definition, is too short for an existing firm to leave the industry or for a new firm to join the industry. Accordingly, the significance of this feature is restricted only to long period situations. Because of free entry and exit, firms in the long-run earn only normal profits. In case, extra normal profits are earned, new firms will join the industry. In this case, market supply will increase, market price will fall and extra normal profits will be wiped out. In case of extra normal losses, some of the existing firms will leave the industry. Market supply will decrease, market price will increase and extra normal losses will be wiped out. Hence, there will be neither supernormal profits nor losses in the long-run.

Answer 10.
Equilibrium price is determined at a point where market demand is equal to market supply. Other things being equal, equilibrium price increases with an increase in demand and falls with a decrease in demand as shown in the following figure:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6 3

In the given figure, DD is the initial demand curve and SS is the supply curve. Initially, the equilibrium point is E. Corresponding to this point, equilibrium price is OP.
As demand increases, demand curve DD shifts rightwards to D1D1. Supply remaining the same, equilibrium point shifts to E1. At this point, the equilibrium price is OP1. which is higher than OP. As demand decreases, demand curve DD shifts leftwards to D2D2. Supply remaining the same, equilibrium point shifts to E2. At this point, the equilibrium price is OP2, which is lower than OP.

Answer 11.
Price elasticity of demand measures the degree of responsiveness of quantity demanded of a commodity to a change in its price. Price Elasticity of Demand for a commodity is defined as the percentage change in quantity demanded for the commodity divided by the percentage change in its price.
Some of the important determinants of price elasticity of demand are as follows: (any five)

  1. Nature of the Commodity Nature of the commodity is an important determinant of the price Elasticity of Demand. Necessities like food items and prestige goods have an inelastic demand, while luxuries and comforts have comparatively elastic demand.
  2. Availability of Substitutes The demand for commodities having close substitutes is very elastic because if there is an increase in the price of the commodity, their people will start using substitute commodities.
  3. Postponement of Consumption The demand for commodities is elastic, whose consumption can be postponed for sometime such as the demand of television, otherwise it is inelastic as in the case of medicines.
  4. Different Uses of the Commodity A commodity which has several uses will have an elastic demand. On the other hand, a commodity having only one use will have inelastic demand, e.g. milk, steel, etc have elastic demand because they can be put to several uses.
  5. Time Period Generally, longer the duration of period, greater will be the elasticity of demand because consumer have enough time to adjust their demand and vice-versa.
  6. Habits If consumers are habituated of some commodities, the demand for such commodities will usually be inelastic, e.g. alcohol.
  7. Proportion of Income Spent on the Goods Items such as toothpaste, needle will have an inelastic demand as consumers spend a small proportion of their income on such items. On the other hand, goods on which the consumers spend a large proportion of their income (cloth, food, etc) tend to have elastic demand.

Or
Consumer’s equilibrium is a point where budget line is tangent to Indifference Curve (IC) or equilibrium is achieved where slope of Indifference Curve is equal to the slope of budget line or price line.
Two conditions of the consumer’s equilibrium are given below:
(i) \(XY=\frac { { P }_{ X } }{ { P }_{ Y } } \)
(ii) At the point of equilibrium, Indifference Curve must be convex to the origin. It implies that at the point of equilibrium, MRS must be diminishing.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6 4
In the given diagram, E is the equilibrium point at which budget line touches the higher Indifference Curve IC2. Points ’A’ and ‘B’ lie on IC1, which offers lower level of satisfaction to the consumer and IC3 is not affordable as per the income of consumer and prices of the two goods.
So, the consumer is at equilibrium at point F’ only, where the indifference curve is tanget to the budget line.MM.

Answer 12.

  1. False, because when Marginal Revenue (MR) is constant, Total Revenue (TR) is increasing at a constant rate. Only when Marginal Revenue is zero, Total Revenue is constant.
  2. False, Average Variable Cost (AVC) can fall even when Marginal Cost (MC) starts rising. In the figure given, MC is at its minimum at point ‘a’ and AVC is at its minimum at point Between points ‘a’ to ‘b’, MC is rising, but AVC is falling.
    CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6 5
  3. True, because point of inflexion is a point from where slope of Total Product (TP) changes. And, Slope of TP=MP. Therefore, from this point, MP stops increasing and starts diminishing.

Answer 13.
Capital expenditure of the government budget refers to those expenditures of the government which either increase assets or reduce liabilities of the government.

Answer 14.
(c) Sales tax because it is not levied directly on the income of the consumer or earner.

Answer 15.
We know that,
Money created
= Deposits of Commercial Banks x \(\frac { 1 }{ LRR } \)
\(50,00,000=1,00,000\times \frac { 1 }{ LRR } \)
⇒ \(LRR=\frac { 1 }{ 50,00,000 } \) = 0.02 or 2%

Answer 16.
The components of M1 measurement of money supply (M1)=Currency (including notes and coins held by people) + Demand Deposits + Other Demand Deposits

Answer 17.
The implications of this statement are as follows:

  1. Aggregate demand is equal to aggregate supply in country ‘Z’.
  2. In country ’Z’, resources are being utilised in an optimum manner.
    Economic value being followed is that of best use of country’s resources.

Answer 18.
No, I do not agree. The term investment demand refers to the demand for real investment and not financial investment. Real investment is concerned with the increase in stock of capital assets such as tools, equipments, inventories and also increase in stock of consumer goods. Thus, it does not include investment in shares and securities.
Or
The functional relationship between the consumption expenditure and the income is known as consumption function. Symbolically,
C = f (Y), which is read as, ‘Consumption is a function of income’.
Consumption function in terms of an algebric expression can be written as:
\(C=\overline { C } +bY\)
Where, C = Consumption expenditure
\(\overline { C } \) = Autonomous consumption at zero level of income
b = Marginal Propensity to Consume
Y = Income
Let us understand it with the help of a diagram.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 6 6
In the above diagram, point B represents the break-even point, where the consumption expenditure is equal to the income. To the left of point S, consumption is greater than income and to the right of point 6, consumption is less than income.

Answer 19.
Given,
Real Gross Domestic Product = ₹ 3,000, and Price Index = 175
We know that,
Price Index = \(\frac { Nominal\quad GDP }{ Real\quad GDP } \times 100\)
\(\Rightarrow 175=\frac { Nominal\quad GDP }{ 3,000 } \times 100\)
Norminal GDP = 175 x 30
=₹ 5,250
The price index of 175 indicates that as compared to the base year, the prices have increased by 75%. in current year

Answer 20.
Double Coincidence of Wants Barter system can only work, when both the persons are ready to exchange each other’s goods. For example, if a person has surplus rice and he wants wheat then he will have to find a person who has surplus wheat and wants rice. But usually this type of double coincidence is rare, especially in modern times.

Money has eliminated double coincidence of wants. In modern times, the buyer buys goods for money and the seller sells goods for money. So, the person having surplus rice can sell it in the market for money and from that money he can purchase wheat. So, money facilitates exchange of goods and services and helps in carrying on trade smoothly.
Or
The various forms that money took during the process of evolution are discussed below:

  1. Commodity Money All sorts of commodities like pearls, sea-shells, salt etc have been used as a medium of exchange.
  2. Animal Money Animals such as cow, goat, etc were used as a medium of exchange. .
  3. Metallic Money Money made from metals like gold, silver, copper etc was called metallic money.
  4. Paper Money Money made of paper is known as paper money.
  5. Credit Money It refers to bank deposits with banks which are withdrawable through a cheque.
  6. Plastic Money It is the modern form of money in the form of debit and credit cards.
  7. Virtual Money It is the latest form of money which exists in web world. Bit coin is the example of virtual’money.

Answer 21.
With the efforts of government in raising educational and health related services, level of health and education of poor people is expected to rise. This leads to a rise in human capital formation.
Efficiency of workers is expected to rise with improvement in their health and with improvement in their education, skill formation will take place.
Consequently, the level of technology tends to scale up due to which more research and innovations are facilitated.
Higher level of output is achieved with the same level of inputs. So, Production Possibility Curve (PPC) tends to shift to the right.

Answer 22.
(i) By Income Method
Gross National Product at Factor Cost = Compensation of Employees + Rent + Interest + Profits ‘ + Net Factor Income from Abroad + Consumption of Fixed Capital
= 1,850 + 400 + 500 + 1,100 + (- 50) + 100
= 3,950 – 50 = ₹ 3,900 crore
(ii) By Expenditure Method
Gross National Product at Factor Cost = Private Final Consumption Expenditure + Government Final Consumption Expenditure + Net Domestic Capital Formation + Consumption of Fixed Capital + Net Exports + Net Factor Income from Abroad – Net Indirect Taxes
= 2,600 + 1,100+ 500 + 100 + (-100) + (-50) – 250
= 4,300 – 400 = ₹ 3,900 crore
The economic value involved in estimation of national income is to assess the level of economic development in the country.

Answer 23.
Consumption Function (C) =200 + 0.75 Y
Suppose, Income (Y) in the economy is ₹ 400, ₹ 500 or ₹ 600
When Y = 400
C= 200 + 0.75 x 400 = ₹ 500
When, Y = 500
C= 200 + 0.75 x 500 = ₹ 575
When Y = 600
C= 200 + 0.75 x 600 = ₹ 650
Therefore,

Income (Y)Consumption (C)APC (C /Y)
400500500/400 = 1.25
500575575/500 = 1.15
600650650/600 = 1.08

From the above table, it is clear that as income rises, Average Propensity to Consume (APC) decreases.
Therefore, as shown in the given example as income increases from ₹ 400 to ₹ 500 to ₹ 600,
APC decreases from 1.25 to 1.15 to 1.08, respectively.
Or
(i) Investment Expenditure Substituting the value of
Y in saving function,
We get
S = -200+ 0.25 x 2,000 = ₹ 300
At equilibrium level of income, S = /
So, / =₹ 300
Thus, investment expenditure at equilibrium level of income is ₹ 300.
where, S = Savings
/ = Investments, Y = National Income/Income
(ii) Autonomous Consumption
Consumption + Saving = Income … (i)
Autonomous consumption refers to that level of consumption expenditure where income is zero. Flere, if income (Y) = 0, Saving (S) = -200 Putting these value in equation (i), We get Consumption + (- 200) = 0
⇒ Consumption = ₹ 200 So, Autonomous Consumption = ₹ 200
(iii) investment Multiplier \(K=\frac { 1 }{ MPS } \)
From saving function, we know that
Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS) = 025
Investment Multiplier (K) = \(\frac { 1 }{ 0.25 } =4\)

Answer 24.
(i) There is no direct impact on national income of a country with change in exchange rate. But change in exchange rate has an indirect impact on national income. When exchange rate rises, domestic currency depreciates. The foreign countries can now purchase more quantity of goods and services from the same amount of foreign currency from the domestic country. Imports tends to fall and exports tend to rise. Accordingly, aggregate demand tends to rise. A rise in AD may lead to a rise in national income.

(ii) Difference between depreciation and devaluation of currency are:

BasisDepreciation of CurrencyDevaluation of Currency
Market forces of demand and supplyDepreciation of foreign currency is determined by market forces of demand and supply.Devaluation of foreign currency is not determined by market forces of demand and supply.
Government interventionThere is generally no direct intervention of government.Devaluation is generally done by government itself.
PlanningIt is not planned at all.It is generally planned by government.

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5

BoardCBSE
ClassXII
SubjectEconomics
Sample Paper SetPaper 5
CategoryCBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 5 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Economics is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time : 3 hrs
M.M.: 80

General Instructions

  • All questions in both the sections A and B are compulsory. However, there is internal choice in questions of 3,4 and 6 marks.
  • Question Nos. 1-4 and 13-16 are very short answer type questions, carrying 1 mark each.
    They are required to be answered in one sentence each.
  • Question Nos. 5-6 and 17-18 are short answer I type questions, carrying 3 marks each.
    Answers to them should not normally exceed 60 words each.
  • Question Nos. 7-9 and 19-21 are short answer II type questions, carrying 4 marks each.
    Answers to them should not normally exceed 70 words each.
  • Question Nos. 10-12 and 22-24 are long answer type questions, carrying 6 marks each.
    Answers to them should not normally exceed 100 words each.
  • Answers should be brief and to the point and the above word limit be adhered to as far as possible.

Section – A

Question 1.
What is meant by foregone cost in microeconomics?

Question 2.
The marginal revenue curve cuts the horizontal line between 7-axis and the demand curve into
(a) two unequal parts
(b) two equal parts
(c) Either (a) or (b)
(d) None of these

Question 3.
What is the relation between marginal cost and average cost when average cost is rising?

Question 4.
How production function establishes a technical relationship and not an economic relationship?

Question 5.
Price Elasticity of Demand (Ed) of a commodity is 2. If the quantity demanded increases by 1%, what is the percentage change in price?

Question 6.
State the conditions in which the production possibility curve can rotate outwards.
Or
Explain the major differences between the two branches of economics.

Question 7.
State the Law of Demand and the assumptions of Law of Demand.
Or
Discuss in brief the various kinds of demand.

Question 8.
The Price Elasticity of Supply s of good X is half of the Price Elasticity of Supply of good Y. A 10% rise in the price of good Y results in a rise in its supply from 400 units to 520 units. Calculate the percentage change in quantity supplied of good X when its price falls from ₹ 10 to ₹ 8 per unit.

Question 9.
Write any four points of difference between price making firm and price taking firm.

Question 10.
What do you understand by demand schedule and demand curve? Explain with the help of an example and a diagram.

Question 11.
State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons.
(i) When there are diminishing returns to a factor, Marginal Product and Total Product both diminishes.
(ii) When Marginal Revenue (MR) is positive and constant, Average Revenue (AR) and Total Revenue (TR) both will increase at constant rate.
(iii) As output is increased, the difference between Average Total Cost (ATC) and Average < Variable Cost (AVC) falls and ultimately becomes zero.
Or
State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons.
(i) As output increases, Average Cost (AC) tends to be closer to Average Variable Cost (AVC).
(ii) Average Cost (AC) is more consistent than Marginal Cost (MC).
(iii) When Marginal Revenue (MR) is zero, Average Revenue becomes maximum.

Question 12.
Maruti, Tata, Fiat, Ford and GM are only a few auto producers in .the Indian market. Identify the form of market in which they sell their products and also explain its features. If these companies decide to form a cartel, then will the consumer stand to benefit?

Section – B

Question 13.
Kuzira is a remote village in South Africa where people use animal skins to purchase goods. Which form of money is being used by them?

Question 14.
The estimated income receipts of the government in the budget of 2016 – 17 is ₹ 25,000 crore and its estimated expenditure is ₹ 27,500 crore. The budget of the government is
(a) balanced
(b) deficit
(c) surplus
(d) None of these

Question 15.
If borrowings and other liabilities are added to the budget deficit, we get
(a) fiscal deficit ,
(b) primary deficit
(c) capital deficit
(d) revenue deficit

Question 16.
Name the rate at which Central Bank gives loan to commercial banks for short-term.

Question 17.
Which of the following cannot have a negative value? Give reasons for your answer.
(i) Average propensity to save
(ii) Marginal propensity to save

Question 18.
Derive the formula,
\(K=\frac { 1 }{ MPS } \)
where K = Investment multiplier
MPS = Marginal Propensity to save
Or
Complete the following table :

Consumption Expenditure (₹)Savings (₹)Income (₹)Marginal Propensity to Consume
10050150—
17575——
250100——
 325125——

Question 19.
Identify the three phases of circular flow and identify the type of data that is required to measure National Income at each of the three phases of circular flow?

Question 20.
Anthony and Ajay were having a conversation on the topic of ‘money supply’. Anthony was of the view that since money supply consists of supply it is a flow concept, whereas Ajay was of the view that it is a stock concept. In your view, which of the two is correct? Why? Also explain the concept of money supply.
Or
Explain the following functions of the Central Bank.
(i) Bank of issue
(ii) Custodian of Foreign Exchange Reserves

Question 21.
Classify the following as revenue receipts and capital receipts. Justify your answer.
(i) Profit of public sector undertakings.
(ii) Market borrowing by the government.
(iii) Income from sale of its share in public sector undertakings.
(iv) Income from sale of spectrum.

Question 22.
Explain the steps taken in derivation of consumption curve from saving curve. Use diagram.
Or
Explain the steps taken in the derivation of saving curve from the consumption curve. Use diagram.

Question 23.
Calculate ‘Gross National Product at Factor Cost’ (GNPFC) from the following data by
(i) Income Method and
(ii) Expenditure Method.

S.No.Items(₹) in crores
(i)Private Final Consumption Expenditure1,000
(ii)Net Domestic Capital Formation200
(iii)Profits400
(iv)Compensation of Employees800
(V)Rent250
(Vi)Government Final Consumption Expenditure500
(vii)Consumption of Fixed Capital60
(viii)Interest150
(ix)Net Current Transfers from Rest of the World(—) 80
(x)Net Factor Income from Abroad(—) 10
(xi)Net Exports(—) 20
(xii)Net Indirect Taxes80

Question 24.
Distinguish
(i) between autonomous and accommodating transactions of Balance of Payments account and
(ii) between current account and capital account.

Answers

Answer 1.
Forgone cost for a commodity is the amount of the other commodity that has been foregone in order to produce the first or in other words, it is the cost of next best opportunity foregone.

Answer 2.
(b) Two equal parts

Answer 3.
When average cost rises, the marginal cost also rises and it exceeds the average cost.

Answer 4.
Production function does not establish any economic relation between inputs and output. It only establishes a technical relation between inputs and output as it is only engineers (and not economists) who tells that ‘x’ variable factors with y fixed factors will produce a maximum of ‘z’ units of acommodity. Thus, production function connects inputs and output technically.

Answer 5.
Here, Price Elasticity of Demand (Ed) = 2
Percentage change in quantity demanded = 1%
Percentage change in price = ?
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 1
⇒ Percentage change in price = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \) or 0.5%

Answer 6.
The production possibility curve will rotate outward under the following two conditions:
(i) Improvement in technology in favour of one commodity.
(ii) Growth of resources for the production of one commodity.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 2
Or
The two branches of economics are microeconomics and macroeconomics.
Difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics are :

BasisMicroeconomicsMacroeconomics
MeaningIt is that branch of economics which studies individual economic variables like demand, supply, price, etc.It is that branch of economics which studies aggregate economic variables like aggregate demand/supply, price level, etc.
Basic parameterThe basic parameter of microeconomics is price.The basic parameter of macroeconomics is national income.
ScopeSince, it operates on individual level, it has a narrow scope.Since, it operates with a high degree of aggregation, it has a very wide scope.

Answer 7.
The Law of Demand states that other factors remaining constant, the demand for a commodity expands with fall in its price and contracts with rise in its price. In other words, Law of Demand states that there is an inverse relationship between the price of a commodity and its quantity demanded.
Assumptions of the Law of Demand are as follows:

  1. There should be no change in the price of substitute or complementary goods.
  2. There should be no change in the income of the consumer.
  3. There should be no change in the taste, preference and habit of the consumer.
  4. There should be no change in number of family members, government policy, etc.
  5. There should be no change in the distribution of income.
  6. No expectation of further changes in the availability of a commodity.

Or
The various kinds of demand are as follows:

  1. Price Demand It refers to the quantity demanded of a commodity in relation to its price, other things remaining unchanged, e.g. with decrease in price, demand for normal good rises.
  2. Income Demand It refers to the demand of a commodity in relation to income of the consumer, other things remaining constant, e.g. with increase in income, demand for normal good rises.
  3. Cross Demand It refers to the relationship between the price of a commodity and demand for related goods, other things being constant, e.g. with increase in price of one commodity (tea), demand for its substitute commodity (coffee) rises.
  4. Derived Demand When demand for one commodity is derived from demand for some other
    commodity, then it is known as derived demand, e.g. demand for house leads to demand for cement, bricks, etc.

Answer 8.
Given, for good Y,
Initial Quantity (Q)=400 units; New Quantity (Q1) = 520 units
Change in Quantity (∆Q) = Q1 – Q = 520 – 400 = 120 units
Percentage Change in Quantity Supplied of \(Y=\frac { \triangle Q }{ Q } \times 100=\frac { 120 }{ 400 } \times 100=30\)%
Percentage Change in Price of Y =10% (given)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 3
Percentage change in quantity supplied of X = 1.5 x -20 = -30
Therefore, supply of X falls by 30%.

Answer 9.
Difference between price making firm (monopoly) and price taking firm (perfect competition) are :

BasisMonopolyPerfect Competition
MeaningIt refers to the market where there is a single seller or producer selling a particular good in the market.It refers to the market where there are large number of sellers, selling homogeneous goods.
Degree of elasticityFirm’s demand curve under monopoly is relatively less elastic.Firm’s demand curve under perfect competition is perfectly elastic.
Slope of demand curveDemand curve slopes downward with low elasticity and is steeper.Demand curve is a horizontal straight line parallel to the X-axis.
Diagrammatic presentationDemand curve for monopoly firm.Demand curve for perfectly competitive firm.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 4

Answer 10.
Demand Schedule It is a table showing different quantities of goods that people are prepared to buy at different levels of price. In other words, the Law of Demand or demand function stated in a tabular form is termed as demand schedule.
Demand schedule can further be classified as follows:
(i) Individual Demand Schedule The schedule that shows the demand by an individual household for a commodity at different prices is known as individual demand schedule.
Example of individual demand schedule :

Price of Milk (₹ per litre)4321
Mohan’s Demand for Milk (litre)2358

(ii) Market Demand Schedule The schedule that shows the demand of all the households for a commodity at different prices is known as market demand schedule.
Example of market demand schedule:

Price of Milk (₹ per litre)

Mohan’s Demand for Milk (in litre)Sohan’s Demand for Milk (in litre)Market Demand for Milk (in litre)
4111+1 = 2
3323+2 = 5
2545+4 = 9
1757+5 = 12

(Note It has been assumed that market consists of two households only)
Demand Curve A demand curve is the graphical representation of demand schedule showing the relationship between price of the commodity and its demand. It is a downward sloping curve.
Demand curve is of two types as given below:
(i) Individual Demand Curve A curve which shows the various quantities of a commodity demanded by a particular household at various levels of price is known as individual demand curve. It is the graphical representation of individual demand schedule.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 5
(ii) Market Demand Curve Market demand curve is the horizontal summation of individual demand curve i.e. it is a curve which shows the various quantities of a commodity demanded by the whole market at various prices. It is the graphical representation of market demand schedule.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 6

Answer 11.

  1. The statement is false.
    When there are diminishing returns to a factor, Marginal Product diminishes but Total Product increases at a diminishing rate.
  2. The statement is false.
    When Marginal Revenue (MR) is positive and constant, Total Revenue (TR) increases at a constant rate. AR tends to be equal to MR. i.e. remain constant.
  3. The statement is false.
    As output increases, the difference between Average Total Cost
    (ATC) and Average Variable Cost (AVC) falls but can never be zero. The difference is equal to Average Fixed Cost (AFC) which remains positive, even when it is falling.

Or

  1. The statement is true.
    We know that AC = AFC + AVC. As output increases, AFC continuously fall, because TFC is constant. Consequently, the component of AFC in AC tends to shrink. This brings AC closer to AVC.
  2. The statement is true. AC is more consistent because it is not directly affected by the law of variable proportion. On the other hand, MC is directly affected by law of variable proportion due to which it is narrow ‘IT shaped curve whereas, AC curve is wide ‘U’ shaped curve.
  3. The statement is false.
    When Marginal Revenue is zero, Average Revenue will be diminishing.

Answer 12.
These cbmpanies sell their products in oligopoly market. Oligopoly is a form of market in which there are a few big sellers of a commodity and a large number of buyers.
Its main features are explained below ;

  1. A Few Firms A few firms, but large in size dominate the market for a commodity. Each firm commands a significant share of the market which can impact market price of the product.
  2. Large Number of Buyers There are a large number of buyers of a commodity. The number is so large that no individual buyer can impact market price of the product.
  3. Formation of Cartels With a view to avoid competition, firms may form a cartel. It is a formal agreement among the firms to avoid price competition.
  4. Non-price Competition Under oligopoly, firms tend to avoid price competition, e.g. in India, both Coke and Pepsi sell soft drink at the same price. However, in order to enhance its share of the market, each firm tries to resort to non-price competition.

If these companies form cartel, then this would lead to non-price competition and the consumer would be exploited.

Section – B

Answer 13.
The natives of Kuzira village are using commodity money.

Answer 14.
(b) Deficit

Answer 15.
(a) Fiscal deficit

Answer 16.
Repo rate is the rate at which Central Bank gives loan to the commercial banks for 1 to 14 days against approved securities.

Answer 17.

  1. Average Propensity to Save (APS) represents the ratio between savings and income. When consumption expenditure is more than income then it gives rise to negative savings or dis-savings. In this case, APS . will be negative.
  2. Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS) represents the ratio between change in savings and change in income. As such, its value cannot be negative. Its value ranges between 0 and 1. If the whole of income is spend on consumption, then MPS is zero. On the other hand, if whole of income is saved then MPS is one.

Answer 18.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 7
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 8

Answer 19.
The three phases of circular flow of income are the production phase, the income phase and the expenditure phase.
The following data is required to measure national income at each of the three phases of circular flow :

  1. Production Phase The data relating to Net Value Added at Factor Cost in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors and Net Factor Income from Abroad.
  2. Income Phase The data relating to net interest, net rent, net profit and net wages and Net Factor Income from Abroad.
  3. Expenditure Phase The data relating to private consumption expenditure, government consumption
    expenditure, gross domestic capital formation, net exports, depreciation, Net Indirect Taxes and Net Factor Income from Abroad.

Answer 20.
Ajay was correct, as supply of money is a stock concept. It refers to total stock of money held by the people of a country at a point of time.
Supply of money includes only that stock of money which is held by those who demand money and not those who supply money. Therefore, supply of money does not include:

  1. Stock of money held by the government.
  2. Stock of money held by.the banking system of a country.
    It is because government and the banking system of a country are suppliers of money.

Or

  1. Bank of Issue The Central Bank of a country has the sole authority of issuing currency notes and coins in that country. All the currency issued by the Central Bank are unlimited legal tenders. No other commercial bank or financial institution can issue these currency notes except Central Bank. Flence, the Central Bank is also known as Bank of Issue. ‘
  2. Custodian of Foreign Exchange Reserves Central Bank is the custodian of nation’s foreign exchange reserve. The Central Bank maintains foreign exchange reserves in order to promote international trade and stabilise exchange rate to an agreed limit through managed floating.

Answer 21.

  1. Profit of public sector undertakings is a revenue receipt, because it neither creates liability nor reduces assets of government.
  2. Market borrowing by government is a capital receipt, because it creates a liability for the government in the form of borrowing from public.
  3. Receipt/Income from sale of its share in public sector undertaking is a capital receipt, as it causes reduction in assets of the government.
  4. Income from sale of spectrum is a non-tax source of revenue receipt, as it does not lead to reduction in assets and does not create liability for the government.

Answer 22.
Steps taken for derivation of consumption curve are:

  1. At zero level of income, the saving is OS which is the amount of autonomous consumption. So, OS = OC. Hence, the consumption will start from the point C.
  2. We draw a 45° line passing through the origin which shows that C = Y. This is the income line.
  3. Now we draw a vertical line from the point E, where saving is zero. At zero level of saving, C = Y, so B is the break-event point.
  4. The consumption curve is derived meeting C and B and extending it forward.
    CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 9

Or
Steps taken for derivation of saving curve are:

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Economics Paper 5 10

  1. At zero level of income (Y), the autonomous consumption is OC. If we take the vertical distance between the consumption curve, CC and income line at zero level of income, then OS =OC. Hence, the saving curve starts from the point S on the negative Y-axis.
  2. The consumption curve intersects income line at point B. B is the break-even point where consumption is equal to income (C = Y). At this point, saving will be zero as all the income is consumed. Hence, the saving curve will intersect the X-axis (at point E) at this income level.
  3. The consumption is less than income beyond point E. It means the excess income after consumption is saved and hence, the saving curve moves toward positive direction above X-axis with the increase in the level of income.

Answer 23.
(i) Income Method
Net Domestic Product at Factor Cost (NDPFC) = Compensation of Employees + Operating Surplus
(Profits + Rent + Interest) + Mixed Income
= 800 + (400 + 250 + 150) + 0 = 800 + 800
= ₹ 1,600 crore
Gross National Product at Factor Cost (GNPFC)
= NDPFC+Net Factor Income from Abroad + Depreciation
= 1,600 + (-10) + 60 = 1,660 -10 = ₹ 1,650 crore
(ii) Expenditure Method
Gross Domestic Product at Market Price (GDPMP)
= Private Final Consumption Expenditure + Government Final Consumption Expenditure + Gross Domestic Capital Formation + Net Exports
= 1,000 + 500 + (200 + 60) + (-20)
= 1,000 + 500 + 260 – 20 = ₹ 1,740 crore
Gross National Product at Factor Cost (GNPFC)= GDPMP – Net Indirect Taxes + Net Factor Income from Abroad (NFIA)
= 1,740 – 80 + (-10) = 1,740 – 90
= ₹ 1,650 crore

Answer 24.
(i) Difference between autonomous items and accommodating items of BoP are :

BasisAutonomous ItemsAccommodating Items
MeaningThese items are related to those transactions which are determined by consideration of profit.These items are not related to those transactions which are determined by consideration of profit.
Establish BoP identityThese items are not meant to establish BoP identity.These items are meant to establish BoP identity.
Also called asAbove the line items.Below the line items.

(ii) Difference between current and capital account of BoP are:

BasisCurrent Account of BoPCapital Account of BoP
Nature of transactionThese are the transactions which do not affect the assets or liabilities position of the country.These are the transactions which affect assets or liabilities position of the country.
ConceptIt is a flow concept.It is a stock concept.
Formula/

Component

Current Account = Exports and Imports of Visible and Invisible Items + Unilateral Transactions + Income Received- Income Paid to AbroadCapital Account = Borrowings and Lending from and to Abroad + Investment to and from Abroad + Change in the Reserve of Foreign Exchange

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