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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Chandni are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Chandni.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Chandni

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
Comprehension Cheek
(Page 45)

Question 1.
Why did Abbu Khan’s goats want to run away ? What happened to them in the hills ?
Answer:
Abbu Khan’s goats were of the best hill-breed. Goats in the hilly regions hate being tied. They love freedom. So his goats ran away. In the hills, there lived an old wolf. They were eaten up by him.

Question 2.
Abbu Khan said, “No more goats in my house ever again,” Then he changed his mind. Why ?
Answer:
Abbu Khan was very sad when all his goats were gone. So he said, “No more goats in my house ever again.” But after a few days he began to feel lonely. He felt he could not live without his pets. So he changed his mind and bought a young goat.

Question 3.
Why did he buy a young goat ?
Answer:
Abbu Khan bought a young goat thinking it would stay with him much longer. He wanted to love that goat so much that it would never go away. So he bought a pretty young goat.

Comprehension Check
(Page 49)

Question 1.
Why did Chandni hate the rope round her neck ?
Answer:
Chandni wanted to run to the hills. She tried but the rope would stop her. So Chandni hated the rope round her neck.

Question 2.
“Now Abbu Khan understood Chandni’s problem…” What was Chandni’s problem ?
Answer:
Chandni’s problem was her love for freedom. She wanted to run up the hills.

Question 3.
Abbu Khan pushed Chandni into a small hut. This shows that he
(i) was cruel.
(ii) loved her and wanted to save her life.
(iii) was selfish.
Answer:
(ii) loved her and wanted to save her life.

Comprehension Check
(Page 51)

Question 1.
why did Chandni refuse to join the group of wild goats ? (Imp.)
Answer:
Chandni refused to join the group of wild goats because she wanted to enjoy her new freedom by herself.

Question 2.
Chandni fought the wolf because she
(i) was stronger than the wolf.
(ii) hated the wolf.
(iii) had to retain her freedom at all costs.
Answer:
(iii) had to retain her freedom at all costs.

EXERCISES
(Page 42)

Discuss the following topics in groups.
Question 1.
Why did the wise old bird say, “Chandni is the winner” ?
Answer:
The wise old bird said that Chandni was the winner. The bird said so because Chandni wanted to retain her freedom at all costs. In this aim of hers, she succeeded. So the bird was right when she said that Chandni was the winner.

Question 2.
“Death in an open field is better than life in a small hut,” Chandni said to herself. Was it the right decision ? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
This statement is the moral of the stoiy. Yet it is difficult to completely agree with it. Life is valuable and so is the freedom. But there can be no freedom without life. So as far as possible one must try to protect one’s freedom. It does not mean that we should knowingly walk to death. Chandni could return to the hut on seeing the wolf. She could have come to the hills next morning. In fact life is like walking on the razor’s edge. One must keep a balance. In order to walk straight you have to bend sometimes on left, sometimes on right.

Question 3.
Freedom is life. Discuss this with reference to ‘Chandni’ and ‘I Want Something in a Cage’.
Answer:
It is indeed very true that freedom is life. Both these stories ‘Chandni’ and ‘I Want Something in a Cage’, show it. In both these stories, this feeling has been expressed through the animals. In ‘Chandni’ it is expressed through goats. In ‘I Want Something in a Cage’ the same feeling has been expressed by a pair of doves. The authors suggest that not only human beings love freedom. Even animals and birds can give their all for getting their freedom.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Chandni help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English An Alien Hand Chapter 7 Chandni, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 How the State Government Works are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 How the State Government Works.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 How the State Government Works

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

Question 1.
Use the terms ‘constituency’ and ‘represent’ to explain who an MLA is and how is the person elected?
Answer.

1. The entire state is divided into constituencies equal to the number of seats in the State Legislature Assembly.
2. The voters of each constituency cast their votes in favour of the candidates of their choice.
3. The candidate who secures the highest number of votes gets elected as an MLA and represents the constituency in the legislative r assembly of the State.

Question 2.
How did some MLAs become Ministers? Explain.
Answer.

1. The Party which obtains more than 50 percent of total seats in an Assembly is termed as the ruling party.
2. The ruling party members {MLAs) choose their leader.
   • The leader is the leader of the ruling party.
   • The Governor appoints and gives an oath to the leader as Chief Minister.
   • The Chief Minister forms the cabinet by nominating ministers from among the ruling party MLAs or from outside, from among the party members.
   • He sends the names of the ministers to the Governor who appoints them as ministers.
   • The Governor then gives an oath to these ministers.

Question 3.
Why should decisions are taken by the Chief Minister and other ministers be debated in the Legislative Assembly?
Answer.

1. In a democracy, all Government decisions must be approved by the people.
2. The people cannot do this directly, so their representatives in the Legislative Assembly approve or disapprove the decisions taken by the Chief Minister and other ministers after taking part in a debate on the issues.

Question 4.
What was the problem in Patalpuram? What discussion/action was taken by the following? Fill in the table.

Answer.
The problem in Patalpuram was that diarrhea had broken out in the city. The discussion/decision taken by the following:

Question 5.
What is the difference between the work that MLAs do in the Assembly and the work done by government departments?
Answer.
Difference between the work that MLAs do in the Assembly and the work done by the government departments:

1. MLAs raise the issues in the Assembly and want a solution to the problems facing the masses. They also make decisions.
2. Government departments implement the decisions taken by the Assembly.

INTEXT QUESTIONS

Question 1.
What is happening in Patalpuram? (NCERT Page 31)
Answer.
People are facing acute water shortages. Due to unclean water diarrhea has spread. Children are the worst affected.

Question 2.
Why is this problem serious? (NCERT Page 31)
Answer.
This problem is serious as numerous people are dying daily due to diarrhea.

Question 3.
What action do you think can be taken in the above situation and who do you think should take this action? Discuss. (NCERT Page 31)
Answer.
Health services should be improved immediately. The Health Department should provide mobile health services to the people at once. Proper sanitation drive can be carried out. Clean drinking water should be made available.

Question 4.
Discuss the following terms with your teacher—
The public meeting, States in India, constituency, majority, the ruling party, and opposition. (NCERT Page 32)
Answer.

1. Public meeting: Meeting of the general public/people about current problems.
2. Constituency: Area represented by MLA or MP.
3. Majority: Representatives having more than 50% of members (MLAs or MPs).
4. Ruling Party: Party or parties which rule the state or the country (with more than 50%) of the total strength of the house.
5. Opposition: Parties with less than 50% majority.

Question 5.
Can you explain the following terms— a majority, the ruling party, opposition with reference to your state? (NCERT Page 32)
Answer.

1. State: Delhi
2. Majority: Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) has a majority in the Delhi Assembly with 67 MLAs out of a total of 70 MLAs.
3. Ruling Party: AAP.
4. Opposition: Bharatiya Janata Party, Indian National Congress, B.S.P., Janata Dal (S), and some independent MLAs.
   Note: Students are requested to find out answers to/about questions for their own state.

Question 6.
Construct a table, similar to the one given for Himachal Pradesh, for your state. (NCERT Page 33)
Answer.
Do this exercise yourself.
Hints: Delhi: Total Assembly seats: 70.
Political Party                                                       Number of MLAs
Aam Aadmi Party                                                               67
Indian National Congress                                                   00
Bharatiya Janata Party                                                        03
Bahujan Samaj Party                                                           00
NCP                                                                                     00
Others                                                                                 00

Question 7.
At times, the ruling party may not be a single party but a group of parties working together. This is called a coalition. Discuss with your teacher. (NCERT Page 33)
Answer.

1. When no party gets a clear majority, few parties come together and elect their leader.
2. They go to the Governor and inform him about the leader. The Governor appoints him as C.M.
3. The Governor gives the leader and his council of ministers an oath of secrecy and allegiance to the constitution.
4. The coalition parties prepare a common minimum programme (CMP) and work to implement the programme during the tenure of the coalition.

Question 8.
What were the main arguments put forward by different MLAs who thought that the government was not taking the situation in a serious manner? (NCERT Page 36)
Answer.
Main Issues

1. Spread of an epidemic.
2. Shortage of drinking water.
3. Bad/Poor condition of hospitals.
4. The dearth of doctors.

Question 9.
If you were the health minister, how would you respond to the above discussion? (NCERT Page 36)
Answer.
I would have started the mobile health care vans with the necessary equipment and doctors immediately.

Question 10.
Do you think the above debate would have been useful in some ways? How? Discuss. (NCERT Page 36)
Answer.
Yes, because it has brought the issues to the fore and is solved in minimum time.

Question 11.
In the working of the government, explain the difference between being an MLA and an MLA who is also a minister. (NCERT Page 36)
Answer.

1. An MLA highlights the burning issues and can suggest some solutions.
2. Minister takes the decision and implements it.

Question 12.
Write two measures that the government undertook for controlling diarrhea. (NCERT Page 37)
Answer.

1. Removal of garbage.
2. Arrangement’ of drinking water through tanker trucks.

Question 13.
What is the purpose of a press conference? How does the press conference help you get information on what the government is doing? (NCERT Page 37)
Answer.

1. To highlight the steps taken by the government.
2. The press conference is broadcast or telecast.
3. It is also printed in newspapers for the common people.

Question 14.

Find out with the help of your teacher, the work done by the government departments mentioned above, and fill in the table. (NCERT Page 39)
Answer.

Question 15.
Do a similar wallpaper project about any issue connected with the working of your State Government like an education programme, any law and order issue, midday meal scheme, etc. (NCERT Page 40)
Answer.
Hints:

1. Students can take photographs of the distribution of mid-day meals in their own school for six days of a week.
2. Then, they should arrange them in order.
3. Now they put them on a chart paper in a sequence.
4. Write their observations days and put them on another chart paper.
5. Lastly, they paste them on the wall of their classroom.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 How the State Government Works helps you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 How the State Government Works, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

IMAGINE
You are attending a meeting where a saint is discussing the caste system. Relate the conversation.
Answer.
The main points of the conversation are:

• Origin of the caste system started from vama system.
• Division in the society.
• Caste conflicts.
• Major ill effects of the caste system.
• How to remove the caste evils.

LET’S RECALL

Question 1.
Match the following:
The Buddha                                            namghar
Shankaradeva                                    worship of Vishnu
Nizamuddin Auliya                       questioned social differences
Nayanars                                                  Sufi saint
Alvars                                                   worship of Shiva
Answer.
The Buddha                                questioned social differences
Shankaradeva                                               namghar
Nizamuddin Auliya                                       Sufi saint
Nayanars                                                 worship of Shiva
Alvars                                                      worship of Vishnu

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. Shankara was an advocate of ……………
2. Ramanuja was influenced by the ……………..
3. ………….., ……….. and .………… were advocates of Virashaivism.
4. ……………. was an important centre of the Bhakti. tradition in Maharashtra.

Answer.

1. Advaita.
2. Alvars.
3. Basavanna, Allama Prabhu, Akkamahadevi.
4. Pandharpur.

Question 3.
Describe the beliefs and practices of the Nathpanthis, Siddhas, and Yogis.
Answer.

• They advocated renunciation of the world.
• They believed that the path to salvation lay in meditation on the formless God and the realisation of oneness with it.
• To achieve this they advocated intense training of the mind and body through practices like Yog asanas, breathing exercises and meditation.
• They did not believe in the ritual and oilier aspects of conventional religion and the social order.

Question 4.
What were the major ideas expressed by Kabir? How did he express these? (Very Imp.)
Answer.
The major ideas expressed by Kabir include:

• Rejection of major religious traditions.
• Criticism of all forms of external worship of both Brahmanical Hinduism and Islam.
• Criticism of priestly classes and caste system.
• Belief in a formless Supreme God.
• Emphasis on Bhakti or devotion to achieve salvation.

Kabir expressed his ideas in a vast collection of verses known as sakhis and pads. These are said to have been composed by him and sung by wandering bhajan singers.

LET’S UNDERSTAND

Question 5.
What were the major beliefs and practices of the Sufis?
Answer.
Sufis were the Muslim mystics:

1. Rejected the outward religiosity and believed in devotion to God.
2. They rejected the elaborate rituals and the codes of behavior and believed that union with God should be as a lover seeks his beloved.
3. They composed poems to express their feelings and developed methods to train heart.
4. Zikr, contemplation, sama (singing), raqs (dancing) were some of the methods.
5. They were against idol worship and believed in collective prayers.

Question 6.
Why do you think many teachers rejected prevalent religious beliefs and practices?
Answer.
Many teachers rejected prevalent religious beliefs and practices because these were based on social differences, excess ritualism and outward display piety.

Question 7.
What were the major teachings of Baba Guru Nanak?
Answer.

• Baba Guru Nanak emphasised the importance of the worship of one God.
• He insisted that caste, creed or gender was irrelevant for attaining liberation. His idea of liberation was based on the pursuit of active life with a strong sense of social commitment.
• He used the terms nam, dan and isnan for the essence of his teaching, which actually meant right worship, the welfare of others and purity of conduct.
• He gave importance to right-belief and worship, honest living and helping others.
• Guru Nanak, thus, promoted the idea of equality.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 8.
For either the Virashaivas or the sants of Maharashtra, discuss their attitude towards caste.
Answer.
The saints of Maharashtra focused on the Vitthala form of Vishnu and on a personal god residing inside the hearts of all people:

1. Their songs in simple Marathi language inspired people.
2. They rejected all forms of ritualism, outward display of piety and social differences based on birth and treatment to women.
3. They even rejected the idea of renunciation and preferred to live with their families and earning a livelihood.
4. They believed in serving fellow beings and sharing the pain of others.

Question 9.
Why do you think ordinary people preserved the memory of Mirabai?
Answer.
Ordinary people preserved the memories of Mirabai because of the following reasons:

1. She was devoted to Krishna.
2. Composition of innumerable bhajans expressing her intense devotion.
3. Challenged norms of upper castes.

LET’S DO

Question 10.
Find out whether there are any dargahs, gurudwaras or temples associated with saints of the bhakti tradition in your neighbourhood. Visit any one of these and describe what you see and hear.
Answer.
Do this exercise yourself.

Question 11.
For any of the saint-poets whose compositions have been included in this chapter, find out more about their works, noting down other poems. Find out whether these are sung, how they are sung, and what the poets wrote about.
Answer.
Mainly Guru Nanak. Read the chapter and write down.

Question 12.
There are several saint-poets whose names have been mentioned but their works have not been included in the chapter. Find out more about the language in which they composed, whether their compositions were sung, and what their compositions were about.
Answer.
Do this exercise yourself.

INTEXT QUESTIONS WITH THEIR ANSWERS

Question 1.
You can observe this process of local myths and legends receiving wider acceptance even today. Can you find some examples around you? (NCERT Page 105)
Answer.
Yes, the stories of Maina Sundari and Anjana Kumari in Jainism are well known that they attained salvation due to their Bhakti in the supreme God.
Other Examples:

• Alha Udal in Bundelkhand
• Raginis in Haryana and Western U.P.

Question 2.
How does the poet describe his relationship with the deity? (NCERT Page 106)
Answer.
The devotee said that he had been salvaged with the touch of the blessings of the God.

Question 3.
Try and find out more about the ideas of Shankara or Ramanuja. (NCERT Page 107)
Answer.
Please do it yourself with the help of your history teacher.

Question 4.
What is the temple that Basavanna is offering to God? (NCERT Page 108)
Answer.
Basavanna’s body.

Question 5.
Discuss the ideas about the social order expressed in the compositions of Saint Tukaram. (NCERT Page 109)
Answer.

1. God lives in the hearts of all, high or low, Dalits or the high ups.
2. He treats the weak as his son and daughter.
3. These pious people are God themselves.
4. If any one ill-treats them he should be ashamed of.

Question 6.
Why do you think Mirabai left Rana’s palace? (NCERT Page 115)
Answer.
Because she did not like to remain confined in the four walls of the palace.

Question 7.
In what ways are the ideas of this poem similar to or different from those of Basavanna and Jalaluddin Rumi? (NCERT Page 116)
Answer.

1. The ideas in this poem are similar in this way that this poem emphasises equality and against the caste and Brahmanical system.
2. Differences are in the ways that there is no need for keeping fast or Ramzan. God or Allah lives in the heart not outside.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

IMAGINE
You have inherited a kingdom. (Remember Babur and Akbar were about your age when they became rulers). How would you make your kingdom stable and prosperous?
Answer.
We would make our kingdom stable and prosperous in the following manner:

• We shall appoint an advisory council to advise on the matters of ruling and administration.
• A foolproof tax system will be started at reasonable rates.
• Government enterprises will be set up to ensure regular income to the state.
• Joint venture undertakings would be set up at a minimum rate of profit to the state exchequer.

LET’S RECALL

Question 1.
Match the following:
Mansab                                 Marwar
Mongol                                Governor
Sisodiya Rajput                      Uzbeg
Rathor Rajput                        Mewar
Nur Jahan                               Rank
Subadar                                 Jahangir
Answer.
Mansab                                     Rank
Mongol                                   Uzbeg
Sisodiya Rajput                       Mewar
Rathor Rajput                         Marwar
Nur Jahan                              Jahangir
Subadar                                 Governor

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:

1. The capital of Mirza Hakim, Akbar’s half-brother, was …………
2. The five Deccan Sultanates were Berar, Khandesh, Ahmadnagar, …………, and …………..
3. If zat determined a mansabdar’s rank and salary, sawar indicated his …………….
4. Abul Fazl, Akbar’s friend and counsellor, helped him frame the idea of ……………. so that he could govern a society composed of many religions, cultures, and castes.

Answer.

1. Kabul.
2. Bijapur, Golconda.
3. Cavalrymen.
4. Sulh-i-kul

Question 3.
What were the central provinces under the control of the Mughals?
Answer.
Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh.

Question 4.
What was the relationship between the man Sardar and the jagir?
Answer.

1. Mansabdar were the nobles or the rank holders. They were not paid salaries Instead they were given the right to collect revenue from the land granted to them. These lands were called jagirs.
2. Often mansabdars had to serve outside their jagirs therefore the revenue from their jagir was collected by their servants.

LET’S UNDERSTAND

Question 5.
What was the role of the zamindar in the Mughal administration?
Answer.
Role of the Zamindar in Mughal administration:

1. Zamindars were described as all types of intermediary whether they were local headmen of the villages or the powerful chieftains.
2. They collected taxes from peasants and deposited the same with the treasury of the empire.

Question 6.
How were the debates with religious scholars important in the formation of Akbar’s ideas on governance?
Answer.
The debates with religious scholars, of India today do not pose a challenge to national integration because today, we have a democratic, republic government appointed by the common people of the land through elections.

Question 7.
Why did the Mughals emphasise their Timurid and not their Mongol descent?
Answer.
The Mughals did not like to be known as Mongols. Genghis Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of people and invasional instinct. It was also linked with Uzbegs, their Mongol competitors.
They preferred their Timurid ancestry. Their great ancestor had captured Delhi in 1398. They were proud of their genealogy. Each ruler had his picture made with Timur.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 8.
How important was the income from land revenue to the stability of the Mughal Empire?
Answer.
Land revenue was the backbone of the Mughal Empire. Without it nothing could be done. The king could not pay the salary of his soldiers. Neither could he do any welfare work. The administrative expenditure was so vast and this could be met with this revenue only. Hence, revenue was important to strengthen the empire.

Question 9.
Why was it important for the Mughals to recruit mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis?
Answer.
It was important for the Mughals to recruit mansabdars from diverse backgrounds and not just Turanis and Iranis because of the following reasons:

• It had a positive effect on the emotions of the people of India (Hindustan—the subcontinent).
• The people of the subcontinent were more conversant with the status of land and taxes to be imposed on it.

Question 10.
Like the Mughal Empire, India today is also made up of many social and cultural units. Does this pose a challenge to national integration?
Answer.
No. This does not pose any challenge to national integration. Unity in diversity is the special feature of India. Indians may belong to different regions, cultures, castes and creed. But this does not mean that they are different people. They are one and are proud of being born in India.

Sometimes social conflicts arise no doubt but they are solved in an amicable way. Whenever there is an external threat, all Indians come together. The Kargil war is worth mentioning here. India fought and won the war in the last. That was the time when everyone was filled with patriotic feelings. There was only one goal, Le. to win the war and that India did with the help of her brave heroes.

Question 11.
Peasants were vital for the economy of the Mughal Empire. Do you think that they are as important today? Has the gap in the income between the rich and the poor in India changed a great deal from the period of the Mughals?
Answer.
Peasants are still very important as they are the producers of food and the agrarian industrial raw material:

1. Peasants pay the land revenue increasing the government revenue.
2. There is a change in the gap between the rich and the poor today as compared to the Mughal period mainly because of change in the social, economic situation of the country.
3. Now the country is one political entity with rights and duties for all the citizens and the government working for the welfare of the citizens.

LET’S DO

Question 12.
The Mughal Empire left its impact on the different regions of the subcontinent in a variety of ways. Find out if it had any impact in the city, village, or region in which you live.
Answer.
I live in Delhi. It was the capital of the Mughal Empire. The Empire changed the face of the city. We see the Red Fort, Chandni Chowk, Jama Masjid, Humayun’s tomb, the Mughal garden, etc. in the city. These were the contributions of the Mughal emperors who made the city so rich and colourful.

INTEXT QUESTIONS WITH THEIR ANSWERS

Question 1.
Do you think this painting suggests that the Mughals claimed kingship as a birthright? (NCERT Page 46)
Answer.
Yes.

Question 2.
Did the annexation of Golconda and Bijapur in Aurangzeb’s reign end hostilities in the Deccan? (NCERT Page 47)
Answer.
No, the uncertain situation still persisted and he had to personally manage the affairs of Deccan. He even had to face guerrilla warfare.

Question 3.
Can you identify the Jesuit priests in this picture? (NCERT Page 55)

Answer.
The Jesuit priests in this picture are in black and long gowns.

Question 4.
Find out more about Akbar’s other contemporaries—the ruler of England, Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603); the Safavid ruler of Iran, Shah Abbas (1588-1629); and the more controversial Russian ruler, Czar Ivan IV Vasilyevich, also called “Ivan the Terrible” (1530-1584). (NCERT Page 57)
Answer.

1. Akbar: Universal peace
2. Queen Elizabeth: Democratic attitude
3. Shah Abbas: Liberal
4. Czar Ivan: Ruthless dictator

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us

NCERT TEXTBOOK EXERCISES

Question 1.
In what ways is a hawker different from a shop owner?
Answer.
Difference between a hawker and a shopkeeper

Question 2.
Compare and contrast a weekly market and a shopping complex on the
following:

Answer.

Question 3.
Explain how a chain of markets is formed. What purpose does it serve?
Answer.
(1) A chain of markets is formed starting from wholesale markets to retail shop owners who sell directly to the consumers. In between wholesale markets and retailers, there are medium and big traders. For example, a hawker or retailer purchases plastic items from a wholesale trader in the town. The town wholesaler, in turn, buys from a bigger wholesale trader in the city. The city wholesale trader buys a large number of plastic items directly from the factory and stores them in their godowns. Thus, a chain of the market is formed.

(2) A chain of markets serves the purpose of producer and consumers. Because neither a producer can sell a small number of goods to an individual consumer nor an individual consumer can buy a large number of goods from producers. So, wholesale traders, retailers, etc. are required to link the producers and consumers.

Question 4.
“All persons have equal rights to visit any shop in a marketplace”. Do you think this is true of shops with expensive products? Explain with examples.
Answer.
Yes, it is equally true of shops with expensive products. As consumers, we can visit any shop. Even though we have no money in our pockets. The shop owner is bound to show the articles which the customer asks him to show. He cannot force the customer to buy any article. It totally depends upon him whether he buys anything or not. We can understand it more clearly through an example. Kavita and Sujata went to Ansal Mall out of curiosity. While wandering here and there they enter a shop all of a sudden. They have no plan to buy anything. They look at some branded dresses and move away.

Question 5.
“Buying and selling can take place without going to a marketplace.” Explain this statement with the help of examples.
Answer.

1. Buying and selling can take place without going to a marketplace. This statement is true in the present scenario of new trends in marketing.
2. Technology has changed the traditional concept of marketing by the manual presence in the market to buy and sell anything.
3. Nowadays, it is not necessary to go to the market to purchase goods. Anyone can place orders for a variety of things through the phone or the Internet and the goods are delivered at the home or place where needed.
4. For example, you can see, in clinics and nursing homes, sales representatives waiting for doctors or taking orders at shops for different goods or medicine. Thus, retailers or consumers can place orders for any items without going to market.

INTEXT QUESTIONS

Question 1.
Why do people go to a weekly market? Give three reasons. (NCERT Page 96)
Answer.
People go to the weekly market because of the following reasons:

1. They get all things of their use in one place.
2. The prices are less and bargaining can be done.
3. They can buy goods in smaller quantities.
4. People prefer a weekly market because they get a variety and choice of goods.

Question 2.
Who are the sellers in a weekly market? Why don’t we find big business persons in these markets? (NCERT Page 96)
Answer.

1. Small/mini traders are the sellers in the weekly markets.
2. Big business persons are not in these markets as there is a very low level of buying and selling.

Question 3.
Why are things cheap in the weekly market? (NCERT Page 96)
Answer.
Things in a weekly market are cheaper because:

1. Shopkeepers do not spend much in terms of rent for shop, electricity, wages to workers, or packaging of goods.
2. The sellers store goods at home and have vehicles to move around.
3. Their family members help them to produce or sell goods.
4. There are many sellers of the same product so, there is competition among them.
5. In weekly markets, people bargain to bring the prices down.

Question 4.
Explain with an example how people bargain in the market. Can you think of a situation where the bargain would be unfair? (NCERT Page 96)
Answer.

1. In the markets, sellers tell higher prices.
2. Buyers tell low prices.
3. In this way, the price of the goods is bargained and the rate is fixed on a mutually agreed price.
4. In big shops where packaged and branded goods are sold, bargaining would be unfair.

Question 5.
Why did Sujata carry a notebook? Do you think this system is useful? Can there be problems? (NCERT Page 97)
Answer.

1. Sujata carries a notebook to get the amount written by the trader as she has purchased goods on credit.
2. This system is useful for those who have a low monthly income.
3. If honesty is there, there can be no problem.

Question 6.
What are the different kinds of shops that you find in your neighbourhood? What do you purchase from them? (NCERT Page 97)
Answer.
Weekly markets offer a variety of goods. There are other markets also like many shops sell goods and services in the neighbourhood.

• Chemist/physician
• Tailor / drycleaner / garment shop
• Grocery / departmental store
• Hair Saloon/ florist/ sweet shop

We buy milk, groceries, stationery, eatables, medicines, etc. Many of these are permanent. Some of them are roadside hawkers selling vegetables, fruits, or flowers.

Question 7.
Why are goods sold in permanent shops costlier than those sold in the weekly markets or by roadside hawkers? (NCERT Page 97)
Answer.
Goods sold in permanent shops are costlier than those sold in weekly markets or by hawkers.

1. Weekly markets have temporary shops where the traders set their shops for the day whereas other shops are permanent.
2. Traders in the weekly market do not pay the rent, electricity bill, or tax to the government. All these are paid by the shopkeepers.
3. They don’t have to pay salaries to their workers as their family members generally help them, whereas the shopkeepers have to pay for their employees.
4. Goods are not packed, whereas shopkeeper gives packaged branded goods.
5. Therefore the cost of goods in a permanent shop is higher than that of the weekly market.

Question 8.
Why do you think the guard wanted to stop Kavita and Sujata from entering the shop? What would you say if someone stops you from entering a shop in a market? (NCERT Page 98)
Answer.

1. He wanted to stop Kavita and Sujata from entering the shop because he was not sure that they would buy goods from this shop.
2. I would say that I want to buy goods even if they are costlier.

Question 9.
Why do people not bargain in shops located in malls whereas they bargain in weekly markets? (NCERT Page 99)
Answer.

1. People do not bargain in shops located in malls because goods there are fixed priced, packaged, and branded.
2. In weekly markets, prices of goods are not fixed, neither they are packaged nor branded.

Question 10.
How do you think your neighbourhood shop gets its goods? Find out and explain with some examples. (NCERT Page 99)
Answer.
Producers do not sell directly to the consumer. In between the two, there are traders. These wholesale traders buy goods in large quantities. They further sell to retailers like our neighbourhood shops. For example:

• The vegetable wholesale trader buys a large number of vegetables from the market.
• Here the buying and selling is between traders only
• Through these links, goods reach faraway places.
• These wholesale traders further sell the goods to retailers. These retailers are different shopkeepers, small traders, vendors or hawkers, etc.
• Retailers finally sell the goods to the consumer.

Question 11.
Why is a wholesale trader necessary? (NCERT Page 99)
Answer.
Because he acts as a link between the factories and the retailers.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.